浅谈专利文献在研发工作中的利用

本文介绍了专利文献的阅读与利用在研发工作中的实际应用,认为专利文献的阅读与利用对明确研发方向、提高研发人员自身能力、降低侵权风险以及获取专利权等方面具有重要作用,供研发人员参考。     

失效专利在企业技术创新中的应用

专利失效不等于技术失效,如何有效利用失效专利,使其在现代企业技术创新中发挥重大作用,本文针对这个问题,在深度剖析失效专利的成因、价值及获取手段的基础上,总结出了在企业创新中继续加工、再利用失效专利的手段和方法。     

基于VIKOR法的地区专利成长性评价研究

为准确衡量地区专利成长状况,建立包括增长指数、质量指数、效率指数和潜力指数的专利成长性综合评价指标体系,运用VIKOR法对我国31个省市区的专利成长性水平进行评价和分析,发现地区专利成长中存在的优势和问题,并据此提出相关改进建议。     

神圣与世俗交织——《真诰》小说解析

《真诰》是道教上清派重要经典,记载有不少学道求仙的故事,这些故事大多想象丰富,而且具有人物、情节和主题等小说的要素,运用了多种表现手法,体现出神圣与世俗相交织的特点。     

Light emitting diodes and the lighting revolution: The emergence of a solid-state lighting industry

Emergence of new industries from evolving technologies is critical to the global economy, yet has been relatively understudied due to the paucity of available data. This study draws lessons on industry emergence, by analyzing how a solid-state lighting (SSL) industry grew out of light emitting diode (LED) technologies that evolved for half a century, with participation by tens of thousands of researchers in universities, national laboratories, and firms. Using data on publications, patents, and firms combined with business history we trace the evolution of SSL through a succession of market niches. At times a few researchers with unorthodox research approaches made breakthroughs that greatly advanced particular technology trajectories and pushed LED research in unexpected directions. A succession of LED market niches advanced the technology and provided profits to incentivize continuing research while reducing cost and improving efficacy of LEDs. Innovating firms developed a thicket of patents and captured substantial profit, but were embroiled in extensive litigation that was ultimately resolved through cross-licensing. A major new generation of lighting products is now disrupting the traditional lighting industry. Although the leading incumbent lighting firms all invested early and heavily in SSL, the industry's future leadership is uncertain.     

Government support for SME innovations in the regional industries: The case of government financial support program in South Korea

This study explores the impact of governmental support policies on the innovation of SMEs in the regional strategic industries in South Korea. We use the technological development assistance funds as a proxy for governmental support policies for SMEs in the regional industries in Korea. The innovation of SMEs is measured by technological innovation: patent, utility model, trademark, and new design registrations. Before empirically testing the impact of governmental support policies on the innovation of SMEs, this study reviews the literature concerning the innovation and the governmental support policies of SMEs in regional industries. Results from empirical models, which simultaneously control for factors which were thought to affect the innovation of regional SMEs, indicate that a positive relationship exists among the technological development assistance by the Korean government and patent acquisitions and new design registrations of regional SMEs. Networks with universities also have a positive relationship with patent acquisitions and new design registrations of regional SMEs. This study suggests there is an importance to governmental financial aids for regional SME innovations, and there is an importance to the need to build a strong social relationship in today's networked economy.     

专利审查高速路影响后续申请局专利积压的机理研究

结合当前世界范围内专利审查高速路的现状,分别从两个方面具体探究了专利审查高速路是如何缓解或加重后续申请局专利积压的,认为专利审查高速路尽管有助于减少针对每项后续申请的重复检索与审查工作,但若处理不当不仅不会缓解反而有可能加重后续申请局的专利积压。     

基于ESI科学家计量方法的重新评估

以ESI排名前5位的经济学家为统计对象,通过选择六种作者贡献率分配算法,对5位经济学家论文总数、总被引频次排名和篇均被引频次三个指标进行了重新评价。研究结果表明：从总被引频次来看,除了Harmonic counting和FLAE排名一致外,其他几种算法的排名完全不同,而且排名的差异非常大。从篇均被引频次来说,六种计量方法排序结果完全一致。     

基于专利法与竞争法交叉视角下的制药产业专利常青策略

原研药企对原始专利修改并策略性提交专利申请的专利常青行为日益引起关注,这种对专利权滥用的行为究竟应通过专利法的内在矫正实现自我完善,还是通过竞争法的外在介入予以规制在各国有不同看法。本文对印度、美国、欧盟及加拿大规制专利常青行为予以介绍,得出结论,即应在我国还未明显出现专利常青现象时就采取预防措施,考虑制药产业收回研发成本和关乎公共卫生的属性而采取宽严适度的药品可专利性标准,并审慎将竞争法用于专利常青。     

Quantifying the structural and temporal characteristics of negative links in signed citation networks

Although the citation relationships among papers can help in tracking and understanding the development of knowledge, few studies have noted that the content and sentiments of citations of a paper differ. Here, we use sentiment-labeled citation data to construct a directed signed citation network, in which an author may agree with or criticize the cited paper and these represent different ways of inheriting knowledge. The dataset we use consists of 9,038 papers in the field of Computational Linguistics, including 25,275 citations, with 20.8% positive citations, 8.6% negative citations and 70.6% neutral citations. We systematically quantify the structural patterns of negative citations, impact assortativity of involved papers, occurrence time distribution and consequences of receiving negative attention. Remarkably, we find that papers with different impacts have a similar probability of receiving negative citations, and highly cited papers tend to give negative citations to low-impact papers around but avoid giving negative citations to high-impact papers. Our research also reveals the random occurrence rules and colocation patterns of negative citation distribution. In addition, we show that, in the short term, around 60% of multiple negative citations is positively related to the impact of the cited paper while more than 80% are negatively related to the impact in the long run. Our findings explain the pattern by which negative citations occur and deepen the understanding of negative citations.