国外油服公司专利布局策略分析

在当前油价较低的情况下,国外油服公司仍然保持较高的专利申请量,其专利布局与主要业务市场紧密契合,业务遍及全球主要油气产区.国外油服公司专利申请比较系统,针对新技术、新产品、新方法进行全面的布局,其中以斯伦贝谢的专利布局最为全面,哈里伯顿近5年增速迅猛,年申请量超过斯伦贝谢.三大油服公司的授权专利占比50％左右,具有较好的保护效果.基于国内外技术现状,充分结合国内企业技术需求,建议建立突围式的专利布局,加强专利监测预警,借鉴、优化改进与组合相结合,实施关键技术外围包绕、差异化技术布局的策略.     

BP算法用于油气管道疲劳寿命估值的研究

管道运输油气具有损失少、耗时少等特点,但是管道安全事故也时有发生,对管道寿命的有效预测是解决管道安全问题的重要手段．针对油气管道寿命预测现状,提出了一种基于疲劳寿命影响因素的BP神经网络疲劳寿命估值方法,并建立BP算法模型;分析各特征要素,确定输入层节点数;用收集到的样本数据,训练并测试BP算法的稳定性及精确度．结果表明,精确度达90％以上,从工程应用角度来说可进入实用．     

金属切削乳化油生产工艺研究

用金属切削乳化油与水稀释成的乳化液在金属切削加工中具有冷却、润滑、清洗和防锈作用．乳化油的种类很多,生产工艺不尽相同,本文介绍了一种利用精脂酸和松香与碱直接皂化的产物作乳化剂、乙醇作稳定剂、加入高效防锈剂和极压剂来生产金属切削乳化油的新工艺．实践表明,采用这种工艺生产出的金属切削乳化油润滑性能和防锈性能好、乳化速度快、安定性好、具有一定经济效益．     

油色谱分析法诊断大型整流变压器运行状态有效性分析

通过对大型整流变压器油中溶解气体、油中含水量分析预防性试验,探讨预防性试验有效性,并对检测方法、故障诊断以及大型整流变压器状态检修的现状与发展提出建议。     

提高天津石化炼油竞争力的策略分析

用竞争的五种驱动力模型对天津石化炼油提高竞争力的有关因素进行分析，发现最佳运作是决定性的因素。提出天津石化提高炼油竞争力的策略是：走炼化一体化之路，实现企业整体效益最大；扩大炼油规模，提高炼油负荷率；优化资源，提高经济效益；大力降低操作成本，利用新技术提高炼油效率；解决如乙烯成本降低难度加大的问题，并进一步降低油品销售成本；提高资源利用率，为建设节约型社会做贡献；保护环境，搞好清洁生产和生产绿色产品。     

合成液体燃料的研究

以粗甲醇为原料合成的新型液体燃料使用结果表明：该液体燃料的火焰高度比石油液化气的火焰高２－４ｃｍ,并解决了积炭堵塞管道问题,使用效果较好。     

推动巴基斯坦在中国对非战略中发挥作用的实践构想

国家间的外交关系已越来越突破当事主体的范畴,而成为超当事主体或更多非当事主体互动的千千结网,在质性上亦由直接作用转换成了间接影响。借助第三国家或更多国家推进两国之关系,既引发了新的国际政治高潮,也增进了国际关系元素的构成。鉴于巴基斯坦优越的区位条件,及与其他国家的友好关系,在瓜达尔建立炼油和石化工业,能够从根本上提升巴基斯坦的国际影响力,能够在推动中国与非洲良性关系的互构上发挥积极作用,能够使中国在对非战略中免受被恶名相加为新殖民主义的罪恶,最终达到＂以正合＂、＂以奇胜＂的外交收益。     

油相分布对驱替效率的影响

目前我国注水开发油藏最终采收率通常虽然只有原始地质储量的30％～40％,但在今后相当长时期内注水开发仍然将是油田开采的主要生产方式,因此提高注水开发效率的重要性不言而喻。对水在不同驱替位置的油相驱替进行了室内模拟实验,发现油相分布不同驱替效率也大不相同。     

The evolution of Lucio Fontana's painting materials

Abstract

The study focuses on the range of pigments and media that the Italian artist Lucio Fontana (1899–1968) employed for selected works dating between 1949 and 1968. Samples were taken from ten groups of works, all on canvas support, as well as from painting equipment that survived in the artist's former two studios. Techniques of analysis used were pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for media identification, and laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and Raman microspectroscopy for pigment identification. Fontana's reputation as a daring and experimental artist, best known for his group of slashed paintings called tagli, is seen to correspond with certain unusual material choices he made. The study also points to several links that exist between seemingly unrelated cycles. These links are, among others, based on experiences with in part novel media such as oil, alkyd, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic, acrylic–vinyl, and mixtures of them. With regard to pigments, the selection of samples showed that they were mostly of a synthetic organic nature.     

应用烃类流体包裹体GOI和成分研究凝析气藏成藏过程：以准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区为例

The Grains containing Oil Inclusions （GOI） data in currently gas/condensate-beating Jurassic and Cretaceous reservoir sandstones of Well Pen 5 （the Mosuowan area of central Junggar Basin, NW China） are generally greater than the empirical threshold line of 5%. This is consistent with the gas-condensate section originally containing a palaeo-oil column. In order to assess the origin of the oil trapped in the oil inclusion and its relationship to the free oil/gas-condensate, a detailed molecular geochemical study was carried out for correlation between the free and inclusion oils. The paleo oil is most likely sourced from the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation, which generated hydrocarbons primarily during Late Triassic and the oils were later secondarily altered and dysmigrated along faults likely during Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous. In contrast, the current reservoired oil/gas-condensate mainly derived from the Middle Permian Lower Wuerhe Formation, whose peak generation time last from Late Cretaceous even to the present. This paper showed that integrated oil-bearing fluid inclusion analyses have likely allowed a complex multi-phase charge history to be recognized and resolved with a high degree of confidence.