The Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviour in Sport Scale: Further evidence for construct validity and reliability

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to provide further evidence for the construct validity (i.e., convergent, concurrent, and discriminant validity) of the Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviour in Sport Scale (PABSS), an instrument that has four subscales measuring prosocial and antisocial behaviour toward teammates and opponents. We also investigated test-retest reliability and stability of the PABSS. We conducted three studies using athletes from a variety of team sports. In Study 1, participants (N = 129) completed the PABSS and measures of physical and verbal aggression, hostility, anger, moral identity, and empathy; a sub-sample (n = 111) also completed the PABSS one week later. In Study 2, in addition to the PABSS, participants (N = 89) completed measures of competitive aggressiveness and anger, moral attitudes, moral disengagement, goal orientation, and anxiety. In Study 3, participants (N = 307) completed the PABSS and a measure of social goals. Across the three studies, the four subscales evidenced the hypothesised relationships with a number of variables. Correlations were large between the two antisocial behaviours and small between the two prosocial behaviours. Overall, the findings supported the convergent, concurrent, and discriminant validity of the scale, provided evidence for its test-retest reliability and stability, and suggest that the instrument is a valid and reliable measure of prosocial and antisocial behaviour in sport.     

Recent Developments in Measurement and Possible Applications to the Measurement of Psychomotor Behavior

Abstract

Elementary physical education instructors and movement development clinicians frequently employ movement observation as their primary assessment strategy. The purpose of this study was to determine the minimal conditions of observation needed to obtain generalizable results across observers, trials, and subjects for the hop, jump, and run. The developmental sequences developed at Michigan State University were used as the observation system. Twelve children in the age range of 33–111 months were rated on five trials by 15 observers. The sample consisted of an equal number of males and females and did not involve children with handicapping conditions. The results suggest that when observers receive 1 hour of training for each skill, one observer and three trials are needed for evaluating the hop (.88), while three observers and three trials are required for the jump (.83). None of the nine measurement conditions resulted in acceptable (.80) generalizability for the run.     

第14届田径世界锦标赛竞技实力剖析

第14届田径世界锦标赛经过9天的角逐落下了帷幕.本文通过采用数理统计法、对比分析法以参赛国家、运动项目为研究对象,对后奥运时期世界田径格局进行分析,研究发现：欧洲竞技实力扩大、获金牌国家数量明显增多,优势项目突出;俄罗斯虽打破美国垄断,夺回第一,但美国整体实力不容小觑;牙买加黑色旋风继续点亮赛场,非洲长跑项目集团作战能力强大,大洋洲与亚洲整体实力明显薄弱,差距明显.     

利用Excel数组公式实现学生成绩快速统计

从数据源、统计项目的建立,公式的输入、公式的解释等方面,介绍了如何利用Excel数组公式处理学生成绩,实现自动化和动态统计。     

关于考试科学化问题

论述考试的功能和考试科学化在教育改革中的重大意义，介绍科学命题的原则和方法，列举常见题型并阐明它们各自的特点和命题技巧，强调对考试项目——试题信度、效度、难度、区分度进行分析的必要性并提供分析的方法。     

政治课程实施点点落实谈

中学政治课程实施必须点点落实。落实教学目标，把握知识点和德育点；完善教学过程，精心设置起点和终点；提高教学实效，瞄准重点，突破难点；培养思维创新能力，发现热点，关注焦点。     

学术团队:学科建设的关键--本科教育教学改革探索之四

学科建设是高校专业建设的基础;新办本科高校的学科建设应从学科研究方向抓起,以立项方式组建学术攻关团队是建设重点学科的重要途径.     

Multiple-choice tests, negative marks and an alternative

I analyse various schemes of negative marking for tests consisting of multiple-choice questions and propose a scheme that reduces the impact of random guessing. I also propose an alternate style of multiple-choice questions, where each question may have several correct answers and the candidate is required to tick all correct answers in order to get credit.     

挑战与应对:取消考试大纲后大规模教育考试命题的测量学考量

在"不再制定考试大纲"的条件下,根据课程标准命题是今后高考、中考等大规模教育考试工作的常态。文章首先从知识、能力、功能和质量四个角度,具体讨论了取消考试大纲所面临的命题挑战,然后从课程标准的操作性解读、现代教育测量模型的中国化处理、命题团队的建设与培养、题库建设四个方面,提出了取消考试大纲后大规模教育考试命题的具体建议。     

CALIS与国家图书馆丛编项著录的差异分析

在编目规则国际化的趋势下,统一编目著录规则已经成为国内编目界的当务之急。目前,CALIS和中国国家图书馆两家中心馆的编目著录规则存在一些不同,一些有识之士已经对此提出己见,但却遗漏了丛编项著录的差异。尤其是当丛编项作为重要的著录项时,它选取、使用的字段及著录的信息等方面的差异更为严重,给书目数据检索、共建共享带来了不便。因此,CALIS和国家图书馆应该统一思想,争取早日制订出统一的编目规则。