量子物理学的基石——纪念普朗克提出量子概念100周年

量子概念的建立是现代物理学的一个起点 .本文简述了普朗克的生平及其提出量子概念的研究过程 ,并探讨了他的物理学思路和哲学信念     

RRM1 gene expression in peripheral blood is predictive of shorter survival in Chinese patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated by gemcitabine and platinum

Objective  

To evaluate the predictive values of gene expressions of ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) in peripheral blood from Chinese patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with gemcitabine plus platinum.     

凯恩斯和马克思对失业原因分析的比较

凯恩斯和马克思在对资本主义社会失业问题的分析上有一些相同和类似之处.他们对失业原因分析的一个最大差别是,凯恩斯主要是从人的心理以及人的动机所决定的变量关系上去寻找失业的原因;而马克思的观点是,失业是资本主义生产方式本身对资本主义生产施加的一种限制,失业只是一种相对人口过剩.     

Child‐Rearing Practices and Expert Identities: A tale of two interventions

Paul Smeyers’ keynote address to the PESA 2007 Conference, ‘The Entrepreneurial Self and Informal Education: On government intervention and the discourse of experts’ provides a timely call for questioning the governing of the family. This paper draws upon Smeyers’ key concerns to explore both historical and contemporary trends in clustering government agencies, under the guidance of child development experts. The guidance of two expert groups is problematised, with particular attention to an absence of commitment to Māori perspectives of education and child‐rearing. Such an absence reflects, in New Zealand, a dangerous undermining of the historic treaty between the British and Māori. The paper then challenges, with brief reference to Jacques Derrida's discussions on autobiography and Freud's Legacy, the identity of expert groups advocating early intervention in the lives of families measured as a burden on economic and social progress. The paper posits that perhaps it is the developmental expert that requires some form of early intervention.     

Mana Wahine and Washday at the Pā

Abstract

Washday at the Pā (‘pā’ is used colloquially by Pākehā to refer to a Māori settlement) is the title of an old schoolbook, a picture reading book for younger schoolchildren, which was produced in 1964 by the state education system in Aotearoa-New Zealand in 1964, written and photographed by Ans Westra, who later became one of the most famous photographers in the country. Washday at the Pā provoked a national debate when the Minister of Education acceded to protests by the Māori Womens Welfare League against its use in classrooms by withdrawing it completely, and the story of this controversy has remained alive in national consciousness ever since. This research brings Māori feminist philosophy to the Washday debate: I take up Mana Wahine theory as a useful lens on the controversy, understood as an event about, with and for women, in the history of Māori education. The purpose of this article is to reread, using Mana Wahine theory, existing arguments about the book’s withdrawal, and to propose an original resolution of the question at the centre of debate: should the book have been withdrawn from schools, or not?     

“大不了”的情态语义探析

从情态的角度考察“大不了”的语义内容,可以对“大不了”的四种用法之间的区别和联系有一个清晰的认识。“大不了”在语言使用中可以表达认识情态、道义情态、评价情态三种不同的情态语义,但在语用功能上却表现出一致性,都反映出说话人对命题内容的严重程度进行主观小化,持有不以为然的主观态度。本文最后对“大不了”的主观性特征进行了考察,认为不同语义内容的“大不了”包含的主观性强弱存在一定差别。     

Government,Church and Māori Responses to Mākutu (Sorcery) in New Zealand in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries

ABSTRACT

Traditionally Māori attributed disease to supernatural causes, including mākutu (sorcery) and, as with some other indigenous cultures, considered that killing sorcerers was both just and right. Belief in mākutu ran counter to the Church's desire to gain religious primacy, and mākutu-related murders challenged the State's claim to sovereignty, and its desire to ‘civilize’ Māori. Each indigenous society possesses unique characteristics, just as the nature of each settler society develops within its own environment. While some similarities with other colonized societies can be identified, distinctive local conditions influenced the relationship of Māori to the New Zealand colonial state, and thus attitudes and actions relating to sorcery-related crime. This article explores how mākutu brought Māori communities into conflict with both Church and State, and how the latter in particular was constrained by political realities. As the nineteenth century came to an end, the murders had largely ceased and the State and Church became more concerned with Māori spiritual healers. The article also shows that Māori reformers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries took a lead in changing Māori attitudes.     

胺碘酮、心律平对犬缺血M细胞电生理的影响

目的:临床试验表明,Ⅰ类抗心律失常药物虽能抑制心肌梗塞病人的室性心律失常,但增加死亡率,而胺碘酮(Ⅲ类药物)可提高心肌缺血患者的生存率.心室中层肌细胞(M细胞)有其独特的电生理特性并在心律失常发生中起重要作用.方法:采用细胞内玻璃微电极技术,用含胺碘硐或心律平的模拟缺血液灌流M细胞,了解在缺血情况下,两种药物分别对M细胞电生理有何影响.结果:(1)犬左心室M细胞的动作电位呈现出与心外膜层肌细胞相似的峰-谷-穹窿(spike and dome)形态;动作电位时程(APD)随基础起搏周长(BCL)延长而明显延长,即频率依赖性.(2)模拟缺血使M细胞的静息电位(RP)除极、动作电位幅值(APA)和Vmax减小、APD缩短,其APD的频率依赖性减弱或消失.(3)胺碘硐可延缓或减轻缺血引起的电生理变化.(4)心律平明显抑制M细胞的Vmax、APA,并随频率加快而作用增强.进一步加重了缺血引起的动作电位参数的改变,并可造成传导延缓或阻滞.结论:胺碘酮可减轻而心律平则加重缺血引起的M细胞的电生理改变.部分地解释了上述临床试验的结果.     

The impact of cognitive communities on the diffusion of academic knowledge: Evidence from the networks of inventors of a French university

Looking at micro-data on the networks of inventors of a French science university, we investigate whether the kind of cognitive relationships between researchers influences the geography of their collaborations.The hypothesis we test (and confirm empirically) is that academic knowledge diffuses in a restricted geographic area when the connected researchers belong to epistemic communities, whereas communities of practice entail less localised effects. We also show that institutionally mixed research teams do not impede large knowledge diffusion.     

Montgomery multiplication over rings

Montgomery multiplication of two elements a and b of a finite field F_q is defined as abr^-1 where r is a fixed field element in . In this paper we define Montgomery multiplication of elements a(x) and b(x) in a polynomial ring modulo the ideal generated by a reducible polynomial f(x). We then show that Montgomery multiplication over a field represented by a polynomial ring modulo an irreducible pentanomial can be performed more efficiently in terms of time delay by embedding the field in a quotient of a polynomial ring modulo a reducible trinomial. The trinomial has a degree that is slightly higher than that of the pentanomial, thereby increasing the number of gates in the multiplier by a small amount.