论言语交际中语境的选择和操控

语境的生成是一个动态的过程,语境生成的动态性不仅体现在言语交际中参与者对相关语境要素的选择和调控上,也体现在言语交际活动之后双方对不同表意框架的选择上.该文通过对一起由手机短信所引发的争议的分析表明:言语交际的参与者为了达到特定的目的,可以对不同语境要素和表意框架进行选择,通过对语境的操控来影响释话人的行为.     

Classroom action research on formative assessment in a context-based chemistry course

Context-based science courses stimulate students to reconstruct the information presented by connecting to their prior knowledge and experiences. However, students need support. Formative assessments inform both teacher and students about students’ knowledge deficiencies and misconceptions and how students can be supported. Research on formative assessments suggests a positive impact on students’ science achievement, although its success depends on how the formative assessment is implemented in class. The aim of this study was to provide insights into the effects of formative assessments on achievement during a context-based chemistry course on lactic acid. In a classroom action research setting, a pre-test/post-test control group design with switching replications was applied. Student achievement was measured in two pre-tests, two post-tests and a retention test. Participants were Grade 9 students from one secondary school in the Netherlands. Repeated-measures analysis showed a significant effect of formative assessments on students’ achievement. During the implementation of the formative assessments, intriguing discussions emerged between students, between students and teacher, and between teachers. Adding formative assessments to context-based approaches reinforces their strength to meet with the current challenges of chemistry education. Formative assessments affect students’ achievement positively and stimulate feedback between students and teacher(s).     

‘Upturned participation’ and youth work: using a Critical Utopian Action Research approach to foster engagement

ABSTRACT

This article reflects on how participatory processes inspired by action research hold a genuine potential for developing social educational work in a more democratic way. We present our concept of ‘Upturned Participation’, which is built upon the methodological framework of Critical Utopian Action Research. First Critical Utopian Action Research is introduced briefly, including a presentation of the core method of the action research approach. We then present an extract from an action research project aimed at creating space for participation for marginalized young people in the area of Copenhagen. On this basis, we reflect on how the ideas of the young people could influence the field of social work. The article addresses contemporary challenges and opportunities for creating development in the field of youth work or social work through participatory processes with marginalized young people.     

关于模拟法庭实践教学的探索与研究

模拟法庭教学是法学教育中一种重要的实践教学方式，但教学实践中对模拟法庭教学实践活动开展的并不理想，存在许多不尽如人意的地方。本文从法学教育教学实际出发，提出应当在以下几个方面加强模拟法庭实践教学活动：将模拟法庭作为一门独立课程列入人才培养计划；建设好够规模、设备齐全的模拟法庭实验室；确定与完善模拟法庭教学活动开展的具体环节与步骤；开展模拟法庭的课程建设；在模拟法庭教学活动中运用多种的教学方法；保证经常性的、典型的案例来源渠道。     

系统功能语言学对外语教学的启示

系统功能语法包括“系统语法”和“功能语法”两个部分，但这不是两种语法的简单总和，而是一种完整的语言理论框架的两个不可分割的部分．从韩礼德时语言学和语言的一些基本观点，本文进一步探索贯穿于他的系统功能语法的理论核心。本文主要讨论了系统功能语言学的六个主要思想：纯理功能的思想，系统的思想，层次的思想，功能的思想，近似的或盖然的思想，语境的思想。韩礼德的系统功能语法思想时外语教学具有深刻地的启示意义。本文主要从四个方面来论述这个问题：把外语作为系统来教，语言形式与语言功能在外语教学中并重，在语境教学中进行词汇的文化和语用知识导入。     

批判格莱斯合作原则,探索理解会话含义的新途径

:由于会话含义是隐含于字面意义中的说话者的真实意义 ,缺乏直观性 ,这就为语言的理解 ,特别是跨文化交际中会话含义的理解带来了困难。而格莱斯合作原则只是在微观方面分析了会话含义的产生 ,具有自身的局限性 ,只有结合宏观方面 ,把二者统一起来 ,才能全面地理解会话含义     

语法里的歧义现象

歧义是比较常见的语法现象.最普通的歧义由多义词引起.另外,句子构造层次、语法关系、成分的类型不同,也会造成句法歧义.词汇以外的原因引起的歧义是语境歧义.这三种歧义现象使语言的运用更加丰富多彩.     

我国社会稳定研究综述

本文从社会稳定的内涵、形态、特征、影响社会稳定的新因素和实现社会稳定的对策等方面,比较全面、系统地梳理和归纳了近年来我国理论界关于社会稳定研究的最新成果.     

Teacher Judgments of Student Reading and Math Skills: Associations With Child- and Classroom-Related Factors

The purpose of the study was to examine whether students’ linguistic skills and task-avoidant behavior (i.e., the child-related factors) and the mean level of academic skills (reading comprehension and math) of classmates (i.e., the class-related factor) are associated with teacher judgments of children’s reading comprehension and math skills. The participants were third-grade Estonian-speaking students (n?=?656; age 9?11 years) and their classroom teachers (n?=?51). The results of the structural equation modeling path analyses indicated that teachers tend to judge students showing higher academic and linguistic skills and lower avoidance behavior as higher on the reading comprehension and math skills. In contrast, the classmates’ higher academic skill level was related to lower judgments of individual children’s reading comprehension and math skills by teachers.     

设计性物理实验教学模式研究与探索

分析教学模式的实质和特点,针对传统物理实验教学模式存在的问题,结合设计性物理实验特点,研究适合设计性物理实验的教学模式,并在教学实践中进行探索和实践,以提高学生的实验能力和综合素质。