俄罗斯国立图书馆的国际交换

俄罗斯国立图书馆是世界第二大图书馆,其书刊国际交换工作开展得非常广泛,目前与包括中国国家图书馆在内的111个国家的1834所图书馆建立了书刊交换关系。了解其国际交换的过去和现状,对我们开展与俄罗斯的书刊交换大有益处。     

参考咨询与学科服务比较研究

从参考咨询和学科服务的发展历史、工作内容、从业人员、服务特点等方面分析了二者的异同, 认为他们一博一专、优势互补。为图书馆从实际出发,建立适合本馆情况的创新服务体系提供了参考。     

The international geophysical year in Antarctica: Uncommon collaborations, unprecedented results

When 1 July 1957 “dawned” in the dark of the south polar night, Americans at seven scientific stations scattered across Antarctica officially began systematic, synoptic observations of the air above and ice below. Joining scientists from 11 other countries on the polar continent, they were part of the International Geophysical Year, an 18-month worldwide effort to understand the earth and its environment. The Navy and other military services provided the transportation, construction, and maintenance to make life and work possible on the ice. The scientific success and value of the IGY inspired a mechanism—the Antarctic Treaty of 1959—for a peaceful future focused on the cooperative pursuit of scientific knowledge. While imperfect and fragile, the treaty is still in force and, with continuing military and civilian support, scientific research in Antarctica prospers. All this was achieved in a remarkably short time, by disparate, thinly acquainted, mutually wary cultures—military, scientific, and diplomatic. All the more astonishing is that it happened within the tense context of the Cold War, as statesmen and warriors were wise enough to allow “apolitical” scientists to lead where they could not.     

How U.S. and Chinese journalists think about plagiarism

A comparison of 1,096 professional journalists in China and the United States on attitudes toward attribution and plagiarism reveals Chinese journalists were more likely to see attribution as a practice to be embraced regardless of career longevity and culture, suggesting journalistic norms are more important than a collectivist orientation. Attribution was more likely to be embraced by those who see principles as more important than expediency, affirming research that plagiarism is hardly a monolithic concept. Overall, journalists in the two nations did not vary significantly in their attitudes toward plagiarism, despite vast differences in culture and politics as well as evidence that in some other fields China is more accepting of reusing material without attribution. The data show that among journalists, attitudes toward plagiarism are shared across national boundaries, reinforcing related research showing that a journalism culture exists and is shared at least in part across national boundaries.     

两种EGR率标定方法下柴油机工作特性的对比

EGR成为降低发动机NOx排放的最有效方式之一,但标定其再循环量的重要参数EGR率的标定方法却有非常多种。针对这种情况,进行了柴油机在同等EGR率数值下的不同EGR率标定方法的柴油机工作特性的对比研究。研究结果发现,不同EGR率标定方法下,柴油机工作参数的变化趋势是一致的,区别在于标方法不同时,对工作参数的影响程度不同。     

新旧《固定资产》准则的比较与思考

固定资产是企业进行生产经营活动所必须拥有的劳动资料,因此对固定资产的管理非常重要。本文在认真比较新旧固定资产准则在定义、初始计量、后续支出等方面差异的基础上,分析了新《固定资产》准则的实施对企业的资产结构、利润和所有者权益等的影响。     

国际体育哲学研究的热点与走向——近三届世界哲学大会“体育哲学”专题评介

世界哲学大会(WCP)是国际哲学领域中影响力最大的学术会议,"体育哲学"专题是历届会议重要的组成部分。通过文本分析,指出近三届世界哲学大会的"体育哲学"专题呈现出五大特征:体育哲学专题比重相对较小、国际体育哲学协会重视、体育哲学研究主题多元和中国学者开始发声。当前国际体育哲学研究呈现多样性趋势,热点聚焦在体育伦理研究、体育意义研究与游戏哲学研究三个主要方面,其中以体育伦理学的研究关注度最高;呈现外延日趋扩散和内涵逐渐回归的发展走向,体育本体论、方法论以及人的社会属性研究将呈现回归趋势,受到体育哲学研究者的重视。     

Measuring communication patterns and intercultural transformation of international students in cross-cultural adaptation

This study attempts to develop a brief scale for measuring cross-cultural adaptation of international students in China and to explore the main pathways to promoting their cross-cultural adaptation. Based on Kim’s structural model of cross-cultural adaptation, this study examined a series of reliability and validity analyses and constructed a structural equation model for exploring the main pathways of cross-cultural adaptation. The findings reveal that the revised scale is reliable and valid for measuring international students’ cross-cultural adaptation. Moreover, the findings also suggest that there exist four main pathways (host communication competence, host social communication, intercultural transformation basic, intercultural transformation advanced) that are essential for the development of international students' cross-cultural adaptation, and the interlocking bilateral relationships among these pathways are significant and positive. This study provides insightful theoretical foundation for investigating international students' cross-cultural adaptation in non-western contexts and the compelling empirical support on the structural model of cross-cultural adaptation.     

法兰克福书展中国主宾国活动报道效果分析

本文分析了20家西方主流媒体关于2009法兰克福书展中国主宾国活动的报道,认为这些媒体对中国文化的报道基本保持了客观和平衡;但在将文化议题政治化或者涉及政治议题时,这些媒体的二次编码以及国内网络意见的不对称传播,形成对中国不利的传播效果。有鉴于此,我方传播者应从共同经验出发,提升对外文化传播能力。     

中国关于世界多极化的战略判断:演化轨迹及其特征

本文通过对中国官方文献的回顾梳理,阐述了中国关于世界多极化的基本理念及战略判断的演化进程,认为该进程经历了20世纪90年代初期的初步宣示、90年代中后期的进一步明确化和新世纪之初的充实发展三个阶段,在此基础上分析了该战略判断的基本特征及其对中国外交的政策含义。