The impact of PISA and the interrelation and development of assessment policy and assessment theory in Japan

PISA presents a new image for academic achievement, which has prompted Japanese education reforms over the past decade to innovate teaching and learning for ‘PISA-style literacy’. Supported by theoretical foundations, particularly with regard to the concept of ‘PISA literacy’ and ‘authentic assessment’, these reforms have accomplished progress in the focus on higher order competencies, such as application and the development of new assessment strategies. However, more recently, various critical discussions of ‘PISA literacy’ are underway in the Japanese academy. They interrogate it more critically and reveal the narrow emphasis on functional application and technical operation. Current assessment practices, which tend to fall into ‘criteria compliance’, are in urgent need of review. There is a need to extend the critical discussions in progress to the new assessment strategies. This paper responds to this, by considering the Japanese acceptance of ‘PISA literacy’ and its assessment, discussing the features and limitations.     

人造金刚石提纯废水处理沉淀池的设计

本文对人造金刚石提纯废水进行了研究,在试验和分析的基础上,根据生产实际设计出科学实用的竖流式沉淀池,可对悬浮固体的有用成分进行回收,能取得一定的经济效益。     

童亭煤矿矿井充水条件分析

分析了童亭煤矿矿井的充水水源、充水通道、矿井涌水量，“四含水层”是矿井主要的涌水水源之一，主采煤层顶底板砂岩裂隙水，直接影响矿井生产，水量在330m^3／h左右，10煤底板“灰岩水”在遇导水断层或陷落柱时，有突水淹井的可能。     

高校贫困生心理初探

近些年来,随着我国高等教育政策的调整,高校贫困生的比例也呈上涨趋势。贫困生心理问题已成为高校思政工作关注的一个重要内容。如何有效帮助他们克服这些问题已引起每一位思政工作者的深深思考。本文就这一问题从两个方面做一些粗浅的探讨。     

以评估为契机,实现柳林电大的跨越式发展

柳林电大以评估为契机,从转变观念入手,改革教学与管理模式,加强队伍建设,注重“过程监控”,加大硬件实施建设,努力实现柳林电大的跨越式发展。     

魏晋南北朝时期的漕运与管理

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Students with special educational needs within PISA

Abstract

Since 2003, the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) has included students with special educational needs (SEN), identified as those with functional disabilities, those with cognitive/behavioural/emotional disabilities and those with limited test language proficiency. While the number of countries and included students has increased with each test administration, the percentage of students with SEN remains extremely low. The inclusion of these students is not an intentional PISA design parameter but rather a response to the interaction between the need to maintain strict sampling criteria and country-level educational mandates to include SEN students in standardised testing. Based on the analysis of student participation and performance across four cycles of PISA (2003–2012), this paper examines the challenges that exist in current PISA procedures related to: student sampling, eligibility and identification; assessment methodology; and reporting results. PISA practices, their limitations for scientific inferences and recommendations for design improvements are given.     

现浇钢筋混凝土屋面渗漏原因分析及预防措施

现浇钢筋混凝土屋面渗漏原因复杂，该文从结构层裂缝及防水层处理两方面入手，系统地分析了屋面设计及施工中可能引发裂缝的潜在问题；指出了如结构配筋处理、介入防水粉添加荆、板厚高度控翻、防水层施工等一系列的防裂防水措施，有效地解决屋面渗漏问题。     

黄土高原水保基本模式对福建水土流失治理思路的启示

黄土高原是我国水土流失严重的地区之一。在长期的防治过程中,以因地制宜、因害设防、除害兴利、为发展地方经济服务的原则,坚持工程措施、生物措施、农业措施相结合的综合治理思想,根据水土流失区的实际条件制定相应措施,在黄土高原地区总结了许多行之有效的基本治理模式,积累了许多成功的治理经验,其中主要包括五道防线基本治理模式、三道防线基本治理模式、小流域综合基本治理模式及县域水土流失基本治理模式。这些基本治理模式和成功经验对福建及我国其它地区水土流失防治有着重要的帮助及借鉴作用。     

农村职业学校教师压力问题探析

本文描述了农村职业学校教师在经济待遇、社会地位、工作负荷、岗位作为以及人际关系等方面存在的压力, 并就压力存在的原因,缓解压力的策略从社会、政府、学校和教师本身等方面进行了分析与思考。