广西传统海洋文化中的生态伦理思想探微——生态伦理视角下广西海洋文化发展研究之四

广西传统海洋文化中的海洋生态伦理思想,是“天人合一”延伸到“海人合一”的人与自然“生命同根”的意识,是以海为生、以海为本的先民在长期的生产和生活实践中形成的;其精神层面的生态伦理思想,在“珠徙交趾”与“珠还合浦”的传说、镇海大王的传说,及其它民间故事、海歌和谚语中蕴涵的海洋生态情感与事理中得到深刻的体现;其物质层面的生态伦理思想,则体现在与大海和谐相处的“仰潮水上下而耕”、善待海洋自然地理环境的传统捕鱼方法、共享海洋恩惠的“寄赖”与维护海洋规律的“分渔”、“放生”等生产方式习俗上.     

2012年1月浙江低温连阴雨的背景场与成因分析

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料与NOAA资料,分析了2012年1月浙江低温连阴雨雪天气的背景场与相关成因。结果表明：大尺度环流异常是本次低温连阴雨天气的主要背景场：北极涛动较弱且在1月中下旬出现转折;乌拉尔山高压脊偏强并向极地伸展;西太平洋副热带高压较常年偏西偏强,保证冷暖空气在浙江上空交汇从而导致低温连阴雨的发生;中低层水汽通量场对连阴雨有较好的指示作用;低空能量锋区的变化与连阴雨过程也是基本同步的。拉尼娜事件的发展对我国冬季低温有显著的前期效应;北太平洋海温持续偏高有利于东亚冬季风偏强。     

Genetic variability of Sargassum liebmannii on the coast of Jalisco in the central Mexican Pacific revealed by molecular markers and morphological traits

BackgroundSargassum liebmannii is widely distributed throughout rocky, coastal upwelling areas in the tropical Mexican Pacific. This brown algae is of great environmental and industrial importance. However, no information is available that documents the genetic or phenotypic variability of the species, which is needed to determine how it may react to environmental variation related to climate change. In this study, S. liebmannii specimens were collected from the coast of Jalisco, Mexico, and molecular and morphological characterization was conducted. Intraspecific variability was estimated according to the study areas.ResultsThe inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers indicated a polymorphism percentage of 95%. The Shannon index and Nei index showed relatively low values among the populations (0.3569 and 0.081, respectively). On the other hand, the genetic differentiation coefficient indicated inter- and intrapopulation values of 36.69% and 63.31%, respectively. The Jaccard similarity coefficient was used to determine the degree of similarity among individuals by geographical area. The morphological characteristics and environmental variables that were used to correlate phenotypes and genotypes indicated that S. liebmannii showed low genetic flow because of the presence of geographical barriers due to substrate that was not optimal for algal development.ConclusionsThe ISSR markers were useful for detecting genetic differences among S. liebmannii individuals. The results indicate that a coupled genotypic-phenotypic study is beneficial for documenting the variation present in the little-studied algal species. These studies may be used in future research to clarify taxonomic controversies while generating additional genomic information.How to cite: Jung-Kim HW, Hernández-Herrera RM, Enciso-Padilla I, et al. Genetic variability of Sargassum liebmannii on the coast of Jalisco in the central Mexican Pacific revealed by molecular markers and morphological traits. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.08.003     

Regime formation and consequence: The case of internet security in the East-Asia ‘Four Tigers’

The purpose of this article is to identify the process in which each nation appropriates a new technological force challenging regulatory regimes. Departing from regime theory, this paper critically assesses the interaction between Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation and the East-Asia ‘Four Tigers’ in formulating Internet security policy. A particular concern is about the formation of global information policy regime that arbitrates the tension between citizens' right to privacy and free information flow. This paper argues that the potential of the greater protection of information privacy are curtailed as market incentives of information flow dominate over the region's policy effort. A 2003 Bangkok meeting epitomizes such policy formulation in the interaction between international and national regimes that are particular to the region's regulatory legacies. Implications are discussed in terms of the function of industrial legacies in new information policy.     

THE INFORMATION INDUSTRY,MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND URBANISATION IN THE ASIAN PACIFIC COUNTRIES: A RESEARCH AGENDA

The production of information has been accepted as a new economic factor for urbanisation, particularly in the industrialised world. It creates new urban employment opportunities, changes urban spatial patterns, transforms demographic structures and social patterns. This ‘new’ production activity has been introduced into the Asian Pacific region — often by multinational corporations — and now begins to make its presence felt in major cities. This paper investigates the nature of the information industry in general, the role of multinational corporations and attempts to understand especially the effects of international information demand on Third World urbanisation. More specifically, it attempts to assess their relationship to urbanisation in the Asian Pacific countries. Lastly, it hopes to formulate areas and issues for further research.     

Equity in New Zealand university graduate outcomes: Māori and Pacific graduates

Higher education confers significant private and social benefits. Māori and Pacific peoples are under-represented within New Zealand universities and have poorer labour market outcomes (e.g., lower wages, under-represented in skilled professions). A New Zealand tertiary education priority is to boost Māori and Pacific success in an effort to improve outcomes for these graduates, their communities and society in general. Using information collected in the Graduate Longitudinal Study New Zealand, we compared Māori and Pacific university graduate outcomes with outcomes of other New Zealand graduates. Data were collected when the participants were in their final year of study (n?=?8719) and two years post-graduation (n?=?6104). Employment outcomes were comparable between Māori, Pacific and other New Zealand graduates at two years post-graduation; however, Māori and Pacific graduates had significantly higher student debt burden and financial strain over time. They were significantly more likely to help others (e.g., family) across a range of situations (e.g., lending money), and reported higher levels of volunteerism compared to their counterparts. Boosting higher education success for Māori and Pacific students has the potential to reduce ethnic inequalities in New Zealand labour market outcomes and may result in significant private benefits for these graduates and social benefits as a result of their contribution to society.     

对蓝海战略认识上的误区

蓝海战略是当前企业管理学中的一个热点问题，但是由于蓝海战略是一种新兴的战略概念，本身还不够完备，在实践中难免会出现一些理解上的误区，这些误区如果不加以纠正，难免要在企业界造成一场混乱。本文针对当前学术界与企业界对蓝海战略的一些认识上的误区进行剖析，希望能够为正在实施或者计划实施蓝海战略的企业带来启示。     

Dragon wings and butterfly wings: implicit gender binarism in early childhood

Despite explicit focus on addressing gender inequality in educational settings in Australia, without challenging gender binarism, inequality will persist. This article demonstrates the everyday and implicit means through which hierarchical gender binaries continue to be perpetuated. Observational fieldwork undertaken in three Australian early childhood settings with 13 members of staff and 53 children (ages 2–6) demonstrates how bi-gendered language, as well as wider discourses and practices, are being engaged in these settings. The data indicate that gender binarism continues to be (re)constructed and reinforced through subtle, but omnirelevant, invocations of gender. This happens in the constant categorisation and addressing of children by attributed gender alongside the hierarchisation of gendered attributes, and the sanctioned performativity of bi-gendered heteronormativity in play situations. This demonstrates how children continue to be encouraged into binary gendered practices in their most formative years and that this will, in turn, perpetuate gender inequalities.     

西北太平洋热带气旋中大风和波浪分布特征

为给航行船舶有效避离热带气旋提供参考,利用日本发布的2011—2013年亚洲地面分析图和西北太平洋波浪分析图,对发生在西北太平洋上的61个热带气旋的大风和波浪分布特征进行统计分析.主要结论:热带气旋的近中心最大平均风速与中心气压存在较好的二次非线性关系;10级以上大风一般以热带气旋为中心呈对称分布,7级以上大风以热带气旋为中心呈不对称分布的居多,7级以上大风最大范围一般出现在热带气旋前进方向的右半圆;10级以上大风圈平均半径为73.5 n mile,7级以上大风圈平均半径为187.9 n mile;热带气旋中的最大波高中心与热带气旋中心一般不重合,最大波高中心和4 m浪最大范围主要出现在热带气旋前进方向的右半圆,特别是右后半圆;最大波高中心与热带气旋中心平均距离为93 n mile左右,4 m等波高线与热带气旋中心平均距离为235 n mile左右.