Leveraging microgrants to support capacity-building workshops in low- and middle-income countries for meeting the Sustainable Development Goals

Twenty fifteen marked the year of assessment for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDGs that achieved the greatest success were those where evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions were implemented. The ability to practice evidence-based medicine is grounded in the creation of and access to medical literature that synthesizes research findings. The role that global health literature played in the success of the MDGs demonstrates that medical libraries and librarians have a role to play in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Librarians can hold capacity-building workshops that provide instruction on how to access evidence-based literature and also train health professionals to conduct synthesis research. Research findings conducted by in-country health professionals are more likely to address issues being faced by local communities and will afford the possibility of obtaining the necessary evidence-based answers that can then be used to implement policies to resolve public health issues identified in the SDGs.This paper discusses how an international team of librarians leveraged funding from a Medical Library Association/Librarians without Borders/Elsevier Foundation/Research4Life grant to hold a capacity-building workshop in Zimbabwe and follow-up online trainings. The workshop focused on accessing evidence-based resources and conducting synthesis research. Outcomes included the creation and policy implementation of evidence-based knowledge products in alignment with local needs and galvanizing a multisectoral group of key individuals who have gone on to collaborate toward the vision of creating a Zimbabwe innovation hub. Looking ahead, such grants can be leveraged to conduct capacity-building to support knowledge translation and other local training needs.     

Between-limb differences in running technique induces asymmetric negative joint work during running

Negative work, which is mainly generated by eccentric muscle contraction, has an important influence on the associated muscle damage. Generally, mechanical parameters are determined for one side of a lower extremity on the assumption of negligible between-limb differences. However, between-limb differences in the negative work of lower extremity joints during running remain unclear. This study examines between-limb differences in negative work and associated mechanical parameters during the contact phase of running. Twenty-five young adult males voluntarily participated in this study. Each participant was asked to run on a straight runway at a speed of 3.0?m?s^?1. Negative work, amplitude, duration of negative power, moment, and angular velocity were computed for both sides of the lower extremities. Significant differences were found in negative work between limbs for the hip (18.9?±?11.7%), knee (13.6?±?10.4%), and ankle (11.8?±?8.5%) joints. For the hip joint, asymmetric negative work was attributable to the between-limb difference in the amplitude of negative power owing to a corresponding difference in the moment. The between-limb differences concerning the duration and amplitude of negative power could explain the asymmetric negative work in the knee joint. The asymmetric negative work of the ankle joint was attributable to the between-limb difference in the amplitude and duration of the negative power and the moment. These results indicate that asymmetric negative work was generated in each lower extremity joint; however, the major mechanical parameters corresponding to the negative work are not the same across the joints.     

一种机载重轨InSAR高精度三维定位方法

在重轨干涉实际测量中,两次飞行航迹难以保持高度重合,飞行高度和姿态不稳定,干涉图像对存在明显不规则的相对形变,难以进行三维定位。通过分析重轨机载InSAR图像对的几何形变和形成原因,提出一种从精准的InSAR成像几何关系出发,通过修正成像参数,实现机载重轨InSAR高精度三维定位的方法。该方法通过引入地面控制点,实现干涉图像对精准的相对定位,生成高精度DEM;并利用高精度DEM,实现机载重轨InSAR高精度三维定位。对比检查点实测结果和定位结果,表明该方法可有效地解决机载重轨InSAR的三维定位困难的问题。     

云科-18选3的孕穗期耐冷性评价及遗传研究

在湛江2004和2005年度,于自然条件下对237个水稻材料进行大田分期播种试验和人工气候箱定温试验。并对所有这些材料进行孕穗期耐冷性评价,其中来源于云南农科院并经单株选择的云科-18选3能耐受12℃的低温,是所有供试材料中最为耐冷的。用云科-18选3作母本与不耐冷材料R6067作父本杂交,以低温条件下的自交结实率作为孕穗期的耐冷性评价指标,采用王建康等分析软件,研究表明云科-18选3孕穗期耐冷性受一对主效基因控制。     

Injectable hybrid inorganic nanoscaffold as rapid stem cell assembly template for cartilage repair

Cartilage injuries are often devastating and most cannot be cured because of the intrinsically low regenerative capacity of cartilage tissues. Although stem-cell therapy has shown enormous potential for cartilage repair, the therapeutic outcome has been restricted by low survival rates and poor chondrocyte differentiation in vivo. Here, we report an injectable hybrid inorganic (IHI) nanoscaffold that facilitates fast assembly, enhances survival and regulates chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. IHI nanoscaffolds that strongly bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins assemble stem cells through synergistic 3D cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, creating a favorable physical microenvironment for stem-cell survival and differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, chondrogenic factors can be loaded into nanoscaffolds with a high capacity, which allows deep, homogenous drug delivery into assembled 3D stem-cell-derived tissues for effective control over the soluble microenvironment of stem cells. The developed IHI nanoscaffolds that assemble with stem cells are injectable. They also scavenge reactive oxygen species and timely biodegrade for proper integration into injured cartilage tissues. Implantation of stem-cell-assembled IHI nanoscaffolds into injured cartilage results in accelerated tissue regeneration and functional recovery. By establishing our IHI nanoscaffold-templated 3D stem-cell assembly method, we provide a promising approach to better overcoming the inhibitory microenvironment associated with cartilage injuries and to advance current stem-cell-based tissue engineering.     

Laboratory medicine in pandemic of COVID-19

After the outbreak in China in the year 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread around the world causing a protracted pandemic. Approximately one-third of infections appear to be asymptomatic. Symptomatic disease is characterized primarily by symptoms of respiratory tract infection of varying severity. But Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is much more than an acute respiratory disease because SARS-CoV-2 affects many organs inducing a vast number of symptoms such as cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, dermatological, with numerous complications. Short and long-term effects of infection, severe ones, and especially mild forms of the disease which affect a huge number of patients need to be further investigated. Laboratory medicine has a crucial role in early diagnosis of the disease, recognition of the patients who need hospital care, and close monitoring of hospitalized patients to timely identify associated clinical complications as well as follow-up of patients with long-term COVID-19.     

CORBA技术在3G网络管理系统中的应用

文章主要介绍了CORBA技术以及它在3G网络管理系统中的应用.     

模具专业机械制图课程的教学改革研究

文章提出以三维CAD软件为教学手段,整合教学内容,添加模具零件图、装配图等专业知识,结合企业真实案例的教学方法,对高职模具专业机械制图课程进行教学改革。实践证明,只有将理论和实践相结合,紧跟时代和企业步伐,才能改变传统的枯燥教学模式,提高学生的学习兴趣,为后续的课程打下坚实基础。     

浅论CET-4改革后大学英语听力第二课堂的开展

随着《大学英语课程教学要求》的制定和CET-4题型的改革,原有的听力教学模式已不能完全满足学生的学习需要和考试要求。大学英语听力第二课堂以其丰富的内容和灵活的形式,遂成为听力教学不可或缺的组成部分。本文重点探讨了开展大学英语听力第二课堂教学的必要性、紧迫性及具体形式。     

Na2S2O3溶液标定实验的误差分析

本文针对Na2S2O3溶液标定实验的误差分析这一难点,通过引导学生归纳总结,得到的结论为所有的误操作都可引起消耗的V(Na2S2O3)变化,进而导致测定结果C(Na2S2O3)的变化,由此,笔者给出了如何避免误操作的建议.