基于多源数据的中国UNESCO名录遗产地 可持续发展目标监测

SDG11.4.1将保护世界遗产的“保护支出”作为评价遗产可持续发展目标的指标,其处于有方法无数据的状态,亟需具体数据和测算案例支持。利用48处中国UNESCO名录遗产的统计数据对SDG11.4.1指标进行测度和分析,基于Landsat遥感数据对4处自然遗产人为干预度进行变化监测分析。结果表明：1)单位面积支出可作为测度自然保护地(世界自然遗产、混合遗产、地质公园和生物圈保护区)可持续发展状态的指标,但不适用于文化遗产的测度。2)从资金投入角度看：自然保护地年均投入400万元/km²可作为优质发展目标阈值,年均投入80万~400万元/km²可作为发展状态良好的阈值。3)人为干预度作为扩展指标可以反映自然遗产地的可持续保护状态和趋势,可进一步在中国及其他国家类似保护地进行推广应用。     

人口老龄化背景下图书馆工作的探索

老年读者群体正在成为图书馆中一个持续稳定并不断壮大的特殊读者群体。从人体工程学角度分析了老年人的生理和心理特征以及老年读者对图书馆的特殊要求,对人口老龄化背景下的图书馆工作进行了科学全面的探讨和分析,并提出了一些建设性意见,以期探索出适宜老年人阅读和活动的图书馆环境。     

图书馆员从事研究活动的心态调适

“心理距离说”讨论从事图书工作研究应具有的心态：换一种眼光看图书工作研究，不要仅看到其过程的苦与难的一面，更要看到其对社会的教育意义等有积极意义的一面；换一种态度看图书工作研究，摆脱功利与实用主义，摆脱常人看问题的方法，摆脱所谓的“正常视象”；换一种注意力审视客体，采用特殊审美注意去探索客体的内部本质；与实用、功利保持适当距离，不即不离，处理好图书工作与科研、研究与收益、理论与实践、研究成果与读者服务等几种关系。     

大学生心理问题阅读疗法研究

阅读疗法是集预防、治疗和发展健康心理于一体的心理治疗方法,对解决大学生常有的心理困扰是有效的。参考文献6。     

趋同抑或求异:英国高等教育质量保障的过去与未来

博洛尼亚进程有力推动了欧洲高等教育一体化,英国积极参与欧洲高等教育区建设,在质量保障方面与其保持高度一致,促进了欧洲高等教育的趋同发展。本文通过历史分析发现,英国高等教育质量保障系统包含科研评估、教学评估和机构审核,兼具质量改进与问责的双重功能,且表现出竞争导向、风险为本的市场问责发展趋势。在脱欧背景下,英格兰新成立的学生办公室也是高等教育国家干预与市场问责的进一步结合,并非英国的"求异"发展。英国乃至欧洲高等教育区的质量保障机制面临着机构多样性与标准相似性的张力,并将受到消费者"众口难调"质量观的挑战。     

国家安全之外的《国防教育法》——20世纪中期美国教育改革起源的再审视

1958年颁布的《国防教育法》对认识二战后美国的教育变革有重要意义。但长期以来研究者都视其为对"苏联卫星事件"的回应,是冷战时期国防政策的重要内容。笔者通过对文献的重新发掘与分析,指出两者之间不存在必然联系,这场教育改革不是"刺激-反应"模式的产物;此外,该法案立法过程中的焦点问题是对联邦政府干预教育权限的再讨论;法案通过后,在宣誓政治忠诚和学术自由问题上也受到广泛批评。国家安全不能概括法案的全部,至于联邦政府如何干预教育,以法案为代表的每一次讨论本身就是答案。     

Supportive communication from bystanders of cyberbullying: indirect effects and interactions between source and message characteristics

Cyberbullying is an increasingly common experience that produces psychosocial consequences for targets. Interventions encouraging bystanders to support targets of cyberbullying are limited by a lack of focus on what to communicate. This study considers supportive messages that emphasize emotional comfort, attributions of responsibility, and beliefs that people can change as relevant to this context, and it examines how perceptions of messages differ based on whether support providers have or lack experience with cyberbullying. We extend research on the indirect effects model of supportive communication by randomly assigning participants (N?=?304), who self-identify as targets of cyberbullying, to message and source conditions and assessing their perceptions of messages, providers, and outcomes. Impressions of messages mediate their influence on outcomes, and the experiential similarity of support providers moderates these effects. Certain messages, notably those contending that bullies can change, are less effective when delivered by sources who lack experience with bullying.     

Binge-Watching and Psychological Well-Being: Media Use Between Lack of Control and Perceived Autonomy

Binge-watching—the intensive, consecutive viewing of televised series—has become a prevalent usage pattern of entertainment media, which may influence users’ psychological well-being both positively and negatively: On the one hand, binge-watching could increase viewers’ enjoyment, recovery experiences, and vitality through an increase in perceived autonomy. On the other hand, binge-watching can trigger goal conflicts and feelings of guilt, which may reduce well-being. Drawing on an online survey (N = 499), the present study examines the tension between these two mechanisms and their effects on users’ well-being. The data largely support the hypotheses: Binge-watching is perceived as recreational as long as goal conflicts and feelings of guilt can be avoided. Well-being, on the other hand, is positively affected by binge-watching-induced increases in perceived autonomy. These results corroborate the central role of self-determination as a link between media reception, media enjoyment, and psychological well-being.     

心理契约视域下社会化阅读用户的退出、建言、忠诚和忽略行为

社会化阅读是伴随着互联网特别是移动互联网而产生的一种具有虚拟社区特点的全新阅读模式。为了全面揭示和解释社会化阅读用户的情感和行为,本文将组织行为学中的心理契约理论延展到社会化阅读虚拟社区,通过构建研究模型,采用焦点小组访谈与问卷调查相结合的方法进行实证检验;探究了用户感知信息价值和感知社交价值对其心理契约违背的影响,以及用户在社群化阅读的情境下心理契约遭到违背后所引发的退出、建言、忠诚和忽略行为。研究表明:①感知社交价值和感知信息价值与用户的心理契约违背之间均有显著的负相关关系,但对交易型和关系型两种不同类型的心理契约影响有所差异;②社会化阅读用户的交易型心理契约违背与建言行为和忠诚行为均呈负向显著关系,但与忽略行为和退出行为并无显著关系;③关系型心理契约违背与建言行为和忠诚行为呈负向显著关系,与退出行为和忽略行为呈正向显著关系。图2。表6。参考文献 57。     

Co-developmental trajectories of psychological need satisfactions at school: Relations to mental health and academic functioning in Chinese elementary school students

This study explored the co-developmental trajectories of autonomy, competence and relatedness need satisfactions at school and their relations to mental health and academic functioning in Chinese elementary school students. An accelerated longitudinal design was used with a sample of three cohorts (grade 3, grade 4, and grade 5) (N = 1070, 45.8% female; M_age = 9.44, SD = 0.97) on four occasions at 6-month intervals. Parallel process latent class growth models revealed five heterogeneous patterns (i.e., Congruent-moderate; Congruent-high; Congruent-low; Congruent-decreasing; Low-autonomy, High-competence and relatedness), all of which significantly associated with time-varying mental health and academic functioning indicators. The findings highlight the importance of subgroup differences and possible cultural considerations in understanding the progression of psychological need satisfactions and the need for universal screening and dynamic monitoring of students’ psychological need satisfactions at school and implementing more sophisticated interventions tailored to the unique characteristics of the relevant subgroups to promote optimal mental health and learning.