Cooperation Catalyses

<正>"I held an Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellow position at Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck-Society(MPG)from 1989,hosted by Prof.Gerhard Ertl,where I began my career in surface chemistry and catalysis.With my return to China in 1995,a generous present of laboratory instruments from Prof.Robert Schl?gl greatly help my research activity in China.Following the MOU signed by the     

Wafer-Thin Electronics

A material can't get any thinner. Graphene consists of just one layer of carbon atoms but that‘s not the only reason materials scientists are interested in this material: they‘re fascinated primarily by its extraordinary properties. ZHI Linjie and his Partner Group of the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research are using chemistry to optimize graphene for various applications.     

普朗克的还原思想分析

通常认为,普朗克提出的量子概念标志了物理世界的一种非连续性,由此导致了一场巨大的科学革命。但缔造这一革命的关键人物——普朗克同样具有深厚的还原思想。     

The genesis of quanta: 1890–1910

In this article we discuss how the concept of quantum of energy came into being from the analysis of black-body spectrum. We start our discussion with the work of Wien who discovered the general form of black-body spectrum and on the basis of his discovery proposed a formula to obtain power radiated from a black body as a function of its temperature and the frequency of radiation. We then focus on the work of Planck who modified Wien’s formula to bring it in close agreement with the experimental results. However, the real greatness of Planck is displayed in his interpretation of the modified formula that led him to introduce the revolutionary concept of the quantum of energy. How Planck arrived at this conclusion is described in detail. We conclude the article with a discussion of the generalization of the concept of quanta by Einstein to propose quantization of radiation as well as of mechanical vibrations. Manoj K. Harbola is a professor of physics at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. His area of research is in the field of electronic structure of matter and he has contributed significantly to fundamental aspects of density functional theory and applied it to study atoms, molecules, clusters and solids.     

双视界黑洞中Dirac场的Planck绝对熵及内外视界的平权性

利用膜模型技术研究双视界面黑洞Dirac场的Planck绝对熵及内外视界的平权性．结果表明:非动态球对称黑洞Dirac炀的Planck绝对熵与黑洞的质量、外视界温度及外视界面积的乘积成正比．     

普朗克时间和普朗克长度的含义

以量子现象解释性理论为基础,用驻生时间和无间位移这两个概念,阐明了普朗克时间和普朗克长度的含义.     

普朗克常量测定的误差分析

根据用反向遏止电压法测量普朗克常量的实验原理，讨论了暗电流、本底电流、反向电流对实验结果影响的大小，并对遏止电压的几种不同取法进行了分析，总结出比现行教材和文献中采用的更好的方法，在一定程度上修正了遏止电压，得到了较理想的实验结果。     

光量子理论的确立和发展

在介绍普朗克能量子理论和发现光电效应的基础上,论述了爱因斯坦光量子理论的产生、实验验证和形成过程,指出了光量子理论对现代物理学理论,尤其是量子力学发展的深刻影响。     

基础研究类科研机构评估：德国马普学会的实践与启示

基础研究类科研机构是国家战略科技力量的重要组成部分,如何有效评估其发展现状是提升我国基础研究水平、助力实现高水平科技自立自强的重要一环。为此,文章以顶尖基础研究类科研机构——德国马克斯·普朗克科学促进学会（马普学会）为例,探究其为下属多个研究所构建的评估体系。文章首先梳理了具体评估过程中不同评估环节的评估内容与特点。其次,比较分析了不同时期的重点评估内容,探究其评估体系的发展变化情况。最后,文章立足我国实际情况,为我国基础研究类科研机构的评估实践提出建议。     

“As You Sow,So Will You Reap”

<正>"I was invited to the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics in Tuebingen,and studied there from 1982 to1984 within the CAS/MPG cooperation.During that period I focused on the figure-ground discrimination by relative motion in the visual system of the fly.At the end of 1993,I arrived at the MPI for Biological Cybernetics again to collaborate with Prof.K.G?tz to study visual