少年男子标枪运动员的选材

本文探讨了我国少年标枪运动员的选材问题,对少年运动员的身体形态和身体素质进行了重点研究。     

四川早泥盆世植物群的研究

本文首次系统地记述了四川下泥盆统平驿铺组的植物化石，共计9属13种，其中包括一个新属 和三个新种。它们分属于苔藓植物(?)和早期维管植物的四大类(Rhyoiophytina、Zosterophyllo-phytina， Trimerophytina和Lycophytina)。根据植物组合的面貌，还讨论了平驿铺组的地质时代相当于欧洲的西根期(Siegenian)，并可能包括部分吉丁期(Gedinnian)和最早的埃姆斯期(Emsian)。     

维吾尔语柯坪土语动词的形态特征与标准语比较

柯坪土语是现代维吾尔语中的特殊土语或方言岛。通过分析最近获取的语料可知,由于音系处理方式上的差异和其他一些原因,柯坪土语在动词的无人称形式和体、态、人称、时、式等形态特征上,表现出与标准语和其他方言土语（包括和田方言）不同的很多特征。     

几种岩风属植物的形态学研究

本文对山东所产的几种岩风属植物从形态学方面进行了研究,作者认为该属植物的形态特征有重要的分类意义,山东无亚洲岩风和石防风的分布,所为石防负实际是香提,系前人对标本鉴定有所致。     

Automatic acquisition of inflectional lexica for morphological normalisation

Due to natural language morphology, words can take on various morphological forms. Morphological normalisation – often used in information retrieval and text mining systems – conflates morphological variants of a word to a single representative form. In this paper, we describe an approach to lexicon-based inflectional normalisation. This approach is in between stemming and lemmatisation, and is suitable for morphological normalisation of inflectionally complex languages. To eliminate the immense effort required to compile the lexicon by hand, we focus on the problem of acquiring automatically an inflectional morphological lexicon from raw corpora. We propose a convenient and highly expressive morphology representation formalism on which the acquisition procedure is based. Our approach is applied to the morphologically complex Croatian language, but it should be equally applicable to other languages of similar morphological complexity. Experimental results show that our approach can be used to acquire a lexicon whose linguistic quality allows for rather good normalisation performance.     

稻属叶表皮结构特征及其系统学意义

本文对稻属Oryza L. 23种植物叶片表皮的结构特征进行了观察和研究,结果表明:叶表皮的某 些性状,如在叶片脉带之间长细胞中乳突的大小和分布以及叶表皮气孔器上小乳突的数目和着生位置 在稻属的各种之间有着一定的变异规律,这在稻属各种的分类和其系统关系的研究中有一定的价值。 综合这些性状的变异特征,按照叶片下表皮脉间长细胞中乳突的大小和分布特征以及气孔器中小乳突 的数目和着生位置可将稻属这23个物种分为3组。第一组包括长颖野稻、马来野稻、疣粒野稻和颗粒 野稻,这些种的叶表皮脉间长细胞中没有大乳突和中乳突,仅偶见极稀疏分布的小乳突,气孔器中均无 小乳突。第二组包括短药野稻、二倍体和四倍体药用野稻、小粒野稻、紧穗野稻、斑点野稻、阔叶野稻、高 株野稻、大颖野稻、根茎野稻和澳洲野稻,这些种的叶表皮脉间长细胞中通常没有大、中乳突,但密布小 乳突,且大多数种的气孔器保卫细胞的近两端各有2个小乳突。第三组包括栽培稻、一年生普通野稻、 多年生普通野稻、长雄蕊野稻、展颖野稻、南方野稻、矮舌野稻、非洲栽培稻和希来特野稻,这些种的叶 表皮脉间的长细胞中常有大乳突、中乳突和小乳突,而气孔器保卫细胞的近两端各有2个明显的小乳 突,并同时常在气孔器副卫细胞的近内缘还有2～4个小乳突。     

Reading ability and sensitivity to morphological relations

The morpho-phonological nature of English orthography is examined in this study of the relation between morphological sensitivity and decoding ability in the latter elementary grades. Children in grades three to six were required to distinguish derivationally-related word pairs (e.g., nature-natural) from foil pairs that are related in spelling but not in morphology (e.g., ear-earth). The materials included both transparently-related (i.e., the second word incorporated the pronunciation of the first, as in person-personal) and complexly-related word pairs (i.e., the second word involved some change in pronunciation, as in atom-atomic). Across two experiments, these items were presented in either oral or written form along with various tests of reading ability, intelligence and phonological awareness. The results indicate that children's recognition of derivational relationships improved with grade-level. As anticipated, there was also a significant association between sensitivity to derivational relatedness and decoding ability which remains significant even when the word pairs were orally presented and even when phonological awareness in taken into account. Both phonological awareness and sensitivity to morphological structure emerge as important factors in decoding skill in the later elementary grades.     

野菊和甘菊的形态变异及其核型特征

本文从形态地理和细胞学角度对野菊Dendranthema indicum L．和甘菊D．lavandulifolium (Fisch．ex Trautv．)Ling et Shih的形态变异的规律和趋势，形态特征与核型特征的 联系以及野菊和甘菊的系统演化关系进行了研究。结果表明：无论从形态特征或从核型特征看，野菊和甘菊都是多型种，且两者之间没有直接的演化关系；根据对各类群形态特征和核型特征的比较，作者认为，杂交在野菊和甘菊多倍体起源及其核型进化过程中起着十分重要的作用。     

《诗经》叠字分析

在汉语发展史上，先秦西周时期是汉语词汇由以单音节为主向以双音节为主开始过渡的重要发展阶段。《诗经》中由单音节重叠而构成的双音节叠字的大量使用正可以体现这一特点。《诗经》的叠字具有鲜明的特色，不仅为作品传情达意起到很大作用，也反映出我国上古时期汉语词汇运用灵活、意蕴丰富的特点。     

大鼠烟雾吸入伤早期细胞内,外肺表面活性物质含量的变化

观察了烟雾吸入后大鼠细胞内、外肺表面活性物质（ＰＳ）含量的变化及可能机理．分别检测了正常对照及烟雾致伤大鼠伤后２、６、１２和２４ｈ的动脉血气、肺水量、血浆内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）含量、支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）和肺匀浆总磷脂（ＴＰＬ）含量、肺组织内板层体（ＬＢ）表达及肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞内ＬＢ平均数等．结果发现：动物伤后出现急性呼吸衰竭和严重肺水肿;血浆ＥＴ－１和ＢＡＬＦ中ＴＰＬ进行性升高,二者相关显著;肺组织和全肺ＴＰＬ显著降低,ＬＢ表达及ＬＢ平均数明显减少,且与肺组织ＴＰＬ的变化明显相关．提示烟雾吸入伤早期肺泡腔中细胞外ＰＳ增加,ＥＴ－１在介导ＰＳ持续分泌中可能有重要作用;细胞内及全肺ＰＳ减少,除分泌亢进外,可能还有合成障碍和（或）降解增加