How can science connect with and contribute to conservation? Recommendations and reflections

This paper reports the conclusions and recommendations of the working group that synthesized the discussions on ‘How can science connect with and be of greater benefit to conservation practice?’ during the ICCROM Forum on Conservation Science. The author reflects on these findings from her own perspective and experiences, and places them in the context of two major shifts in heritage research: the first, a shift in focus from conserving materials to managing meaning. The second, a shift in organizational structures from single, centrally funded heritage institutions towards diffuse networks which include new players who have no direct responsibility towards heritage. Both shifts are taking place in an environment of decreased funding and increased accountability to society. Science and conservation connect and contribute to each other most effectively if they together contribute to the societal benefits of heritage. In this regard, heritage science strategies can stimulate collaboration, and direct science and conservation towards innovative, applicable outcomes. Moreover, they can promote a transdisciplinary approach which connects social, economic and business sciences and stakeholders. They should also ensure the creation of sustainable nodes for consolidating knowledge within these dynamic networks.     

机会网络中节点协作的Epidemic路由算法

Epidemic路由算法是一种多副本路由算法,在资源受限的情况下,会由于无限制的洪泛使得网络中存有大量的消息副本,消耗大量网络资源,导致网络性能下降。针对Epidemic路由算法中存在的问题,提出一种基于节点协作的Epidemic路由算法,该算法通过节点间相互的协作和一定策略抑制网络中副本数多的消息的转发机会,提高副本数少的消息的转发机会,进而控制网络中总的消息副本的增长,以此保证消息转发公平性和较好的网络性能。仿真结果表明,与传统的Epidemic路由算法和Prophet路由算法相比,该路由算法能显著提高消息的交付率,减少消息传输延迟和路由开销,有效提高了网络总体性能。     

基于模糊控制的智能变频空调控制系统研究

通过神经网络和模糊控制技术的结合,实现了模糊神经网络控制器FNNC和神经网络预测器NNP的结构设计。该设计可以提高压缩机的控制精度,加强控制系统的适应性,实现压缩机的智能化。     

金代泰山文士交游考

金代泰山及周边地区文化昌达,涌现出大量文人学士。这些文士依籍贯和活动区域不同可大致划分为本地型、周边型和活动型三大类。通过诗酒酬唱、畅游山林、臧否人物等方式,泰山文士构筑了广泛的社会交往网络;与女真贵族、外地文士、道教人士的交往拓展了泰山文士社交网络的空间。泰山文士交游网络的构建与拓展不仅有利于北方各地区的民族融合与社会信息交流对于传承并发展泰山文化亦有重要作用。     

Social capital in the classroom: a study of in-class social capital and school adjustment

Social capital is generally considered beneficial for students’ school adjustment. This paper argues that social relationships among pupils generate social capital at both the individual and the class levels, and that each has its unique effect on pupils’ performance and well-being. The sample in this study consists of 1036 children in 60 first-grade classes in 46 Dutch elementary schools. Multilevel regression results show that a substantial proportion of the variance in school adjustment can be attributed to the class level and that both individual-level and classroom-level social capital have substantial effects on school adjustment. At the individual level, the size of one’s network is more important than its structure. At the collective level, social capital also has a ‘dark side’ because it can have negative effects on adjustment, lowering the academic performance in a class.     

Significant networks and meaningful conversations observed in the first-round applicants for the Teachers’ Academy at a research-intensive university

The University of Helsinki established a Teachers’ Academy to reward excellence in teaching. This study focuses on teachers’ significant networks and their meaningful conversations about teaching and learning before the establishment of the Teachers’ Academy. The research data consisted of answers to open-ended questions, and were examined using social network analysis. The teachers’ network consisted of significant relations with (1) colleagues and other teachers, (2) peers in pedagogical courses and pedagogical experts, (3) students, and (4) family members and friends. The conversations with different parties varied in nature, content and the level of confidentiality.     

Conditions for mental health in education: Towards relational practice

There are concerns globally about the emotional wellbeing and mental health of young people and in this paper a critical orientation comprises both theoretical and empirical data sources. The case is made that (1) the medical model of mental health – that of problem identification, diagnosis and medical treatment at the level of the individual – is not appropriate for the vast majority of children and young people in schools and (2) relational approaches would be more sensitive in responding to the complexity of the ‘conditions’ in the schools, homes and communities in which young people live. Articulations of these conditions in the literature are explored while we also draw on empirical data from part of an evaluation of a school-based teacher-training programme in which interviewees and respondents mapped out their own conditions for emotional wellbeing and mental health. We conclude with proposals for relational approaches which (1) acknowledge the links between affect, cognition and school climate and culture, (2) foreground mental health and poverty as impacting on young people’s emotional wellbeing in their communities, families and schools and (3) attend to voice – providing spaces in which young people can develop their own ‘preferred narratives’ concerning emotional wellbeing and mental health.     

Unpacking (un)conscious social class bias in faculty hiring processes in Chile: PhD prestige granting university and network

Social class of origin is apparently an imperceptible attribute among doctorate holders seeking academic jobs. Yet, recent studies in different countries reveal that social class of origin may still be influencing the chances of PhD holders from low social class being hired at prestigious universities. Drawing from the theory of social and cultural reproduction, normative ‘fair’ academic hirings frameworks, and qualitative evidence collected in Chile, this research identifies the mechanisms that trigger (un)conscious social class bias in the stages of recruitment and selection of candidates in seven academic departments in economics and industrial engineering (46 interviews). Findings did not prove explicit classism manifestations, but practices of inclusion/exclusion of candidates based on the prestige of PhD-granting universities, and networks. These reproduce the relationship between social class and unequal chances of being connected to prestigious universities. Recommendations to address (un)conscious social class bias in academic hiring are discussed.     

铀矿边坡稳定性的支持向量回归分析

简要介绍了基于统计学习理论的支持向量机回归(SVR)原理,针对边坡稳定性影响因素的复杂性,结合实例运用SVR技术构建了铀矿边坡稳定性的支持向量回归预报模型,并利用网格搜索与留一交叉验证方法(LOOCV)优化模型参数。研究表明,在小样本条件下,SVR预报模型对训练样本的计算值与实测值平均相对误差(MRE)为0.045967%,相对均方误差(MSRE)为0.046371%,拟合值(VOF)为1.999995765,相关系数(R)为0.9984,均比人工神经网络方法的相应指标值要小,说明支持向量回归方法是一种科学有效的矿山边坡稳定性的分析方法。     

What Tahrir Square Has Done for Social Media: A 2012 Snapshot in the Struggle for Political Power in Egypt

While the debate rages on the role of social media technologies in the initial days of the Egyptian revolution of 2011, a more relevant research question today is the role of social media within an increasingly contested and turbulent political sphere. This article identifies three key modes by which social media is being exploited to impact political power, and uncovers the salience of each of these through 2 years of multisited ethnographies and interviews. First, I argue that political actors across the political spectrum, from liberals to Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan), are using technologies to build wider ranging, heterogeneous, and diverse networks of supporters, expanding their base from a more historically homogeneous core support group. Second, I argue that actors are working to build bridges between older and newer media platforms, recognizing that each platform is increasingly being shaped by the other. Finally, I describe some of the ways that technology is being used by activists to subvert their competition, promoting campaigns of misinformation and hacking at the expense of others.