Fitting Nonlinear Latent Growth Curve Models With Individually Varying Time Points

Individual growth trajectories of psychological phenomena are often theorized to be nonlinear. Additionally, individuals’ measurement schedules might be unique. In a structural equation framework, latent growth curve model (LGM) applications typically have either (a) modeled nonlinearity assuming some degree of balance in measurement schedules, or (b) accommodated truly individually varying time points, assuming linear growth. This article describes how to fit 4 popular nonlinear LGMs (polynomial, shape-factor, piecewise, and structured latent curve) with truly individually varying time points, via a definition variable approach. The extension is straightforward for certain nonlinear LGMs (e.g., polynomial and structured latent curve) but in the case of shape-factor LGMs requires a reexpression of the model, and in the case of piecewise LGMs requires introduction of a general framework for imparting piecewise structure, along with tools for its automation. All 4 nonlinear LGMs with individually varying time scores are demonstrated using an empirical example on infant weight, and software syntax is provided. The discussion highlights some advantages of modeling nonlinear growth within structural equation versus multilevel frameworks, when time scores individually vary.     

Activity theory: A framework for design and reporting on research projects based on ICT

We propose using activity theory as a basis for designing and reporting on research projects that focus on information and communication technology (ICT) as a means to support educational processes. Adopting the theory, we describe teaching/learning activities mediated by ICT using a three level analysis: epistemological, methodological, social assistance. The analysis has been applied to the design and reporting of projects in both mathematics education at primary school level and training in technical innovation in commercial enterprises.     

“诗生活”：新媒体时代诗歌大众化的一种描述

当下,诗歌正在告别文本的概念,而成为一项活动;而大众也摆脱了单一的读者身份,成为诗歌活动的参与者。诗歌正在经历一次新的大众化,包括两个方面,其一是“线上”传播,大众参与以微博、微信为平台的评诗、写诗和读诗活动;其二是“线下”传播,经过艺术变形的诗歌,成为了诵诗、唱诗和戏剧化的表演活动,迎合了大众新的审美习惯。在这次大众化的过程中,诗歌可能重新焕发活力,成为大众日常生活的一部分。     

中国电力资源结构及空间布局优化研究

电力资源是我国的重要能源,对于维持经济快速发展和改善人民生活水平具有重要的保障作用。从世界其它国家发展看,发电用能源占一次能源比重呈不断上升趋势,在新世纪,我国发电用能源占一次能源比重也将不断上升。我国电力生产始终保持了较高的增长速度,并形成了以火电为主的发电结构,电网互联初规模。但是,与发电资源禀赋结构特点相比,我国电力资源在结构和空间布局上面临一系列问题：如电源结构不合理、水电发展滞后、水能资源空间分布和开发力度不匹配以及电网互连进展缓慢等,特别是水电资源丰富的优势还没有充分发挥出来,电力资源结构和空间布局亟待调整优化。针对上述问题,该文提出了电力资源结构和空间布局调整优化对策：优化电源结构,加大对西南地区水电资源开发力度、积极拓宽水电建设融资渠道和促进电网互联,这对于促进我国电力资源优化配置和生态环境改善都具有十分重要的意义。     

国外公司治理结构的模式和发展趋势

通过研究国外公司治理结构的模式的特点、利弊，分析国外公司治理结构的发展趋势，结合中国中小民营企业的特点，提出了建立中国中小民营企业治理结构的思路。     

句型转换的机器翻译理论模型与一些处理方法

自动分词和译文生成处理是混合式汉英机器翻译的两个重要阶段。本文主要工作有：第一，讨论了机器翻译的理论模型；第二，给出了一个自动分词算法，提出了一个初步消歧方法；第三，建立汉英机器翻译的时态转换及相关匹配规则。     

生态学视角下基于熵权可拓模型的山西省人才聚集预警研究

基于生态学的理论视角,结合熵权和物元可拓模型的相关理论,以山西省为例,从生态学的角度构建人才聚集预警的指标体系,建立人才聚集预警熵权可拓模型对山西省2006—2013年的人才预警状况进行实证分析,结果表明:山西省人才聚集处于中度预警状态,制度生态因子、社会生态因子、经济生态因子的推动作用促进山西省人才聚集预警度呈现转好的局面,文化生态因子和教育生态因子阻碍了人才聚集的平衡性发展,出现了向低等级转移的趋势。为防止山西人才聚集的非经济现象更加突出提供理论依据,为山西省人才聚集的良性发展提供参考性意见。     

对我国中小学体育教学模式的理论思考

着重对我国中小学体育教学模式进行理论探讨。提出了多视角、多样化、全方位的体育教学模式新格局,认为提高我国中小学体育教学整体水平的关键在于更新教育观念,建立一定的学说,确定“发展”的体育教学模式。     

From Retrieval Status Values to Probabilities of Relevance for Advanced IR Applications

Information Retrieval systems typically sort the result with respect to document retrieval status values (RSV). According to the Probability Ranking Principle, this ranking ensures optimum retrieval quality if the RSVs are monotonously increasing with the probabilities of relevance (as e.g. for probabilistic IR models). However, advanced applications like filtering or distributed retrieval require estimates of the actual probability of relevance. The relationship between the RSV of a document and its probability of relevance can be described by a normalisation function which maps the retrieval status value onto the probability of relevance (mapping functions). In this paper, we explore the use of linear and logistic mapping functions for different retrieval methods. In a series of upper-bound experiments, we compare the approximation quality of the different mapping functions. We also investigate the effect on the resulting retrieval quality in distributed retrieval (only merging, without resource selection). These experiments show that good estimates of the actual probability of relevance can be achieved, and that the logistic model outperforms the linear one. Retrieval quality for distributed retrieval is only slightly improved by using the logistic function.     

现实困顿之下的理性起步——2006年我国传媒经济学研究概述

本文主要通过对期刊文献的回顾分析,从学科本身、传媒产品、传媒组织行为、媒体市场结构、传媒产业结构、政策与规制等六个方面综述了2006年国内传媒经济研究的进展,并指出了不足和今后研究建议。