中国欠发达资源富集区的界定、特征与功能定位

欠发达资源富集区是指经济发展水平较低但自然资源、特别是矿产资源较为丰富的地区,是我国最具典型意义的类型区。欠发达资源富集区,集经济落后性、社会复杂性、生态脆弱性、环境敏感性、资源富集性、致富迫切性等特点于一体,在中国经济区划、资源功能区划、生态环境功能区划、国土规划及主体功能区划中,均占有十分重要的地位。分析发现",资源诅咒"在部分欠发达资源富集区明显,已经严重影响到经济持续发展、社会和谐稳定、生态环境保护和资源合理开发。建立"资源诅咒"预警系统,采取包括资源措施、生态措施、产业措施等在内的系列措施,有效规避"资源诅咒"是欠发达资源富集区实现可持续发展的必由之路。     

气候变化背景下近50年来黑河流域冰川资源变化特征分析

本文运用RS和GIS,基于航空相片、地形图和遥感影像数据分析了近50a来黑河流域冰川资源变化特征。研究表明,1950s/1970s-2003年,该流域的335条冰川总面积缩小了29.6%,平均每条冰川缩小0.10km2,冰川末端平均后退258m,退缩比率达31.0%,且黑河干流以西的冰川面积缩小及末端退缩幅度均强于干流以东。分析认为,气温显著升高是黑河流域冰川快速萎缩的主导因素。与我国西部其它地区冰川变化相比,黑河流域冰川面积缩小幅度明显较大,且祁连山东、中、西段冰川变化存在显著的区域差异性,这是区域气候差异、冰川规模等因素综合作用的结果。     

基于决策列表的客户响应模型研究

决策列表是进行数据分析和数据挖掘的重要方法,一般用于形成公司决策和模型预测。文章介绍了决策列表、关联规则及其客户响应模型的构建,然后将决策列表算法应用于金融机构营销计划的实施中,通过对历史数据分析得到一些较为实用的预测性客户属性规则,提高销售效率。     

基于TRMM数据和区域综合Z指数的洞庭湖流域近10年旱涝特征分析

利用洞庭湖流域1999年1月-2008年12月间的TRMM3B43月降水量资料,通过区域综合Z指数的构建,旱涝等级的划分以及降水变差系数的计算,对洞庭湖流域近10年来的旱涝发生特点进行了分析,并通过与流域实测降水数据分析结果的对比,验证了TRMM数据在流域旱涝监测中具有很好的可行性和较高可信度。另外,研究结果显示:①在区域综合Z指数构建过程中,由于考虑了区域降水空间分布的不均匀性,文中的计算方法比通常采用的面积平均法更加符合实际;②TRMM数据格点在流域内均匀分布,可有效刻画流域降水的空间分布。其监测的流域旱涝结果较有限气象站点的监测结果更加真实、可靠;③受季节性季风降水及区内复杂地貌特征的影响,洞庭湖流域旱涝发生较为频繁,平均一年内大约有2.8个月和2.4个月,分别表现为流域性的洪涝和干旱。且总体上,流域性洪涝发生的频率和等级要高于干旱;④洞庭湖流域洪涝发生具有持续时间长的特征。在过去10年间,常常有持续2～3个月,甚至更长的洪涝或干旱发生;⑤洞庭湖流域西北部、西南部以及东南部的旱涝发生几率相对较高,而中部和东部的几率相对较低,尤其是北部湖区的几率最低。     

基于科学文献计量的国内区域创新生态系统的研究进展及趋势分析

采用文献计量分析方法,利用CiteSpace Ⅴ对2000-2020年间中国知网、万方数据和重庆维普期刊数据库收录的CSSCI、北大核心期刊和中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)中发表的关于区域创新生态系统的相关文献进行分析,探索区域创新生态系统研究现状及发展趋势.研究结果表明,国内区域创新生态系统的研究呈现出区域性特征,且各研究机构之间的合作较少;国内区域创新生态系统的研究热点主要聚焦于生态系统的共生演化和生态位等方面;结合区域特点、生态学特征以及利用多源异构数据进行研究是未来区域创新生态系统研究的重要趋势和方向.     

Exploring CO2 mitigation pathway of local industries using a regional-based system dynamics model

Low-carbon development based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions has become an important strategic choice for worldwide governments to achieve sustainable development. In order to support smart government in decision making, information systems have been developed to monitor and predict CO₂ emissions. Most of the existing studies investigate CO₂ emission amounts, identify influencing factors of CO₂ emission and discuss potential suggestions to mitigate CO₂ emission for different industries. They often focus on CO₂ emission research of industries in a region or country, while the integration of carbon flow in the neighboring regions is not well studied. Therefore, this paper proposes a system dynamics model to explore an optimal carbon emission reduction path of a regional industry by integrating regional differences, i.e., industrial comparative advantages, technology advantages and the inter-regional context between the neighboring regions. In the case study, we use a key industry in a typical industrial region of Western China, the cement industry in Chongqing, as a scenario to simulate the CO₂ emission, possible energy demand and cement production of the cement industry in this region for recent years. Simulation results show that by leveraging the regional differences, especially the collaboration of the industrial chain and production capacity among regions, the cement industry in Chongqing can achieve the low-carbon target. In addition, through the analysis and discussions about the features of our model and Chongqing’s cement industry, it reflects that our model using regional differences is applicable to industries with a common demand market at the regional level such as energy, chemical and steel industries.     

Creativity and regional innovation: Evidence from EU regions

We analyse the role of creative workers in the region as a source and foundational element of regional innovation in the European Union. We show the empirical relevance of this factor – which we label inspiration – within the structure of a recursive model of regional innovation for a set of 83 European regions. We show that, when differentiated from the presence of regional intelligence – as measured by the availability of human capital – and from technological infrastructure, inspiration, along with the degree of development of national and regional institutions, has the strongest direct and indirect effects on regional patenting activity.     

SOLINET's Gulf Coast Libraries Recovery Projects for Public and Academic Libraries

SUMMARY

In 2005, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita damaged many libraries along the Gulf Coast. Due to widespread destruction in communities, library recovery has been slow. With support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, SOLINET implemented two projects in 2006 to insure that library services remain available in the region. The projects provide temporary public library facilities in communities where libraries were destroyed, distribute grants to restore services at academic libraries and support planning in public libraries, and provide education to facilitate recovery. The projects also address planning for long-term recovery and improved preparedness for future disasters.     

项目反应理论在运动心理测量领域的运用与发展

:IRT模式是否可以用来评价心理运动技能 ,许多学者已经对传统的“技能测量”模式提出了异议 ,在此基础上简述了测量理论的发展和 IRT模式的原理 ,分析了 IRT在运动中的有用性及弊端 ,探讨了 IRT在运动心理行为测量中的未来发展方向     

基于信息传播障碍的区域数字图书馆实现模式研究

联盟运作机制、资源建设方案、服务运行方式三方面的模式构建是区域数字图书馆实现过程中的核心问题。信息传播障碍在区域数字图书馆此三方面的建设中都有体现。区域数字图书馆建设应以＂行业主导,行政辅助＂、＂计划为主,市场为辅＂、＂面向大众,关注小众＂的指导思想来分别设计联盟运作机制、资源建设方案、服务运行方式,以努力克服或回避信息传播障碍,建立运转有效的区域数字图书馆实现模式。