屈原作品中的“户”“伴”词义考释

屈原《离骚》中的“户”,《悲回风》中的“伴”,其解释在学界中有不同的看法。本文对两词的释义进行了详细的辨析说明,认为“户”字做“披挂、披带”解,“伴”字做“背叛义”解更为合理。     

复方丹参片早期干预对APP/PS1转基因小鼠学习记忆的影响

目的：探讨复方丹参片早期干预对APP/PS1转基因小鼠学习记忆的影响及作用机制。方法：4月龄野生型小鼠和APP/PS1转基因小鼠分别灌胃给予溶剂或药物8周后,采用新物体识别实验和跳台实验评价复方丹参片对小鼠行为学表现的影响;应用ELISA检测小鼠海马β淀粉样蛋白（β-amyloid protein,Aβ）Aβ40、Aβ42的含量;采用Real time PCR和Western blot分别检测胰岛素分解酶（insulin degrading enzyme,IDE）/脑啡肽酶（neprilysin,NEP）m RNA和蛋白水平的变化。结果：新物体识别实验结果显示,复方丹参片720 mg·kg-1显著性增加APP/PS1转基因小鼠对新物体的识别指数。跳台实验结果显示,复方丹参片720、360 mg·kg-1显著性减少APP/PS1转基因小鼠学习次数,此外,复方丹参片720 mg·kg-1明显增加小鼠在平台的停留时间。ELISA结果显示,复方丹参片720、360 mg·kg-1显著性降低APP/PS1转基因小鼠海马Aβ40、Aβ42水平。Real-time PCR结果显示,复方丹参片720 mg·kg-1显著性上调APP/PS1转基因小鼠海马IDE和NEP m RNA的表达。Western blot结果显示,复方丹参片720 mg·kg-1显著性增加小鼠海马IDE蛋白表达。结论：复方丹参片可改善APP/PS1转基因小鼠学习记忆能力,可能与减少海马Aβ水平和增加IDE的表达有关。     

中国共产党指导思想命名的当下走向

大众舆论十分关注中国共产党指导思想命名的当下走向,一般会提出以下五个层层递进的问题：新一代领导人是否需要提出新的指导思想？指导思想新的命名何以可能？新指导思想会采用什么名称？怎么处理指导思想的命名走向与新任领袖个人思想资源的关系？为什么要研究指导思想命名的当下走向？总而言之,可以从前提、途径、猜想、关键、反思等五个方面尝试解答这些热点问题。这种探讨不仅可以引领大众舆论,也利于开拓研究视野。     

R&D co-operation and innovation a microeconometric study on French firms

The scope of this paper is to report new empirical evidence on the determinants of R&D co-operation. Indeed, the literature on the capabilities of firms emphasises the role of knowledge in the performance and evolution of firms who use knowledge developed in others to build their own knowledge capital. R&D co-operation between firms is one of the many strategies by which this knowledge may be transmitted. Several theoretical models have stressed that R&D co-operation is more likely when the level of spillovers is high. While this supposition is used in many theoretical models, it has rarely been tested before. Our results do not lend strong support to this intuition. Indeed, our spillover variables (national pure spillovers, national rent spillovers and imports of machine tools), which were supposed to match the theoretical notion of spillovers used in these theoretical models have a positive but not a significant role when explaining R&D co-operation. The R&D co-operation increases with size and with R&D intensity, but not with market share. It also increases with the budget spent on paying license fees and on acquiring patents and labour from foreign firms. In this study, we also analyse the determinants of innovation. In more precise terms, we compare the effects of R&D co-operation to those played by traditional internal factors and those exerted by external, pure and rent spillovers on the innovation capacity of the firms. Our results show that the commercial success of innovations of French firms depends mainly on size, market share, R&D intensity and human capital. Inward FDI from industrialised countries exerts a positive and significant effect. The finding highlights the important role of the absorptive capacity of firms. Spillover measurements, such as the acquisition of machine tools, foreign patents, licenses, and technological opportunities have a positive impact on innovation.     

基于XML/RDF的元数据描述在数字图书馆的应用

介绍了数字图书馆中基于XML/RDF的两种元数据描述技术,一种是传统的机读格式MARC元数据,一种是DC元数据。通过对比发现,DC元数据描述的数字资源信息更为直观、灵活、易读,但DC元数据并不能完全取代MARC元数据,二者各有优点和不足,并相互补充。     

基于无人机的安防监控系统在智慧城市中的应用前景与实现

本文阐述了无人机在安防监控领域的优势与背景。无人机安防监控系统的构建主要为三个模块:首先介绍了无人机的机体设计与内部系统设计;接着阐述了安防监控后台系统的主要功能,以及无人机如何与后台系统进行无线通信;最后总结了无人机安防监控系统的优势,并提出了该系统目前存在的缺陷与改进方法。     

Impact of light intensity on flowering time and plant quality of Antirrhinum majus L.cultivar Chimes White

Shades of different light intensities (29%, 43%, 54%, 60% or 68%) along with control (no shade) were studied to observe their effects on the flowering time and plant quality. A hyperbolic relationship was observed between different light intensities under shade, and time to flowering. The total number of flower buds showed a curvilinear relationship with light intensities. Growth parameters related to the plant characteristics such as plant height, leaf area and plant fresh weight were improved under shading treatments at the expense of flowering time and number of flower buds. However, both linear and polynomial models applied assumed that cultivar Chimes White was equally sensitive to light intensity throughout development.     

大学教改与大学教材——以中文专业几部教材为例

文章从文字编辑、论述是否全面、编者表述等几个方面具体分析了《文学理论教程（修订二版）》中存在的问题,希望编者再进行修改时,予以考虑。在此基础上,文章又兼谈了其他几部中文专业教材存在的问题,希望大学教师在为学生选教材时要慎之又慎。     

Finding and explaining differences: A reply to Gudykunst and Hammer

A rejoinder to Gudykunst and Hammer's critique of a recent paper is presented. We argue that their position is based on two mutually exclusive propositions and cannot therefore be credible. We continue to maintain that the evidence on intercultural effectiveness shows both culture-general and culture-specific components.     

Selective search, sectoral patterns, and the impact on product innovation performance

The shift toward more open and interconnected innovation activities has been a major topic in recent academic and practitioner discussions. Firms must connect their in-house R&D activities with external partners, such as leading customers or universities, to increase the effectiveness of their innovation activities. Hence, management needs to define where to search for valuable knowledge in its environment. In this paper we argue that knowledge search has to reflect the heterogeneity of various knowledge sources with regard to the knowledge they can provide and how these sources can be activated. We hypothesize that search strategies driven by science, suppliers and the product market will contribute differently to innovation success with new-to-market versus imitated products. Moreover, we explore the effect of these types of knowledge search within different sectoral patterns of innovation. Our empirical analysis rests on a sample of almost 5000 firms from five Western European countries. The results support our hypotheses and highlight the potentials and shortcomings of different types of knowledge search.