语用标记语在语篇分析中的应用

为了研究语用标记语的应用,以一篇英文语篇实例作为研究对象,从语篇分析的角度讨论语用标记语在英语语篇构建与揭示人物心理变化的过程中发挥的作用,既为英语教学提供一种新的研究视角,也为提高学生的英语语用能力提供一条有效的途径。     

What does it take to become “one of us?” Redefining ethnic-civic citizenship using markers of everyday nationhood

In this study we examined what are the markers of immigrant naturalisation as seen from the perspectives of recipient nationals. Social markers are perceptual signposts that receiving nationals use in deciding whether a non-native born is a member of the destination country. In short, what should immigrants do in order to be accepted by receiving nationals as “one of us”. Cross national data on 20 indicators of “everyday nationhood” were collected from five countries – Singapore, Japan, Australia, Finland, and Canada. The markers highlight common dispositions, activities, or social norms that are associated with citizenship. Exploratory factor analysis in each sample consistently demonstrated a two-factor structure model that supports the contemporary ethnic-civic distinction, but the markers that make up each of the two dimensions vary between countries. No metric equivalence was found, and that the markers have culture-specific meanings. The framework offers a novel insight to intercultural relations. The results suggest that adaptation and social inclusion need to consider the norms and values practised in the recipient society, and how immigration may redefine intergroup boundaries.     

Molecular hydrogen is a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary disease

Molecular hydrogen exerts biological effects on nearly all organs. It has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects and contributes to the regulation of autophagy and cell death. As the primary organ for gas exchange, the lungs are constantly exposed to various harmful environmental irritants. Short- or long-term exposure to these harmful substances often results in lung injury, causing respiratory and lung diseases. Acute and chronic respiratory diseases have high rates of morbidity and mortality and have become a major public health concern worldwide. For example, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global pandemic. An increasing number of studies have revealed that hydrogen may protect the lungs from diverse diseases, including acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we highlight the multiple functions of hydrogen and the mechanisms underlying its protective effects in various lung diseases, with a focus on its roles in disease pathogenesis and clinical significance.     

从认知语用角度探讨话语标记语的语境构建功能

从认知语用观点出发,交际的过程也就是语境构建的过程,话语标记语在语境构建中起着明示导向与限制制约的作用,一方面明示认知假设,对语境构建具有提示功能;另一方面限制语境假设的选择,对语境构建具有制约作用,从而帮助听话人构建说话人所期待的认知语境,减少听话人在话语理解时花费的努力,获得说话人期待的语境效果。     

基于影视剧语料库的蒙古语话语标记标注初探

话语标记是处于句子之外表达程序意义、能对话语的理解起到引导作用的词、短语和习惯表达式。它们形式多样,功能复杂,多存在歧义而影响句法分析的效果。随着蒙古语语料库建设进入句法—语义分析阶段,话语标记研究为自动标注和消除歧义提供了丰富的语言知识资源。     

中国大学生英语书面语中对比性话语标记语的使用情况调查

研究采用对比英语国家母语使用者以及中国英语学习者书面英语语料的方法,调查了中国大学生在英语书面语中使用对比性话语标记语的总体倾向。本次研究涉及的语料是中国某知名大学英语专业四年级学生的10篇毕业论文以及从国外学术期刊上随机抽取的英语国家母语使用者所发表的10篇学术论文。研究结果表明,较之英语国家高水平的母语使用者,中国大学生在英语书面语中使用的对比性话语标记语具有口语化、简单化、使用位置固定化的特征。     

VDR,RXR, Coronin-1 and Interferonγ Levels in PBMCs of Type-2 Diabetes Patients: Molecular Link between Diabetes and Tuberculosis

Diabetes and tuberculosis are world’s most deadly epidemics. People suffering from diabetes are susceptible to tuberculosis. Molecular link between the two is largely unknown. It is known that Vitamin A receptor (RXR) heterodimerizes with Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-γ (PPARγ) to regulate Tryptophan-aspartate containing coat protein (TACO) expression and fatty acid metabolism respectively, so it would be interesting to check the expression of these genes in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients which might explain the susceptibility of diabetics to tuberculosis. In this study, we checked the expression of RXR, VDR, TACO and Interferon-γ (IFNγ) genes in type-2 DM patients for understanding the link between the two diseases. We observed down regulation of RXR gene and corresponding up regulation of TACO gene expression. We have not observed significant change in expression of VDR and IFNγ genes in type-2 DM patients. Repression of RXR gene could hamper VDR-RXR heterodimer formation and thus would up regulate TACO gene expression which may predispose the type-2 DM patients to tuberculosis. Also, decrease in RXR-PPARγ heterodimer could be involved in DM.     

《分子生物学》教学改革与实践新探

《分子生物学》是一门理论性和实践性较强的学科.通过实施优化教师队伍、教学内容、教学模式、理论与实践相结合和课程考核方式等一系列创新性教学改革手段,以达到强化大学生的理论知识和实验动手技能、提高其分析和解决问题的能力、培养创新性应用型人才的目的 .     

金丝桃素和β-环糊精结合常数的测定

采用微量热泳动法和分子荧光光谱法分别测定金丝桃素与β-环糊精的包合物和结合常数,并对实验数据进行Hill拟合.实验表明:β-环糊精对金丝桃素有一定程度的包合.两种方法测得的金丝桃素和β-环糊精包合物中金丝桃素、β-环糊精的分子个数比分别为1:5和1:7,微观解离常数KA分别为1.82ng·L-1和3.72ng·L-1,平衡解离常数Kd分别为76.92和1120.23.该方法快速、简便、试验结果相对可靠.     

A recessive gene controlling male sterility sensitive to short daylength/low temperature in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Utilization of a two-line breeding system via photoperiod-thermo sensitive male sterility has a great potential for hybrid production in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). 337S is a novel wheat male sterile line sensitive to both short daylength/low temperature and long daylength/high temperature. Five F₂ populations derived from the crosses between 337S and five common wheat varieties were developed for genetic analysis. All F₁’s were highly fertile while segregation occurred in the F₂ populations with a ratio of 3 fertile:1 sterile under short daylength/low temperature. It is shown that male sterility in 337S was controlled by a single recessive gene, temporarily designated as wptms3. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) coupled with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was applied to map the sterile gene using one mapping population. The wptms3 gene was mapped to chromosome arm 1BS and flanked by Xgwm413 and Xgwm182 at a genetic distance of 3.2 and 23.5 cM, respectively. The accuracy and efficiency of marker-assisted selection were evaluated and proved essential for identifying homozygous recessive male sterile genotypes of the wptms3 gene in F₂ generation.