论中国个人名称标目的区分问题

中国人的姓氏具有姓氏数量相对于总人口的比例严重短缺、各汉字姓氏在人口中的实际分布严重失衡、取名用字高度集中等特点。在中文编目规范控制过程中对中国个人名称标目进行区分尤为重要。中国个人名称标目的区分问题包括对古代个人名称和现代个人名称标目形式的问题;标目附加成分选取标准的控制原则、附加成分类型的划分和属性的分析等。将文献计量学的概念引入规范控制研究领域,会进一步丰富编目规则修订工作的信息来源,有助于拓展规范控制的研究领域。参考文献12。     

Electric field manipulation enhanced by strong spin-orbit coupling: promoting rare-earth ions as qubits

Quantum information processing based on magnetic ions has potential for applications as the ions can be modified in their electronic properties and assembled by a variety of chemical methods. For these systems to achieve individual spin addressability and high energy efficiency, we exploited the electric field as a tool to manipulate the quantum behaviours of the rare-earth ion which has strong spin-orbit coupling. A Ce:YAG single crystal was employed with considerations to the dynamics and the symmetry requirements. The Stark effect of the Ce³⁺ ion was observed and measured. When demonstrated as a quantum phase gate, the electric field manipulation exhibited high efficiency which allowed up to 57 π/2 operations before decoherence with optimized field direction. It was also utilized to carry out quantum bang-bang control, as a method of dynamic decoupling, and the refined Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm. Our experiments highlighted rare-earth ions as potentially applicable qubits because they offer enhanced spin-electric coupling which enables high-efficiency quantum manipulation.     

Metal hydride work pair development and its application on automobile air conditioning systems

INTRODUCTION Metal hydrides are special alloys which absorb and desorb hydrogen reversibly. At room temperature, metal hydrides could absorb as much hydrogen as liquid hydrogen of the same volume under much lower pressure and much higher temperature (Güther and Otto, 1999). Massive reaction heat is generated accompanying this reaction, which could be used for waste heat recovery, solar energy utilization and re-frigeration with no side effect to environment (Izhvanov et al., 1996). Con…     

Lead soaps in paintings: Friends or foes?

The origin(s) and role(s) of metal soaps in paints are a worldwide concern today. These hybrid compounds, containing both fatty acid chains and metals associated with a carboxylate function, are increasingly identified in paints. As reviewed in the first part of this work, the presence of metal soaps in paints is differently interpreted in scientific publications: metal soaps are sometimes considered to play a positive role as anchor points, during paint drying processes; they can also be considered as responsible for many degradation processes (protrusions, efflorescences, darkening, etc.). Their origins are also interpreted in various ways. In some paintings (in particular from the twentieth century), they have sometimes introduced on purpose, as additives, to modify the physical properties of the painting materials. In older paintings, metal soaps are usually thought to result from an uncontrolled reaction of oil with lead-based pigments, in particular lead white, red lead, and lead tin yellow. In the second part of this work, the review of historical recipes of lead-based paint shows an important number of recipes based on controlled mixing of oil with lead driers. In the third part, the experimental reproduction of such traditional recipes using walnut oil and litharge (PbO) shows that lead soaps can be formed, both in about one hour at ～100°C, or in about one month at room temperature. It shows as well that after a few years, litharge is no longer detected in the paint medium, while different lead carbonates are. Finally, the micro-infrared spectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction re-analysis of protrusions from a nine-year model painting shows together with lead soaps, the presence of Pb₅(CO₃)₃(OH)₂O (‘synthetic plumbonacrite’), an unusual phase recently observed in a protrusion from a painting by Vincent Van Gogh. This work highlights (i) the multiple origins and roles of metal soaps in paints and (ii) the importance of combining the analysis of fragments from historical paintings with the analysis and reproduction of historical recipes. In particular, we show that the components detected today in historical paintings may severely differ from those originally used or prepared by the painter, complicating the assessment of the painter's intentions. More than the presence of metal soaps, the key questions to be tackled should be about their origins and (re)mobilization.     

金属离子对人体健康的影响综述

本文列举了近年来在生物无机化学及医学中的许多新研究的实例 ,讨论了在这些领域中金属离子为人类健康所带来的诸多裨益 ,但由于不适当的剂量也会带来祸根。     

湖南花垣和苏仙矿区重金属污染评价及优势植物富集研究

通过湖南花垣和苏仙两矿区野外踏查,数据检测Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd在两矿区相应植物土壤及植物中的含量及相关分析。结果表明：两矿区均受到Pb、Zn、Cd的污染。Pb元素在苏仙矿区是重污染,Zn对花垣矿区为中度污染,Cd对两矿区污染均为重污染,综合污染指数表明两矿区均为重污染。通过富集系数、转移系数、滞留率分析,发现14种优势植物表现出不同的吸收和富集特征,其中箬竹(Indocalamus tessella?tus)、油茶(Camellia oleifera)为富集型植物,菖蒲(Acorus calamus)、灯心草(Juncus effusus)、节节草(Equisetum ramosissimum)、毛萼莓(Rubus chroosepalus)、茅草(Imperata cylindrica)为根部囤积型植物,飞龙掌血(Todda?lia asiatica)为规避型植物。     

建立广西金属材料理化检测工程技术公共服务平台的设想

广西是有色金属之乡,是铝、稀土、铟、锡、铅、锌等有色金属原材料以及深加工产品的生产大省,随着中国-东盟经济带上升为国家战略,广西加快产业升级,实现产业集聚的要求越来越迫切。而快速的经济发展和迅猛的产业聚集,必然带来巨大的产品检测需求。因此需建立一个检测工程技术公共服务平台,利用工程检测中心先进的理化检测手段,统一为企业提供优质、高效的理化工程检测服务,帮助企业解决制约产业发展的重大工艺技术"瓶颈"问题,降低企业进入成本,实现特色及支柱产业做大做强,更好地建设一个创新型经济产业群。     

金属管浮子流量计智能检测控制系统研制

针对目前国内浮子流量计精度差、技术落后的现状,对传统浮子流量计实施技术改革,研制智能金属管浮子流量计检测控制系统,采用研华工控机IPC610硬件配以KingView组态王应用软件平台开发系统硬件结构和软件功能,实现了数据实时采集与处理,大大提高金属管浮子流量计的检测精度和稳定性。     

手性氨基酸对DNA链式聚合反应的影响

构成天然蛋白质的氨基酸为L构型,D构型氨基酸虽然不是构成蛋白质的基本结构单元,但许多植物、微生物甚至在人体中都有D-氨基酸的存在.DNA聚合酶链式反应广泛发生在生物体内及PCR实验中,首次探究手性氨基酸及其与金属离子协同条件下对Taq-DNA聚合酶催化下的DNA链式聚合反应的影响情况,为进一步研究手性氨基酸及金属离子对...     

污泥热水解产物中重金属对油麦菜生长的影响

研究了污泥热水解产物中四种重金属的形态分布,以及污泥热水解产物对植物生长的影响.结果表明,热水解过程中,Zn、Cu、Cd和Pb有84%～98%转移到固相中,并且在固相中主要以残渣态存在.污泥水解液促进了油麦菜生长,污泥水解泥饼则对油麦菜生长表现出抑制效果.