MOOCs与远程教育运行机制的比较研究

随着MOOCs（大规模开放在线课程）的兴起,各界对其与远程教育的关注逐渐升温。从在线教育运行机制的角度．对MOOCs和现有远程教育运行机制进行对比分析：首先选用比较分析研究法,提出对比指标项的选择依据．选取MOOCs的三个典型机构——Coursera、edx和Udacity以及远程教育的代表机构——英国开放大学和中国国家开放大学作为比较对象。其次从总体规划设计、教学环境、资源建设、师资发展、支持服务、教育管理与质量保证、成本效益和盈利模式、社会认可等八个方面,逐一比较MOOCs与现有的远程教育运行机制。结果表明,MOOCs在运行机制方面的探索将给远程教育的发展以新的启示．体现在MOOCs借助“名校、名师、名课”效应,增加课程的影响力;采用“高校加盟、统一平台、统一制作”的协同运作方式;运行主体由传统的教育机构转变为公司等。另一方面。MOOCs仅以名校声誉作为质量保障的基础。缺乏有效的学习支持服务,也不具备系统、完整的教学管理体系。所以,更为成熟的远程教育则能够为MOOCs的进一步发展提供丰富的经验。     

关于“光源非单色性对干涉条纹的影响”的几个问题的探讨

光波波长连续分布与不连续分布对干涉条纹的影响不同,应区别分析;在杨氏双缝干涉实验中,由于光源的非单色性而引起的干涉条纹位移极小,肉眼不可分辨,因此以杨氏双缝干涉实验为例去谈光源的非单色性对干涉条纹的影响是不恰当的.     

在线协作学习过程中社会临场感的社会网络分析

已有的研究和实践证明,社会临场感有助于降低学习者在线学习过程中的孤独感、提升学习满意度和促进虚拟学习社区的建立。社会临场感与交互的关系十分密切,以往研究者主要借助内容分析方法或调查问卷来分析两者之间的关系,注重测量个体的意见和主观的感知,但无法反映社会临场感随时间发展变化的动态特征。社会网络分析(SNA)的中心度、密度、中心势、派系等参数能够较为合理地表征在线协作学习中师生的交互过程特征,为研究这一问题提供了新的思路。通过对一门网络课程实施期初、期中和期末三个阶段师生在线论坛中的交互过程与行为进行定量和可视化的社会网络分析,结果显示:学习者在不同学习阶段的社会临场感存在显著差异,交互和社会临场感之间具有十分紧密的联系,个体的社会临场感会随时间的发展而变化。社会网络分析有助于理解在线学习环境中社会临场感的形成和发展变化,有助于教师改进教学,提升网络教学的质量。     

微群网络学习共同体的实践探索

社会性建构理论倡导和支持在一定的社会文化情境脉络之中实现知识的流动、生产和创生,如何利用社会化网络建构学习共同体成为研究的热点问题之一。微群是随着Web2.0而兴起的一类开放的互联网社交服务社群,具有内容的微型化与简明性、操作方式的多样化与便捷性、交流的时效性与临场感等特征,可以多渠道地使隐性知识显性化、便捷地将海量碎片信息重组并提供良好的应用程序接口,实现软件功能移植。河南师范大学以"数字媒体技术导论"课程内容为主题,通过13周、三轮行动研究法,进行基于微群的网络学习共同体实践,发现利用微群进行学习,能发挥教师主导和学习者主体作用,激发学习者学习兴趣,加深学习者对知识的理解,促进成员之间的情感交流,培养个人协作学习、自我管理、问题探究等方面的能力。     

在线教师专业发展新理路：英国“学习设计支持环境项目”的探索与启示*

在线合作与反思成为教师专业发展的重要途径,具有显著的生态性效应、经济性和可持续性优势。英国伦敦大学教育学院承担的学习设计支持环境项目是对在线教师专业发展的一次成功探索,取得了良好的社会效益。作者概括了该项目的研究背景,整理了其探索内容和路径,分析了其理念以及对我国在线教师专业发展研究和实践的意义和启示。     

构建外贸业务决策系统

介绍了基于数据仓库的外贸业务分析决策系统的设计与实施、与此项目相关的技术背景和实施必要基础、基于数据仓库的外贸业务分析决策系统的体系结构及各部分功能.讨论了如何利用数据仓库来实施决策支持系统及数据仓库、联机分析处理和数据挖掘技术在外贸业务分析决策系统中的应用.     

Exploring adverse drug reactions of diabetes medicine using social media analytics and interactive visualizations

The aim of this study is to propose an automatic and real-time social media analytics framework with interactive data visualizations to support effective exploration of knowledge about adverse drug reaction (ADR) surveillance. This proposed framework has been prototypically implemented on the basis of social media data. A longitudinal diabetes patient online community data (AskaPatient.com) as well as FDA Adverse Event Reporting Systems (FAERS) data as a benchmark were used to evaluate our proposed approach’s performance. Based on the results, our approach significantly increases the precision and accuracy for ADR extraction. The number of ADR cases, the time when the ADRs occurred, and the rating of Glucophage have been visualized that resulted by mining a collection of 870 ADRs posted in Askapatents.com over a certain time period (from 2001 to 2015). The results have important implications for pharmaceutical companies and hospitals wishing to monitor ADRs of medicines.     

Can we trace back hotel online reviews’ characteristics using gamification features?

Gamification is here to stay, and tourism and hospitality online review platforms are taking advantage of it to attract travelers and motivate them to contribute to their websites. Yet, literature in tourism is scarce in studying how effectively is users’ behavior changing through gamification features. This research aims at filling such gap through a data-driven approach based on a large volume of online reviews (a total of 67,685) collected from TripAdvisor between 2016 and 2017. Four artificial neural networks were trained to model title and review’s word length, and title and review’s sentiment score, using as input 12 gamification features used in TripAdvisor including points and badges. After validating the accuracy of the model for extracting knowledge, the data-based sensitivity analysis was applied to understand how each of the 12 features contributed to explaining review length and its sentiment score. Three badge features were considered the most relevant ones, including the total number of badges, the passport badges, and the explorer badges, providing evidence of a relation between gamification features and traveler’s behavior when writing reviews.     

Perspectives on peer-review: eight years of Aropä

Drawing on eight years of observation and correspondence from the Aropä project, we report on the issues important to academics who conduct on-line student peer-review activities, and the features they request to support their own instructional designs. The Aropä project is unusually broad, having so far supported over 100 instructors at 20 institutions across nine countries, almost one thousand activities, and more than 36,000 individual students. As the designers, developers, maintainers and advisors of an evolving and widely used tool, we use our unique position to report on the perspectives and priorities of instructors and students in this important and developing field.     

COVID-19, digital privacy,and the social limits on data-focused public health responses

The implementation of digital contact tracing applications around the world to help reduce the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the most ambitious uses of massive-scale citizen data ever attempted. There is major divergence among nations, however, between a “privacy-first” approach which protects citizens’ data at the cost of extremely limited access for public health authorities and researchers, and a “data-first” approach which stores large amounts of data which, while of immeasurable value to epidemiologists and other researchers, may significantly intrude upon citizens’ privacy. The lack of a consensus on privacy protection in the contact tracing process creates risks of non-compliance or deliberate obfuscation from citizens who fear revealing private aspects of their lives – a factor greatly exacerbated by recent major scandals over online privacy and the illicit use of citizens’ digital information, which have heightened public consciousness of these issues and created significant new challenges for any collection of large-scale public data. While digital contact tracing for COVID-19 remains in its infancy, the lack of consensus around best practices for its implementation and for reassuring citizens of the protection of their privacy may already have impeded its capacity to contribute to the pandemic response.