安徽省体育产业化在城市化进程中的障碍与对策

采用文献资料、社会调查、数理统计和逻辑分析等方法,对安徽省社会经济,城市化水平和体育产业规模、市场基础、主导产业,以及社会生活方式和体育消费意识等进行了深入的研究与分析,总结了安徽省体育产业化与城市化发展进程中的一般规律与特征,并提出了主要措施与对策。     

The nexus between innovativeness and knowledge management: A focus on firm performance in the hospitality sector

While the importance of knowledge management is increasingly acknowledged, many firms do not fully understand the significance of innovativeness in relation to knowledge management and firm performance. Consequently, the objective of this article is to investigate innovativeness and its relationship with knowledge management and organizational performance in an under-examined industry sector and country context. The study methodology was survey-based and took place in the hospitality industry sector in Lesotho, Africa. Findings highlight the importance of knowledge management practices as an important driver of firm performance, where the results emphasize the positive mediating effect of innovativeness on the relationship between knowledge management and firm performance. The study has important practitioner and policy implications, where it is recommended that knowledge management be utilized in conjunction with innovativeness so as to positively influence firm performance. The article delivers a novel contribution to the literature in terms of establishing empirical associations between knowledge management, innovativeness and firm performance in an emerging country context.     

Product architecture,organizational capabilities and IT integration for competitive advantage

Increasingly, firms recognize the strategic implications of front-end product design for improving total cost effectiveness. Computer-aided design (CAD) is becoming firms’ competitive weapon beyond its traditional function as a product design tool. Yet, it is unclear how the full potential of IT system, particularly the usage patterns of 3D CAD system, may be realized through organizational capabilities. This paper presents a model of IT system configurations and CAD usage patterns. Next, a typology of IT system configurations is presented based on (1) the degree of CAD integration between assembly makers and suppliers and (2) the structure of product design information (i.e., product architecture). The product architecture of four electronic firms illustrates that information integration through organizational capabilities is more important than IT investment itself. The findings suggest that a Korean firm accomplishes a greater level of IT integration compared to the other two Japanese firms and thus attain better market performance. This study offers valuable insight on effective IT integration strategy for competitive advantage in the global market.     

对我国体育用品产业市场结构特征的研究

运用产业组织理论对我国体育用品产业市场的结构进行了研究。探讨了我国体育用品产业市场集中度、产品差别化、市场的进出壁垒这3个对我国体育用品产业市场结构形成起影响作用的主要因素；通过数据分析了产业市场的集中度、体育用品差别化、产业市场的进出壁垒，并结合数据对其成因进行深入的分析。在此基础上得出我国当前体育用品产业的市场结构类型与特征。     

阅读困难儿童认知加工过程研究的理论分歧

阅读困难儿童认知加工过程研究的理论分歧 ,主要表现在基本认知加工和高级认知加工之争与语音加工障碍与视觉空间认知加工障碍之争两个方面。语音意识、视觉空间认知、工作记忆和元认知与阅读障碍的关系的研究 ,目前已成为西方国家从心理语言学和认知心理学角度对阅读障碍问题研究的热点。这些方面的研究成果丰富了阅读困难认知加工过程研究的理论 ,也启发了国内多角度、深层次地对阅读障碍问题的研究。     

Conceptualizing employee identification with sport organizations: Sport Employee Identification (SEI)

The concepts of organizational identification and team identification have been researched heavily over the last half-century. However, scholars have failed to specifically examine organizational identification among sport employees. We develop a theoretical framework of organizational identification of sport employees, coined Sport Employee Identification (SEI). We conceptualize SEI as an amalgamation of organizational identification and team identification in which sport employees are both external (fans) and internal (employee) members of the sport organization. The development of the SEI model is based on related theory and further ethnographic data are collected over a four-month period within an intercollegiate athletics fundraising department. Implications for scholars and practitioners and avenues for future research are discussed.     

When do firms rely on their knowledge spillover recipients for guidance in exploring unfamiliar knowledge?

Knowledge spillover occurs when recipient firms combine the knowledge of an originating firm with other knowledge. When recipient firms combine the originating firm's knowledge with knowledge that is unfamiliar to the originating firm, the recipient firms potentially provide insight to the originating firm on the viability of exploring such knowledge. By mimicking its recipient firms, the originating firm reduces the challenge and uncertainty of exploring unfamiliar knowledge domains. We examine the exploration activities of 87 telecommunications equipment manufacturers over a ten-year time period. We argue that those firms that operate in competitive and dynamic market environments promoting conservative risk-taking behavior will value such uncertainty reduction more highly and thus rely to a greater extent on their recipient firms for guidance on where to explore for new expertise. In contrast, firms in high-growth market environments are more likely to look beyond the activities of recipient firms when exploring new technological domains and rely less on mimicking their recipient firms.     

Organizational identity challenges in a post-merger context: A case study of an information system implementation project

This study examines the effects of the differences in organizational identities that emerged during a post-merger project that aimed at unifying the laboratory services of a large healthcare center that resulted from the merging of three hospitals by supporting them with a unique information system. We draw on the concepts of organizational identity and sensemaking to analyze the laboratory information system implementation project. Organizational identity is conceptualized as the mental representation that organizational members have of themselves as a social group in terms of practices, norms, and values and how they understand themselves to be different from members of other organizations. Data analysis suggests that divergent organizational identities and team members’ alternative interpretations of others’ practices, norms and organizational symbols, coexist during the post-merger integration phase. These interpretations are reflected in the final functionality of the information system that was different from the planned one.     

Achieving organizational de-escalation: Exit strategy implementation among United States collegiate athletic departments

Given the increasing commitment associated with NCAA Division I participation, higher learning institutions in the United States have recently engaged in initial stages of de-escalation behavior, or the reversal of escalating commitment via project termination or redirection. However, difficulty arises upon implementation of the selected alternative exit strategy. Applying escalation of commitment theory, this collective case study explored exit strategy implementation among institutions (N = 8) having achieved organizational de-escalation. Participants (n = 32) included decision makers involved in athletics exit strategy implementation. NVivo 9 was employed for analyzing collected data throughout the course of a three-step coding process. Findings revealed the importance of presenting stakeholders with objective data concerning the true costs of participation in a non-consulting manner. Additionally, exit implementation should consider the most timely departure possible, accounting for project-specific consequences potentially hindering de-escalation achievement. Finally, decision makers at institutions incorporating newly formed athletic-related initiatives did not exhibit impression management in de-institutionalizing the former course of action.     

二切线火切机光栅定尺系统的实现

二切线板坯火切机,是用于把倍尺坯切割成定尺坯的设备,其定尺系统的准确程度决定了产品的切割精度。罗泾厚板厂的BⅡG-15型火切机,其定尺系统采用CCD摄像定尺方式,设计精度为<15mm,实际使用中的精度为-15mm到+30mm之间。本文对现有CCD定尺系统的不足之处进行了分析,并介绍了能够提高设备定尺精度的光栅定尺系统的实现。