基于企业战略路径系统演化的动态能力体系

围绕企业战略路径的演化全周期,提出并剖析动态能力在各个阶段发挥作用的主要维度,提出相关假设;在此基础上,限定战略路径演化的系统边界,根据理论分析建立系统动力学模型并进行仿真,最后通过灵敏性测试证明并构建感知判断能力、学习吸收能力、试错匹配能力、学习应用能力和战略柔性能力为维度的动态能力体系。     

知识传导、动态能力与后发企业成长研究——中兴通讯的案例研究

后发企业的动态能力指吸收、转移和整合知识,最终实现知识创造和创新的能力。本研究探讨了知识传导-动态能力-企业成长的逻辑关系,研究认为动态能力是企业成长的动因,知识传导通过动态能力间接作用于企业成长,企业成长体现为企业边界、企业行为、企业结构和企业绩效的成长。最后通过中兴通讯公司的案例研究佐证相关结论。     

Innovators and imitators: Organizational reference groups and adoption of organizational routines

Firms vary greatly in their rates of creating and adopting technological and organizational innovations, in part because of their choice of reference group. We argue that the selection of a reference group is a crucial and neglected source of firm heterogeneity. Comparisons to the average of other firms in a population cause most firms to adopt innovations once they are widely accepted. A distinctive feature of the minority of innovating firms that create innovations or adopt them early is that they compare themselves with, compete with, and try to differ from other innovating firms, whereas the majority of firms compare themselves with, and conform to, a broader group of firms. We elaborate this argument based on the behavioral theory of the firm and institutional theory, and test it on a two-period survey on adoptions of innovative organizational forms in Europe and the US. The analysis shows the predicted differences in the adoption patterns of innovating and imitating firms.     

多层次理论框架下中国高校创业教育能力的实证研究

在我国开展全民创业情景下,创业教育显得尤为重要。通过一个多层次的理论框架,实证研究决定创业研究成果的关键因素,包括宏观制度环境、中观社会网络以及高校内部的微观因素,探究这些要素之间的内部机理,发现宏观制度环境的作用并不显著,而科研基金、创业教育机构、学者之间网络能够促进高校的研究能力,同时教育机构、学者之间的社会网络具有正向调节作用。     

Determining factors in the success of R&D cooperative agreements between firms and research organizations

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of a series of contextual and organizational factors on the success of 800 cooperative agreements between Spanish firms and research organizations, run between 1995 and 2000. Findings show that the most outstanding factors are, in the case of firms, commitment, previous links, definition of objectives and conflict, whereas for research organizations previous links, communication, commitment, trust and the partners’ reputation are more relevant. These study not only provides a comprehensive theoretical model to analyze the success of these agreements but is useful both for improving management of cooperation and for fostering collaboration both at a national an international level.     

e-Government services for faith-based organizations: Bridging the organizational divide

In this paper, we examine the challenges faced by faith-based institutions in a low-income, predominantly Black community seeking to take advantage of grants provided through the White House Office of Community and Faith-Based Initiatives (FBCI). FBCI is an e-Government program that assists nonprofit organizations in competing for Federal dollars with fewer bureaucratic barriers. Informed by the design-actuality framework, we interviewed clergy at seven faith-based organizations. The intent of this analysis is to juxtapose the design intentions of the government officials with the actualities expressed by the intended benefactors of the initiative. Our findings suggest that this e-Government initiative may unwittingly exacerbate existing disparities in the strategic use of information and communication technologies (ICT).     

Knowledge management and communication in Brazilian agricultural research: An integrated procedural approach

The great contemporary organizational challenge for enterprises is to create a conceptual and methodological framework allows the management of knowledge by means of networks designed for social interaction. This statement is based on the premise that the competitive drive and sustainable success of the company depend on the introduction of new forms of production innovative processes, which can only be ensured through integrated approaches to knowledge management and the incorporation information technologies (IT). This is a reality that has already been accepted by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa, its acronym in Portuguese), a Brazilian research, development, and innovation (RD&I) institution supporting agricultural sector. For some years now, Embrapa has been incorporating what it has learned about knowledge management into its strategic planning process. In this paper, we present a new approach to managing knowledge and information, and we analyze the need for research institutions to administer the knowledge they produce through an RD&I management model based multi- and inter-disciplinary teams, and multi-institutional research networks.     

Influencing citizen behavior: Experiences from multichannel marketing pilot projects

Information technology allows national and local governments to satisfy the needs of citizens in a cost effective way. Unfortunately, citizens still tend to prefer traditional, more costly channels, such as the front desk, phone and mail. Through pilot projects government agencies attempt to influence this behavior of citizens, directing them towards the online channel. With this paper we provide insight into the possibility to influence citizens’ behavior in the complex landscape of multi-channel service provision. The paper systematically compares five pilot projects using a framework that is based on organizational and marketing literature. The results show that socio-psychological factors are crucial in multi-channel management, much more than the technology itself. We conclude that citizens can be directed towards the online channel. However, not all projects are successful. Economic and legal instruments tend to sort more direct effects than communication or service instruments. Moreover, organizational factors such as bureaucracy often hinder eventual success. Choosing a smart and relatively small scope and strong project manager may help to evoke success in directing citizen online behavior.     

科技企业的战略变革模型研究

基于科技变革这一情境,本文就组织能力与管理者认知对科技公司战略变革的作用机制展开讨论,特别是探讨了管理者认知对组织能力战略效应的情境化调节作用,以及影响管理者认知的个体、组织与环境因素,最后建立一个“科技企业的战略变革模型”.本文另一个推论是,在科技企业中,组织能力与管理者认知存在着“战略变革匹配”:即组织惯例与管理者短视的结合将导致“战略锁定”,组织惯例与管理者前瞻的结合将导致“战略引导”,动态能力与管理者短视的结合将导致“战略制约”,动态能力与管理者前瞻的结合将导致“战略突破”.     

浅析出版企业成长的结构效应

结构效应是推动企业由简单到复杂、由低级到高级成长的重要途径。要发挥出版企业成长的结构效应,需要对出版企业的组织结构、战略结构和资源结构进行调整与优化。