多元视角“生产率悖论”研究述评

Melitz（2003）构建了异质性企业贸易模型,得出出口企业的生产率高于内销企业的生产率.在那之后,国内外学者纷纷用各国的工业企业数据进行实证检验.当用中国工业企业数据进行检验时,发现我国出口企业的生产率比内销企业生产率还低,这与异质性企业贸易理论的结论相违背,学者们称之为“生产率悖论”.针对中国出口企业“生产率悖论”,国内学者从不同视角做出了解释,文章回顾了近年来学者们提出的一些主流观点并加以述评.     

江西省生产力促进中心年科技服务效率研究

本文利用DEA方法研究江西省生产力促进中心2001—2011年的相对效率。研究发现:从综合技术效率来看,江西省生产力促进中心综合技术效率得分逐年增加,说明其服务效率不断增强;从纯技术效率来看,不同年份纯技术效率得分普遍比较高,说明要素投入比例相对比较合理;从规模效率来看,规模效率平均得分较低,但自2001年以来一直在增加,且大多数年份都处在规模报酬递增阶段,说明江西省应继续加大对生产力促进中心的投入。     

关于科学技术和第一生产力问题的理论探讨

科技是第一生产力，这是马克思主义的一个基本观点，本对科学技术的内涵和分类作了说明，并阐述自然科学技术在什么情况下是生产力，社会科学技术是否是生产力应作具体分析。     

But can she cook? Women’s education and housework productivity

Previous inquiries into the relationship between education and housework productivity reveal that expectations differ along disciplinary (i.e., economics vs. non-economics) lines and empirical results from the economics literature are mixed. Expectations of a positive sign between education and housework productivity in the economics literature may be a function of misinterpretations of [J. Polit. Economy 81 (1973) 306] original theory pertaining to all non-market production, which is far more general than just housework. Mixed empirical results may be a function of incomplete or overly assumption-reliant econometric models derived previously. We streamline the procedures for estimating the parameters of a one-person, one-period housework production function such that the system of equations may be specified with a single, literature-based assumption. Our estimation of the production function parameter that measures the effect of education on housework productivity suggests that authors in the non-economics literature may have a point; the relationship between education and housework productivity may be negative due to “morale” effects.     

Key Authors in Business and Management Education Research: Productivity,Topics, and Future Directions

Previous studies of author productivity in business and management education (BME) research have focused on single disciplinary areas, and even single journals. This study is the first to examine the productivity of BME scholars across multiple disciplinary areas (i.e., accounting, economics, finance, information systems, management, marketing, and operations/supply chain management). We analyzed a pool of 17 BME journals with the highest hg‐index, by including the top three journals in the accounting and information systems areas, the top two journals in each of the other disciplinary areas, and an interdisciplinary BME journal. This examination covered a 10‐year period (2005‐2014), 4,464 articles and 9,617 article co‐authors. We identified 7,209 unique authors in this pool and ranked their productivity to create a “Key Authors” list. Each of the top 99 authors had five or more articles in our database. Our findings indicate the potential for cross‐disciplinary dissemination of research ideas and opportunities for scholars to enhance their research profile, because even a small increase in productivity can lead to substantial movement in the BME rankings of authors.     

邓小平生产力理论及其现实意义

邓小平生产力理论是邓小平理论的重要组成部分，是对马克思主义生产力理论的继承和发展，正确把握这一理论，对于我们当前仍然坚持以经济建设为中心、不断进行生产资料所有制改革、实施科教兴国的战略，具有十分重要的现实意义。     

中国共产党必须始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求

生产力是人类社会发展的最终决定力量。党的工人阶级先锋队性质,决定了党必须成为发展先进社会生产力的忠实代表。党在现阶段必须坚持以经济建设为中心,集中力量发展生产力;必须坚持改革开放,为生产力发展创造条件;必须加快体制改革和科技进步,推动经济结构的战略性调整。在解放和发展生产力过程中充分体现“发展是执政兴国的第一要务”。     

黄土梁状丘陵区土地利用结构及其生产潜力相关性的探讨

本文以宁夏西吉县三岔小流域为对象，应用线性多目标规划方法对黄土梁状丘陵区的土地利用结构及其生产潜力的发挥进行了探讨。结果表明，按目前参数模型结果实施后，人均年收入将由193.36元提高到515.18元，土壤流失量将减少42367t，需投资7.95万元；按潜力参数模型实施后，人*土地利用结构、生产潜力、目前参数、潜力参数     

基于SBM模型的二氧化碳排放效率测度研究

本文基于非径向的SBM模型测度了中国省区二氧化碳排放效率,并分析了Luenberger生产率指标及分解,从技术进步效应、效率追赶及“创新者”区域等角度探索中国省区二氧化碳排放效率。主要结论有：2000-2011年间的全国二氧化碳平均排放效率仅为54.9%,效率偏低,相对于效率前沿面存在较大的改善空间;东部、中部和西部三大区域的二氧化碳排放效率发展是不均衡的,东部二氧化碳排放效率显著高于中、西部;全国二氧化碳生产率MLPI指标平均增长率为0.62%,增长率较低,生产率增长的主要源泉是技术进步而非效率变化。     

Reap what you sow: Agricultural technology,urbanization and structural change

This paper studies how productivity-enhancing agricultural technology affects urbanization by provoking structural change. We investigate these issues using a natural experiment in the United States. The results show that technologies which improve crop productivity lead to a less urbanized economy as economic activity relocates from manufacturing and services towards agriculture. The effects are highly persistent and are driven by the technology increasing agricultural labor demand. Our findings highlight the potentially unintended, disruptive force of innovative technologies.