Accounting for quality: arts evaluation,public value and the case of “Culture counts”

Arts policy has a longstanding relationship with the concept of “quality” and the ways in which organisations measure, evaluate and account for it. Culture Counts, an evaluation system and digital platform, compiles data from standardised evaluation surveys of different stakeholder groups – organisations, audiences, critics, funders and peers – and provides the means to compare and triangulate data in an accessible format. As a result, it claims to provide a more effective, democratic tool for quality measurement of art, which demonstrates the public value of funding [Department of Culture and the Arts, & Knell, J. (2014). Public value measurement framework: Measuring the quality of the arts. Perth: Department of Culture and the Arts.]. Through qualitative research with two consortia of organisations involved in Culture Counts pilot projects in Manchester, England and Victoria, Australia, we explore these claims, comparing the reception and promotion of the system in both countries and considering its potential incorporation into policy assessment frameworks and adoption within arts organisations’ existing evaluation capacities.     

基于Preker-Harding模型的大型公共体育场馆事业单位体制改革模式评价

采用典型案例调查法、专家访谈法,借鉴Preker-Harding模型理论对我国大型公共体育场馆事业单位管理体制改革模式进行评价。结果显示,我国事业单位场馆管理体制改革模式可总结为体制内部改革模式、事业单位企业化管理改革模式、企事业并轨改革模式、BCO改革模式、"事转企"改革模式、事业单位委托管理模式6种。结合Preker-Harding 模型设计了评价的8个纬度。分析认为,体制内部改革模式、事业单位企业化管理改革模式属于事业单位自主化运营模式,企事业并轨改革模式、BCO改革模式属于管理机构法人化模式,"事转企"改革模式属于企业法人模式,事业单位委托管理模式属于委托法人化模式。4种模式在政府作为所有者和监管者方面的职能不同,未来我国事业场馆改革目标和思路是分类改革,改革方向的近期目标是采用事业单位企业化管理模式,中期发展目标是借鉴BCO管理改革模式,长期发展目标是完善委托管理模式。     

Experiences of teacher evaluation systems on high school physical education programs

Primary objective: Teacher evaluation is being revamped by policy-makers. The marginalized status of physical education has protected this subject area from reform for many decades, but in our current era of system-wide, data-based decision-making, physical education is no longer immune. Standardized and local testing, together with structured observation measures, are swiftly being mandated in the USA as required elements of teacher evaluation systems in an effort to improve school programs and student achievement. The purpose of this investigation was to document how this reform was initiated and the experiences of teachers, students and administrators, from three high school physical education programs, during initiation of this reform. Documenting how physical education programs respond to such reforms develops our understanding of top-down reform efforts and helps to identify conditions under which such reforms have the intended effect on physical education teachers and student learning in physical education.

Theoretical framework: Fullan’s three phases of school change has been used to analyze and guide school change efforts in several subject areas including physical education. The phases are initiation, implementation and institutionalization. This study is situated primarily within the first phase of school change, the initiation phase.

Methods and procedures: This study took place over a 21-month period in 3 suburban school districts in a northeast metropolitan area of the USA. Interviews with district physical education administrators, high school physical education teachers and students were conducted. Field notes of physical education classes, informal interviews and related artifacts including pre- and post-physical education assessments were collected. To ensure trustworthiness, several steps were taken including member checks, triangulation and peer review. The data were analyzed to find common themes and patterns using the constant comparative method.

Results: Several themes emerged: (1) changes in curriculum and assessment; (2) effect on administrators; (3) stakeholder apathy and (4) department collaboration.

Conclusion: Changes, although minor, did take place in the wake of this top-down teacher reform; however, additional research needs to be completed to determine whether or not these changes are meaningful or long lasting.     

Evaluating quality of implementation in physical activity interventions based on theories of motivation: current challenges and future directions

The evidence base pointing towards the maladaptive health consequences of an inactive lifestyle highlights the need for interventions that are effective in changing and maintaining physical activity behaviours. Theories of motivation are frequently applied to inform the content and delivery of such interventions. Systematic monitoring and evaluation of the quality of intervention implementation is therefore an important step in understanding if and how theories of motivation can be adopted and effectively applied to promote and/or sustain physical activity behaviours. However, intervention implementation quality in studies that aim to apply motivation theory to promote physical activity is often under-reported. The purpose of this article is, first, to review contemporary approaches used to monitor and evaluate intervention implementation; we outline the degree to which these methods have been used effectively in research concerned with applying theories of motivation to impact physical activity behaviours. Second, we identify and discuss specific challenges in effectively measuring quality of implementation faced by researchers who adopt a motivation theory basis to their work. Finally, recommendations for methods to monitor and evaluate intervention implementation in future trials aiming to promote physical activity based on theories of motivation are also proposed.     

西部大开发战略实施的转型升级效果评价*--采用合成控制法对技术进步和生态环境保护的考察

从技术进步和生态环境保护两方面切入,运用合成控制法对我国西部大开发战略实施的转型升级效果进行评价,分析结果表明：在技术进步方面,自西部大开发战略以来,西部地区总体的全要素生产率（TFP ）要高于合成西部地区,2000—2013年西部地区TFP 的年均增长率也高于合成西部地区,西部大开发战略的实施总体上促进了西部地区TFP的提高;在生态环境方面,西部地区的废气排放强度在2005年开始低于合成西部地区,废水排放强度在2010年开始低于合成西部地区,而固体废物排放强度持续高于合成西部地区,西部大开发战略的实施对西部地区生态环境的影响有正面的,也有负面,总体上看是积极的。进一步考虑生态环境的外部性及“中部崛起”和“振兴东北老工业基地”战略的实施等因素,西部大开发战略的实施对西部地区经济发展的转型升级是具有促进作用的。     

模糊聚类在学生综合素质评价上的应用

在现行的教育过程中,对学生的管理也是一门科学,教师在教学过程中,不应该仅仅是传授知识,而应该运用科学的方法教育学生,往往将传授知识和管理相结合的教学方法能做到事半功倍的效果。本文针对现行的教育,运用模糊聚类的思想,根据学生成绩将学生分类,以便在教学管理中,根据不同阶段的学生提出不同的教学要求和选取不同的教学、辅导方法,以全面提高学生的综合素质。     

高职院校学生实践技能学习质量评价指标体系的构建——以宁夏民族职业技术学院机电一体化专业为例

文章以机电一体化专业为例,依据人才培养目标进行专业建设,在明确机电一体化专业职业岗位能力的基础上,构建了以工作过程考核为原则的学生实践技能学习质量评价体系,以求实现教师的教学与学生职业能力的培养达成实效,促进学生职业技能水平的提高。     

教师主体责任对大学生体育素质测评诚信影响的实证研究*

通过建立高校体育素质测诚信博弈模型,就教师主体责任对大学生体育素质测评诚信影响进行了实证研究。结果表明,影响大学生体育素质测评诚信的主要原因是学生自评、互评、早操及课外活动测评的不良后果和高校教师的主体责任。创建了教师主体责任意识与大学生体育诚信素养之间的联系,并在此基础上建立博弈架构的模型,这是以教师是否注重责任导向还是利益导向为基础的。就博弈模型理论分析而言,未落实主体责任,教师监督选择将从利益最大化向成本最小化转变,纳什均衡从作弊、不严格监督向不作弊、严格监考改变。最后提出落实高校教师主体责任提高学生体育素质测评诚信,包括落实高校教师在体育素质测评过程中的主体责任,降低大学生体育素质测评诚信问题的负面作用,提供大学生诚信价值观教育的主体力量及良好基础性条件。     

青少年身体活动发展评价模型的构建及其优化治理对策*

充分重视青少年身体健康,提升青少年身体机能素质是当前教育教学部门开展青少年身体活动的核心目标。围绕青少年身体素质的影响要素,构建青少年身体活动发展评价模型,从青少年身体活动发展自我影响要素和外部影响要素入手,分析影响青少年身体活动发展的要素,并在综合评价基础上提出青少年身体活动发展优化治理的对策。     

2020-2021赛季CBA职业联赛后卫攻防能力的综合评价研究

以2020-2021赛季CBA常规赛后卫球员的攻防能力作为研究对象,对后卫球员的主要攻防指标进行因子分析,构建了后卫球员攻防能力的综合评价模型。结果显示:后卫球员攻防能力主要受投篮稳定能力、三分能力、地面攻防能力和空中对抗能力的影响;通过评价模型得出的后卫球员攻防能力综合得分及排序,与球员的综合实力和比赛表现趋于一致。