风险刑法及其理论前题与批判

风险社会的提出近年来引起热议,风险社会所勾勒出现代社会的灾难性图景促使刑法学界试图提出风险刑法来应对风险的侵袭.但是综合风险刑法的观点,其对风险社会的理解出现谬误,导致风险刑法失去理论根据.需要通过对风险社会理论的阐释,分析风险刑法在理论构建时对风险社会理解的层次谬误,对其以来的理论前提进行“证伪”才能揭示风险刑法的“伪命题”实质.     

国防科技工业军民融合资源效率风险研究

效率可分为价值形态效率和非价值形态效率,研究军民融合效率必须从非价值角度或从投入品和产出品价格相对不变情况下的价值角度出发。对国防科技工业军民融合效率风险相关概念、根源等基本问题进行界定,从竞争与垄断、生产规模、分工、多元化等四个方面分析了军民融合资源效率风险的关系和发生机理。为了规避军民融合资源效率风险,需遵循军民融合发展规律,健全融合管理机制,净化军民市场环境。     

Association between psychosocial stressors with emotional and behavioral problems among children of low-income addicted families living in Brazil

BackgroundChildren exposed to substance use in their families are vulnerable to multiple risk factors in their development and at increased risk for emotional and behavioral problems. The aims of the study were as follows 1) estimate the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems among children aged 6–11 years old, living with addicted family members in a low-income urban community of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil; 2) evaluate the children’s exposure to family psychosocial stressors and substance use; and 3) investigate the factors related to the increased risk of emotional and behavioral problems and substance use.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 101 children aged 6–11 years old (M = 9.16 years, SD = 1.61). The instruments used were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Psychosocial Stress Factors (PSF).ResultsHigh prevalence of problems was found for this sample: the CBCL showed 26.7% of clinical scores for Internalizing Problems, 40.6% for Externalizing Problems, and 40.6% for Total Problems. Exposure to family psychosocial stressors was also high, including severe disease (33%), physical aggression (28.9%), death (27.8%), psychiatric hospitalization (16.7%), suicide attempts (15.5%), and suicide (9.3%). Exposure to these family stressors was associated with an increase of two to four times in the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing problems.ConclusionsChildren exposed to substance abusers have more mental health problems than general population, even when compared to peers living in similar low-income areas. This is a group that should be target of a selective preventive intervention.     

Trade-Offs, Biases, and Uncertainty in Project Planning and Execution: A Problem-Based Simulation Exercise

The ability to plan and execute projects is a fundamental skill required among managers and business school graduates. In the opening phase of a project, the project team makes decisions about the relative priority of project time, cost, and performance objectives, oftentimes without complete information about customer and stakeholder requirements. Existing project management curriculum assists in developing skills to decide among these priorities in the abstract through paradigms such as the time–cost–performance triangle, with limited attention to the improvement of skills required to develop solutions to these trade-offs, particularly in uncertain and ambiguous project environments. Further, there is often an underlying bias in project teams toward consideration of the project task and project deliverables and reduced attention to time and cost objectives. This study demonstrates the benefits of a balanced approach to setting project time, cost, and performance objectives using a goal-based simulation exercise entitled "The Bridge to Project Leadership." Results for 124 project teams illustrate the tendency to ignore this balanced approach, resulting in reduced project performance, even among experienced project managers.     

“城中村”的困惑：向下的青春——广西南宁市A村校外青少年高危行为的社会学调查

通过对广西南宁市一个“城中村”社区校外青少年的生存状态与高危行为的社会学调查,对其行为表现、特点和成因进行了分析,并对“城中村”的青少年工作和社区文化建设提出了建议。     

高校风险评估管理体系研究

随着时代发展和竞争的加剧,高校面临前所未有的风险。因此有必要对高校面临的风险因素及应对策略进行评估分析,为高校进行风险管理提供理论依据和实践基础。运用风险管理、内部控制的原理和方法,探索、研究和构建高校风险评估的基本理论、模式和框架,建立一套符合现代高校特点的风险评估管理体系,对高校面临的风险及应对策略进行分析评估,可以为高校进行风险管理,规避风险提供理论依据和实践基础,是高校改革的深化与管理现代化的新方向。     

外汇注资:化解高校扩张财政风险的新思路

高校是我国公益性的投资部门,但存在一定的发展边界,盲目扩张会产生边界风险。目前,由于我国对高校实行廉价的制度供给,在银行信用的推动下,高校存在边界风险,并将引发财政风险。解决的新路径是利用外汇储备给高校注资,实现外汇储备向能力储备转化。     

明代言官的职业风险及保障机制

明代言官以言为职,在履职时面临着双重风险：一是皇帝的威胁和摧抑,二是周边各种势力的打击报复。为保证言官尽职,明代确立了一些激励和保障机制,包括鼓励直言、慎选言官、畀以重权、给予重赏、严加考察以及相应的人身保护等。这些保障机制在一定程度上激励了言官不畏风险,恪尽职守,在明中期以前发挥了较好的作用。但由于专制体制下皇权决定一切,而明代皇帝素质又普遍低下,言官保障机制不断被破坏,言官的职业风险更为突出,致使言官群体在晚明时期不断分化蜕变,从一个侧面揭示了明代士大夫的悲剧命运。     

Better safe than sorry? Risk and educational research

This paper presents the argument that education and the teaching profession have been saturated by a new form of risk consciousness and risk consideration. The aim is to shed light on this issue and present a number of empirical examples and questions of interest in educational research. Furthermore, the paper presents some of the central theories regarding risk and an attempt is made to relate these theories to an epistemological framework. The article also emphasizes the problems and issues that arise from the way teachers think, experience and manage risk in their daily work, and examines how this affects their didactic intentions and, in the long run, also the pupils’ learning potential. It is the intention of the authors, in the scientific as well as in the professional discussion, to reintroduce the positive connections between teaching and risk zones, as well as between professional development and risk taking.     

Faculty/Staff Perceptions of a Standards-Based Exit Portfolio System for Graduate Students

New standards for certification were recently developed for speech–language pathology graduate training programs by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. The new standards are outcomes-based rather than process-based. Using a collective case study approach, this article highlights the perceptions of faculty and staff regarding use of a standards-based exit portfolio system for students in a Speech–Language Pathology graduate program at a medium-sized, public university after two semesters of use.Tena L. McNamara received a B.S. degree in Speech Pathology and Audiology and an M.S. degree in Audiology from Bradley University, and the Doctor of Audiology Degree from the University of Florida. She is now Assistant Professor at Illinois State University. Special interests include soundfield FM systems utilized in classroom settings, auditory processing disorders, electrophysiology, and phonological awareness. Rita L. Bailey is a speech–language pathologist and holds a B.S. and an M.S. in Speech–Language Pathology and an Ed.D. in Special Education, all from Illinois State University. She is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology at Illinois State University. Her primary research interests include pediatric dysphagia, service-learning, alternative-augmentative communication methods, and voice. E-mail: tlmcnam@ilstu.edu.