不同处理条件对洋葱鳞茎表皮细胞骨架形态影响的研究

细胞骨架是活细胞的重要结构,研究细胞骨架的形态对于进一步研究其功能具有重要意义。本研究以洋葱为材料,设置了4个不同的1％Triton X-100抽提非骨架蛋白时间（10min、15min、25min、40min）对洋葱细胞骨架显微观察的关键条件进行了优化,同时分析了细胞环境温度（-18℃、4℃、20℃、50℃）,紫外线照射活细胞（0min、60min）,0．1mol／L Ca^2＋处理及0．1％秋水仙素处理对洋葱细胞骨架形态观察效果的影响。结果表明：1％Triton X-100抽提非骨架蛋白25min观察效果较好;-18℃、50℃,紫外线辐射60min,0．1mol／L Ca^2＋和秋水仙素处理均会影响细胞骨架的观察。     

家庭型酸奶工艺的探究

讨论了家庭型酸奶制备的基本工艺条件,分析了接种量、加糖量和发酵温度等发酵条件对酸奶质量的影响,同时对发酵剂的选择、连续转接后发酵剂的发酵力变化、连续转接酸奶的质量等问题作了研究。结果表明：家庭型酸奶制备时的发酵条件以接种量为7％、加糖量为5％为宜;室温达30℃左右即可满足家庭条件下酸奶发酵成功所需的温度;尽管连续转接后发酵剂的发酵力并没有明显降低的趋势,但连续转接酸奶的质量却有所下降。     

安徽省近41年气候变化特征

根据安徽省20个气象站1961-2001年气温、降水数据进行分析,结果表明:安徽省近41年来年平均气温呈上升趋势,各季中冬季增温最明显,但夏季却出现降温趋势,增温最显著是20世纪90年代;年平均降水量呈增加趋势,增量最大出现在20世纪90年代,夏、冬季平均降水呈增加趋势,其中夏季增加对年均降水量增加的贡献最大,而春、秋季平均降水呈减少趋势。     

温度、pH对胡子鲶主要消化酶活性的影响

研究胡子鲶胃、前肠、中肠、肝胰脏四个部位的主要消化酶（蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶）活性以及温度、pH对其的影响．结果表明：在四个部位中,蛋白酶活力由高到低依次为：胃〉前肠〉肝胰脏〉中肠;淀粉酶活力由高到低依次为：肝胰脏〉中肠〉胃〉前肠;脂肪酶活力由高到低依次为：前肠〉中肠〉胃〉肝胰脏．胃蛋白酶活性最高,其适宜温度为30-35℃。适宜pH为5．5;肝胰脏淀粉酶活性最高,其适宜温度为25~35℃。适宜pH为6．0～7．0;前肠脂肪酶活性最高,其适宜温度为35-40℃,适宜pH为7．0～7．5．     

基于Tinyos的无线温湿度传感器网络系统设计和实现

集成了微机电(MEMS)系统、传感器技术、无线通信技术的无线传感器网络是一种全新的信息获取和处理方式,其应用前景非常广泛.设计和实现了无线温湿度传感器网络系统,其中包括硬件系统设计和Tinyos操作系统体系结构和应用程序的开发过程,给出了温湿度数据采集应用开发的要点.     

基于视频合成的无线温度监测巡检仪的设计

以冷链物流为研究背景,从硬件和软件方面进行阐述,设计了一种无线温度监测巡检仪,将现场温度通过视频叠加送到液晶显示器,从而实现了温度监测巡检功能,该系统具有稳定可靠、测量精度高、扩展灵活等特点。     

大气对可见光波段遥感图像影响因素的分析

太阳是可见光波段遥感主要辐射源,太阳辐射通过地球大气二次传递至传感器时,其接收到的辐射强度与太阳辐射到达地球大气层顶的辐射强度相比,已有了很大的变化,特别是传至遥感器的地面反射太阳辐射强度受到了削弱,同时大气也是遥感图像畸变的主要原因,故在遥感测量时大气层的影响应加以考虑以消除地球大气对太阳辐射产生的重要影响.基于此,本文主要探讨了可见光波段大气对遥感图像的影响因素并对其分析.     

跳远运动员助跑速度感知能力训练对踏板准确性影响的实验研究

通过问卷调查和实验法对跳远运动员助跑踏板准确性和影响跳远运动员助跑速度感知能力的主要因素进行理论与逻辑分析,根据跳远专项特点优选出9种训练方法,实验组采用优选训练手段,对照组采用常用普通训练手段。在严格控制训练过程及训练条件下,进行为期16周的速度感知能力的训练,保证两组只在训练内容方面不同外,其余方面保持一致。实验后对实验组和对照组再次进行踏板准确性和跳远成绩的测定,结果表明:实验后实验组与对照组的跳远成绩与踏板准确性具有明显的差异性。     

Effects of heat acclimation on hand cooling efficacy following exercise in the heat

This study examined the separate and combined effects of heat acclimation and hand cooling on post-exercise cooling rates following bouts of exercise in the heat. Seventeen non-heat acclimated (NHA) males (mean ± SE; age, 23 ± 1 y; mass, 75.30 ± 2.27 kg; maximal oxygen consumption [VO₂ max], 54.1 ± 1.3 ml·kg^?1·min^?1) completed 2 heat stress tests (HST) when NHA, then 10 days of heat acclimation, then 2 HST once heat acclimated (HA) in an environmental chamber (40°C; 40%RH). HSTs were 2 60-min bouts of treadmill exercise (45% VO₂ max; 2% grade) each followed by 10 min of hand cooling (C) or no cooling (NC). Heat acclimation sessions were 90–240 min of treadmill or stationary bike exercise (60–80% VO₂ max). Repeated measures ANOVA with Fishers LSD post hoc (α < 0.05) identified differences. When NHA, C (0.020 ± 0.003°C·min^?1) had a greater cooling rate than NC (0.013 ± 0.003°C·min^?1) (mean difference [95%CI]; 0.007°C [0.001,0.013], P = 0.035). Once HA, C (0.021 ± 0.002°C·min^?1) was similar to NC (0.025 ± 0.002°C·min^?1) (0.004°C [?0.003,0.011], P = 0.216). Hand cooling when HA (0.021 ± 0.002°C·min^?1) was similar to when NHA (0.020 ± 0.003°C·min^?1) (P = 0.77). In conclusion, when NHA, C provided greater cooling rates than NC. Once HA, C and NC provided similar cooling rates.     

Effects of different warm-up modalities on power output during the high pull

This study compared the effects of six warm-up modalities on peak power output (PPO) during the high-pull exercise. Nine resistance-trained males completed six trials using different warm-ups: high-pull specific (HPS), cycle, whole body vibration (WBV), cycle+HPS, WBV+HPS and a control. Intramuscular temperature (T_m) was increased by 2°C using WBV or cycling. PPO, T_m and electromyography (EMG) were recorded during each trial. Two high-pulls were performed prior to and 3 min after participants completed the warm-up. The greatest increase in PPO occurred with HPS (232.8 ± 89.7 W, P < 0.001); however, this was not different to combined warm-ups (cycle+HPS 158.6 ± 121.1 W; WBV+HPS 177.3 ± 93.3 W, P = 1.00). These modalities increased PPO to a greater extent than those that did not involve HPS (all P < 0.05). HPS took the shortest time to complete, compared to the other conditions (P < 0.05). EMG did not differ from pre to post warm-up or between modalities in any of the muscles investigated. No change in T_m occurred in warm-ups that did not include cycling or WBV. These results suggest that a movement-specific warm-up improves performance more than temperature-related warm-ups. Therefore, mechanisms other than increased muscle temperature and activation may be important for improving short-term PPO.