哲学在中世纪的存在与发展及其现代科学意义

在中世纪,哲学的存在与发展是哲学融于基督教神学又与之分离的过程,也是经验精神觉醒的过程,其结果就是哲学重获独立,同时经验精神完全确立,理性从神学转向自然。重获独立的哲学经过基督教神学的重铸,将自然纳入研究范围,获得了经验精神,形成近代自然哲学,为近代科学的形成奠定了直接基础,开辟了中世纪通向近现代的精神之路。     

Challenging Authority: Al-Balādhurī and al-Ṭabarī on Khārijism during the Reign of Muʿāwiya b. Abī Sufyān1

ABSTRACT

Khārijite resistance to Umayyad authority during the caliphate of Mu?āwiya b. Abī Sufyān (r. 661–680) is represented in detail in the works of the early Muslim scholars A?mad b. Ya?yā al-Balādhurī (d. c. 892) and Mu?ammad b. Jarīr al-?abarī (d. 923). While the Khārijites are overwhelmingly depicted by both authors as religious fanatics whose excessive piety caused widespread bloodshed and who thus should be condemned, a closer look reveals that Khārijites serve specific and distinct narrative purposes: al-Balādhurī uses them mainly to illustrate Umayyad tyranny, while al-?abarī addresses the consequences of Khārijite revolts for communal and imperial stability. The latter's work is also marked by a dichotomy between activist and quietist Khārijism, implying that al-?abarī is not so much opposed to Khārijism as a set of “heretic” religious ideas, but rather to its violent expression of politico-religious opposition.     

From Traders to Caliphs: Prosopography,Geography and the Marriages of Muḥammad's Tribe

ABSTRACT

When viewed prosopographically, the marriages of the Umayyad caliphs recorded within the Arabic genealogical literary tradition present us with a compelling insight into the evolution of the early Islamic polity. Following a brief outline of the methodology, this paper will then extract the marriages of the Umayyad caliphs and their sons and use these data to illustrate trends in marriage behaviour over the course of their dynastic reign. This will then be compared with the marriage behaviour of two other cohorts: those of Mu?ammad and the early Muslims, and those of the Quraysh of Mu?ammad's father's generation. By comparing the behaviour of these three groups we shall demonstrate the efficacy of the methodology and the accuracy of the source material and ultimately develop our narrative of Islamic history prior to the fall of the Umayyads.     

甘肃省少数民族地区中小学心理健康教育:问题、资源、模式与建议

采用问卷法,以甘肃省少数民族地区教育行政部门的领导、中小学校长和各年级班主任为调查对象,对甘肃省少数民族地区中小学心理健康教育进行调查。结果显示,甘肃省少数民族地区中小学心理健康教育在问题、资源与模式等几个维度上现状堪忧。根据调查结果,为甘肃省制订中小学心理健康教育指导意见提出六条建议:一是尽快制订甘肃省中小学心理健康教育政策;二是开展心理健康普查,建立学生心理档案;三是加大开展心理健康教育的经费投入力度;四是建立心理健康教育的有效模式;五是开展针对性强、内容丰富、形式多样的心理健康教育活动;六是积极探索适合心理健康教师教育和培训的有效途径。     

"野味与草木"——中古时期英格兰王室森林问题

英格兰王室森林区形成于诺曼王朝,亨利二世时代王室森林区的面积达到顶点,14世纪以后逐渐衰落。王室森林区不仅是国王的猎场,也是王室赚取利益之所在。由于国王以此侵占地方利益,因此地方与国王就此问题的博弈成为中古英格兰社会政治生活的重要组成部分。     

Middle leaders and middle leadership in schools: exploring the knowledge base (2003–2017)

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article is to explore the development of the knowledge base on middle leadership in schools. Since the seminal reviews conducted by Bennett a contemporary scan only of the scholarly literature on middle leaders/leadership in schools has not been undertaken. Consequently, this article looks at outputs relating to this topic by examining research papers indexed in the Web of Science and in SCOPUS between 2003 and 2017. The prime purpose of this review is to offer some reflections on the development of the empirical base on middle leadership in schools since 2003 and to highlight some of the implications for future research. The article concludes that middle leadership in schools remains an ongoing focus of research inquiry in a growing number of countries but suggests that the knowledge base would benefit from more sophisticated empirical studies and greater theoretical analysis.     

从苏联东欧的剧变谈无产阶级执政党的建设

苏联东欧剧变的过程警示着社会主义国家的共产党人，必须高度重视自身的思想建设、制度建设和作风建设。     

饶漱石与华东新区土地改革

1950-1952年,华东新区开展了土地改革运动。华东新区土改与北方老区土改相比显示出政策水平相对高一些的特点。在中共中央的指导下,中共中央华东局所采取的土改方针及处理地主阶级和与土地有关的工商业者的土地财产、保存富农经济、划分阶级成分、土改干部必须遵循的纪律、发展农业生产等方面的政策措施,是华东新区土改得以顺利推进和胜利结束的中心环节。当时,饶漱石担任中共中央华东局第一书记、华东军政委员会主席,华东新区土改是在他的领导下进行的。饶漱石在制定华东新区土改的方针政策措施和领导华东新区土改中做出了一定的贡献。饶漱石后来在“高饶反党联盟”事件中犯了严重的错误,中共中央对饶漱石所犯错误的处理是正确的,但饶漱石在领导华东新区土改中的贡献应该给予肯定。     

Operation Diplomat and Other Smuggling Stories

During the early years after the erection of the Berlin Wall in 1961, a number of smuggling operations from behind the Wall were executed, and the reports of them spread through the Western media. In the 1960s and early 1970s, the popular Swedish men’s magazines Lektyr and Fib Aktuellt published several exclusive photo reportages about such operations, providing Swedish readers with information about the East Germans’ desire to escape their country, and the West Germans’ willingness to assist. This article discusses the Swedish escape reports as examples of border crossing through their form as well as their content. It is analysed, how the escape reports published in Sweden both represented and generated border-crossing activity. The smuggling stories also illustrate the entangled character of popular print media: the travels of texts and pictures beyond national, cultural and lingual borders as well as travels between apposite publications. The material of the article consists of a total of ten reportages published in Lektyr and Fib Aktuellt between 1965–1966 and 1973.