一类特殊完全r-部图的邻强边染色

研究了一类特殊完全r-部图K(r,n,n,…,n,n-1)的邻强边染色.证明了当m r≡0(m od2)时,有x'as(K(r,n,n,…,n,n-1))=n(r-1).     

组态软件实时数据库系统研究及设计

利用Windows的DLL(动态连接库)和全局共享内存技术来建立系统实时数据库的设计思想,采取传统数据库系统、文件系统和内存数据库系统兼用,利用多种存储介质来构造系统的实时数据库系统,并通过给用户提供一套接口标准——实时数据库系统接口,来实现I/O驱动程序与用户程序和实时数据库系统间的高速数据传递。     

Dynamic Stackelberg games under open-loop complete information

Stackelberg games, which play extremely important roles in such fields as economics, management, politics and behavioral sciences, can be modelled as a bilevel optimization problem. There exist extensive literatures about static bilevel optimization problems. However, the studies on dynamic bilevel optimization problems are rather scarce in spite of the importance in explaining and predicting some phenomena rationally. In this paper, discrete time dynamic Stackelberg games with open loop complete state are revisited. An example, which comes from law field, is presented as an open-loop Stackelberg game to illuminate the rangy application of game theory. A property based on Bellman's equation is proposed without any restriction about inner point solution for open-loop Stackelberg games in this work. Moreover, we point out that open-loop Stackelberg games perform no better than both feedback and closed-loop dynamic Stackelberg games with complete information, which seems quite valuable to explain some social and economic phenomena.     

Universities as partners in U.S. research joint ventures

This paper investigates the conditions when a research joint venture (RJV) will involve a university as a research partner. We hypothesize that larger RJVs are more likely to invite a university to join the venture as a research partner than smaller RJVs because larger ventures are less likely to expect substantial additional appropriability problems to result because of the addition of a university partner and because the larger ventures have both a lower marginal cost and a higher marginal value from university R&D contributions to the ventures’ innovative output. We test this hypothesis using data from the COoperative REsearch (CORE) database, and those data confirm the hypothesis.     

The value of innovation: The interaction of competition, R&D and IP

This paper analyses market valuations of UK companies using a new data set of their R&D and IP activities (1989-2002). In contrast to previous studies, the analysis is conducted at the sectoral-level, where the sectors are based on the technological classification originating from Pavitt [Pavitt, K., 1984. Sectoral patterns of technical change. Research Policy 13, 343-373]. The first main result is that the valuation of R&D varies substantially across these sectors. Another important result is that, on average, firms that receive only UK patents tend to have no significant market premium. In direct contrast, patenting through the European Patent Office does raise market value, as does the registration of trade marks in the UK for most sectors. To explore these variations the paper links competitive conditions with the market valuation of innovation. Using profit persistence as a measure of competitive pressure, we find that the sectors that are the most competitive have the lowest market valuation of R&D. Furthermore, within the most competitive sector (‘science based’ manufacturing), firms with larger market shares (an inverse indicator of competitive pressure) also have higher R&D valuations, as well as some positive return to UK patents. We conclude that this evidence supports Schumpeter by finding higher returns to innovation in less than fully competitive markets and contradicts Arrow [Arrow, K., 1962. Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention. In: Nelson, R. (Ed.), The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity. Princeton University Press, Princeton], who argued that, with the existence of IP rights, competitive market structure provides higher incentives to innovate.     

中国木犀属小志

In the present paper a new species, Osmanthus gracilinervis Chia ex R. L. Lu, is described from Guangxi.  The new species is also distributed in Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Hunan and Sichuan.  Based on the analysis of a great deal of specimens, eight spe- cies, i.e. Osmanthus corymbosus H. W. Li, O. longispermus H. T. Chang, O. angustifolius H. T. Chang, O. triandrus H. T. Chang, O. longicarpus H. T. Chang, O. omeiensis Fang ex H. T. Chang, O. nanchuanensis H. T. Chang and 0. cylindricus H. T. Chang, are reduced as the synonyms of O. marginatus (Champ. ex Benth.)  Hemsl. var. marginatus. O. longissimus H. T. Chang and O. pachyphyllus H. T. Chang are respectively reduced to varieties of O. marginatus, i.e.O.  marginatus var. longissimus (H.T. Chang) R. L. Lu and var. pachy- phyllus (H. T.Chang) R. L. Lu.  And finally O. maximus H. T. Chang is treated in this paper as a synonym of O. matsumuranus Hayata.     

美国国家标准职业分类系统的发展概况及对我国的启示

本文主要介绍了美国国家的职业分类系统的现状，回顾了美国国家标准的职业分类系统的发展历史、修订原则和方法，新职业分类系统的特点以及用途，以及在建立美国国家通用的标准职业信息系统时所作的努力。最后，本文结合美国职业分类系统的经验，提出《中华人民共和国职业分类大典》的修订工作应广泛征求修订意见，邀请社会各界参与；重视科学统一的职业分类标准的制定；加强职业分类实证资料的收集；积极采取有效措施，以保证职业分类系统的持续更新。     

The quality vs. the quantity of schooling: What drives economic growth?

This paper challenges Hanushek and Woessmann's (2008) contention that the quality and not the quantity of schooling determines a nation's rate of economic growth. I first show that their statistical analysis is flawed. I then show that when a nation's average test scores and average schooling attainment are included in a national income model, both measures explain income differences, but schooling attainment has greater statistical significance. The high correlation between a nation's average schooling attainment, cumulative investment in schooling, and average tests scores indicates that average schooling attainment implicitly measures the quality as well as the quantity of schooling.