间歇性中辍行为特征的探索性研究——以微博数据为例

[目的/意义] 移动社交网络用户的消极使用行为越来越普遍,间歇性中辍行为是其中非常典型的一类,对间歇性中辍行为特征与影响因素进行分析,有助于加强用户消极行为方面的研究,帮助企业有针对性地采取措施,完善运营机制并实现长久发展。[方法/过程] 本文选择有远离微博意向的用户,采用网络爬虫的方式收集用户半年内发微博的时间与内容,基于登录时间间隔、中辍时间间隔与微博内容词云分析对用户的间歇性中辍行为特征与原因进行研究。[结果/结论] 研究结果发现,微博的环境、内容与过度使用都会导致用户产生远离意向,其中活跃用户占大多数,然而在实际行为中,活跃用户采取远离行为的可能性更低,中辍时间间隔也更短,消极用户则相反,用户需求不同导致用户的行为意向与实际行为存在差异。     

A critical review of the literature on school dropout

This paper reviews the growing literature on early school leaving. We clarify what is at stake with early school leaving, and touch upon underlying problems and methodological issues raised in the literature. The paper investigates the levels, the methods and models with which the topic has been studied, and discusses potential (dis)advantages of each of those. We focus on early school leaving in all its complexity, and on the interplay of relevant (levels of) factors, rather than on just certain factors, typically located in individual students, schools or families. The findings in the literature are discussed and placed into perspective. Finally, a wide set of policy measures are discussed.     

国内外远程学习者辍学研究综述

远程开放教育以其开放、灵活的教育形式得到了人们的信赖和认可,然而,远程开放教育中存在的高辍学率问题却不容忽视。国外对远程学习者辍学的研究起步较早,已形成了比较成熟的理论成果;而国内对远程学习者辍学的研究仍处于描述性研究阶段。国外的研究成果对国内远程学习者辍学研究有很好的借鉴意义。     

远程开放教育学生流失问题及对策研究

学生流失现象随着远程开放教育的开展越来越突出,笔者采用问卷调查法和访谈法对部分远程开放教育的专科学生进行了相关研究和数据分析,并提出对应的助学策略和建议。     

Student psychological distress and degree dropout or completion: a discrete-time,competing risks survival analysis

Studies of psychological distress (PD) in university students have shown that they have high prevalence rates. These findings have raised concerns that PD may be leading to poorer student outcomes, such as elevated dropout rates. The aim of this study was to examine the association of PD in undergraduate university students with the competing risks of degree dropout or completion. It analysed data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. The sample comprised 1265 university students. PD (i.e., probable depression and/or anxiety) was measured with a validated cut-off score of ≤65 on the 5-item Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5) from the Short Form 36 (SF-36). The study used an accelerated longitudinal design with student year of study as the metric of time and estimated dynamic discrete-time, competing risks survival models. Contrary to expectations, the study found that students with PD had lower odds of degree dropout and higher odds of degree completion than students without PD in year 4 of their degrees. This study contributes to the empirical literature on university student mental health by showing that, while PD can be debilitating and negatively affect students’ general educational experience, it is not as harmful to academic progress as might be assumed.     

透过现象看本质——宁波电大开放教育英语专业（本科）高流生率个案研究

本文关注宁波电大开放教育英语专业流生问题及其背后的三大主要原因即工学矛盾、家庭与学习的矛盾、学习困难,并从学习观念,小组活动,师生间联系,课程、形考改革,教师等方面对减少流生率进行了探讨,希望能对减少流生现象有所启示。     

基于远程开放教育辍学分析与对策的实证研究

本文以天津广播电视大学远程开放教育教务系统数据为依据,研究了远程开放教育的辍学率及辍学呈现的规律特征。依托辍学影响因素模型,提出降低远程开放教育辍学率的对策。本研究有助于远程教育机构采取有效措施降低辍学率,进而提高办学效益,使更多的社会弱势群体受益于远程开放教育。     

美国学生辍学问题研究

学生中途辍学一直是困扰美国社会的一个严重问题。文章在对美国学生中途辍学的相关概念和现状进行描述的基础上，从学校因素、家庭因素、个人因素和社会因素四个方面深入分析了辍学的原因，并对美国学生中途辍学的干预策略进行了探讨。     

The intersection of culture and institutional support for Latino students’ academic success: Remediation or empowerment?

The study is framed by critical race theory to explore the intersection of cultural and institutional factors that influence Latino students’ completion of high school. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which factors related to students’ background, culture, socioeconomic status, and institutional-support such as participation in mentoring and/or dropout-prevention programs, can predict Latino students’ successful completion of high school. The overarching research question is: To what extent do family background, students’ educational aspirations, and institutional support programs predict whether Latino students’ complete high school? Using data from the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS: 2002), from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) with 2,217 Hispanic participants, the study used a logistic linear regression model for the analysis. The findings identified students’ gender, socioeconomic status, first language, educational aspirations as well as the aspirations of their parents, school poverty concentration, and school support programs to be significant predictors of high school completion. The logistic regression model correctly classified between 78%, 85%, and 81% of the cases included in the group for timely completion according to first-, second-, and third-generation respectively. A similar classification was found for high school completion-within-two-years. The discussion highlights marked differences between the effect of dropout-prevention programs and that of mentoring programs on Latinos’ high school completion. In addition, that the factors represented by individual and institutional variables might not operate in isolation but instead might intersect with socioeconomic and cultural factors that ultimately create barriers for this minority group.     

The Multifaceted Challenges in Teacher-Student Relationships: A Qualitative Study of Teachers’ and Principals’ Experiences and Views Regarding the Dropout Rate in Norwegian Upper-Secondary Education

The purpose of our study was to enhance understanding of teachers' and principals' experiences and views regarding the high dropout rate in Norwegian upper secondary schools. Qualitative analysis showed that the teacher-student relationships over years had become more complicated since the implementation of a new educational reform, making the syllabus increasingly theoretical and thus reducing the practical value for many students. Limitations in students' knowledge, skills and academic interest, contributed to the creation of huge differences in academic levels within the class and thus reduced the quality of teaching. Societal changes were identified as possible factors underlying the high dropout rate. Better guidance regarding educational choices, study programs adapted to the students' interests, and actively nurturing involvement may prevent dropout.