高等植物中的逆激蛋白及交叉适应综述

对高等植物的逆激蛋白及其交叉适应进行了综述,并展望了其研究前景。     

HSPs表达对运动的意义

分析了HSPs(热休克蛋白)的功能与特性、运动引起HSPs表达的生物学功能以及HSPs表达后对酶、免疫、抗氧化、分子伴侣的作用和对凋亡的影响,从中总结HSPs对运动训练的意义。     

热激蛋白的结构与功能

文章综述了热激蛋白的分类、在细胞内的定位以及结构与功能的研究进展。     

Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Biochemical Parameters in Pesticides Sprayers of Grape Gardens of Western Maharashtra (India)

The aim of this study was to see the biochemical effects of pesticides on sprayers of grape gardens before and after 15 days of vitamin E supplementations in Western Maharashtra (India), who were occupationally exposed to various pesticides over a long period of time (about 5 to 15 years). Blood samples were collected from all study group subjects for biochemical parameters assays before and after 15 days of vitamin E supplementation. Sprayers of grape gardens were given 400 mg of vitamin E tablet/day for 15 days. After 15 days of vitamin E supplementation to sprayers of grape gardens, we observed significantly decreased aspartate transaminase (10.88 %, P < 0.05, r = 0.88), alanine transaminase (25.92 %, P < 0.01, r = 0.46) and total proteins (3.32 %, P < 0.01, r = 0.33), whereas, no statistically significant change was found in serum acetyl cholinesterase, C-reactive proteins, albumin (ALB), globulins and ALB/globulin ratio as compared to before vitamin E supplementation. Sprayers of grape gardens, who received vitamin E supplementation, showed significantly decreased serum lipid peroxide (LP) (18.75 %, P < 0.001, r = 0.63) and significantly increased RBC-superoxide dismutase (SOD) (12.88 %, P < 0.001, r = 0.85), RBC-Catalase (CAT) (24.49 %, P < 0.001, r = 0.70), plasma ceruloplasmin (CP) (4.6 %, P < 0.01, r = 0.80), serum zinc (4.57 %, P < 0.01, r = 0.83) and serum copper (4.37 %, P < 0.01, r = 0.79) as compared to values before vitamin E supplementation. These results showed that vitamin E supplementation has ameliorating effects on these transaminase enzymes, suggesting that it may have a protective effect on liver, from pesticides induced damage. In this study vitamin E supplementation might have decreased LP levels by breaking chain reaction of lipid peroxidation. Present results indicate that vitamin E plays a crucial role in restoring the antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT and CP, in population exposed to pesticides. This helps to enhance its antioxidant ability. Therefore, it is suggested that farmers, pesticide applicators, workers in the pesticide industry and other pesticide users, who come in regular contact with pesticides, may be benefited by supplementation with vitamin E.     

Disinfection by-products effect on swimmers oxidative stress and respiratory damage

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are generated through the reaction of chlorine with organic and inorganic matter in indoor swimming pools. Different DBPs are present in indoor swimming pools. This study evaluated the effects of different chlorinated formations in oxidative stress and lung damage in 20 swimmers after 40?min of aerobic swimming in 3 indoor pools with different characteristics. Biological samples were collected to measure lung damage (serum-surfactant-associated proteins A and B), oxidative stress parameters (plasma protein carbonylation and malondialdehyde, and whole-blood glutathione oxidation), and swimming exertion values (blood lactate) before and after exercise. Free chlorine and combined chlorine in water, and chlorine in air samples were determined in all the swimming pools. Chlorination as disinfection treatment led to the formation of chloramines in water samples, mainly mono- and dichloramine. However, free chlorine was the predominate species in ultraviolet-treated swimming pool. Levels of total chlorine increased as a function of the swimming activity in chlorinated swimming pools. The lower quality of the installation resulted in a higher content of total chlorine, especially in air samples, and therefore a higher exposure of the swimmer to DBPs. However, the concentration level of chlorinated DBPs did not result in significant variation in serum-surfactant-associated proteins A and oxidative stress parameters in swimmers. In conclusion, the quality of the installation affected the DBPs concentration; however, it did not lead to lung epithelial damage and oxidative stress parameters in swimmers.     

板栗园桑寄生植物的生物学特性及危害的初步研究

桑寄生植物从寄主板栗树的体内吸取水分和矿质营养,对寄主构成危害,其危害程度与寄生植物的生物学特性和环境条件有关,而不同种类的寄生植物对寄主个体和种群造成的危害亦不相同.     

微柱法及果糖胺法测定糖尿病患者HbA_(1c)、HbA_1及Gpp的比较研究

采用Trivelli等报道的Bio-Rex70阳离子交换树脂微柱层析法和Roger等报道的果糖胺法(两法均作了适当修改),分别对73例糖尿病患者及61例正常人进行了HbA_(1c)、HbA_1及糖基化血浆蛋白(Gpp)的测定.结果显示患者与正常人之间HbA_(1c)、HbA_1、Gpp均值有非常显著性差别.患者空腹血糖均值与HbA_(1c)、HbA_1、Gpp均值之间均有极显著的相关性.患者HbA_(1c)与HbA_1之间相关系数有极显著意义.证明HbA_(1c)、HbA_1与Gpp均可作为糖尿病控制较准确的客观指标.作者在提高微柱法分离度的关键问题上作了改进,找出了恰当的洗脱液Ⅰ与Ⅱ的Na~+浓度,分别为0.020mol/L与0.070mol/L.分离HbA_(1a+b)与HbA_(1c)结果尚称满意,柱间CV分别为3.1％与2.2％.在降低洗脱液Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ中剧毒物质氰化钾的浓度问题上也作了研究,找出了较文献报道低2.5倍的氰化钾浓度,即由0.010mol/L降低到0.004mol/L.在果糖胺法中,采用5min与15min两次比色,用10％冰醋酸终止反应,提高了此法的精密度与重复性,批内CV为2.3％,批间CV为2.7％.     

Serum lipids, lipoproteins and sex-hormone binding globulin in breast cancer

Serum levels of various lipid parameters, i.e., triglycerides, total cholesterol, alpha lipoprotein or high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and beta lipoprotein or low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol were measured in a total of 138 histologically proven cases of breast cancer along with 146 control women. The mean levels of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were found to be significantly higher in breast cancer cases as compared to controls. However, lower mean levels of serum HDL-cholesterol and sex-hormone binding glubulin (SHBG) were observed in breast cancer patients than the control subjects. The results indicate a probable relation between serum lipids and the activity of sex-hormones. Moreover, the study reflects an overall disturbance of lipid metabolism in the pathological process of breast cancer.     

点样位置对血清蛋白醋酸纤维薄膜电泳行为的改变

血清蛋白室温下进行醋酸纤维薄膜电泳时，点样线靠近阳极端则有蛋白朝阴极运动，低温下移动方向相同而速度变慢。兰色葡聚糖和溴酚兰在对应条件下电泳表明，主要是薄膜表面溶剂蒸发，造成缓冲液由两端朝中部补充而流动，从而改变了部分低荷质比血清蛋白的电泳行为。此异常现象证实缓冲液流动可改变蛋白质电泳行为，可用于验证电泳影响因素的设计性实验教学。     

生物大分子溶液结构的NMR测定法

随着高分辨核磁共振（ＮＭＲ）仪和多维ＮＭＲ技术的快速发展,近年来高场ＮＭＲ仪已成为测定生物大分子在溶液中的三维结构的最强有力的手段。目前已有１７００多个生物大分子的溶液结构用高分辨ＮＭＲ技术进行了测定。该文简要综述了这一高新技术的特点、测定流程,并分析了若干实例。