第52届国际阿尔泰学会议综述

第52届国际阿尔泰学会议于2009年7月26日至31日在呼和浩特市举行。这是常设国际阿尔泰学会议自1957年成立以来第一次在中国大陆举行的年会,同时也是第一次在阿尔泰语系主要语言之一的蒙古语地区举办的年会。这次会议的召开不仅具有重要的学术意义,而且还有深远的历史意义。内蒙古大学和中国阿尔泰学会共同主办了本届会议。围绕“阿尔泰世界的神话与秘境”这一会议主题,来自欧洲、美洲及亚洲15个国家和地区的90余名学者发表了各自的研究成果。根据内容,提交会议的论文大致分为几类：（1）语言学研究论文。这类论文主要在蒙古、突厥、满一通古斯、契丹、日本等阿尔泰语系诸语言以及乌拉尔语系某些语言的语音、语法、词汇、词源、文字等领域进行了研究;（2）有关阿尔泰语系各民族神话传说、传统文化、生活习俗及宗教信仰的学术论文;（3）有关历史事件、历史人物和历史文献的学术论文;（4）有关阿尔泰语系诸民族文学艺术的学术论文。     

Are new technology-based firms located on science parks really more innovative?: Evidence from Taiwan

The establishment of science parks is employed as a vital strategy for developing high-tech industries in many countries. Whether new technology-based firms (NTBFs) located within science parks are, in comparison to their counterparts located outside of science parks, more efficient in terms of R&D investment remains less explored. The purpose of this paper is to compare the R&D productivity of NTBFs located within and outside of science parks by measuring the elasticity of R&D with respect to output. Using panel data for NTBFs located within and outside the Hsinchu Science Industrial Park (HSIP) in Taiwan, our empirical findings show that the elasticity of R&D with respect to outputs of NTBFs located within HSIP is significantly higher than that of other firms. These findings further reveal that NTBFs located in the science park invest more efficiently. Our results also indicate a slight advantage in R&D for firms in the science park, arising from the fact that the science park offers a clustering effect and establishes links among firms and research institutions.     

基于SPC3与AT89S52的PROFIBUS-DP智能从站接口设计

本文从芯片开发角度提出了通过西门子公司SPC3 Atmel公司AT89SS2搭接硬件电路和SPC3的RS-485网络接口电路,基本实现了RFOFIBUS-DP智能从站的设计预期.     

基于AT89S52单片机设计智能锅炉控制系统

基于AT89S52单片机,利用各种传感器对锅炉进行温度,压力与水位监测,根据锅炉状态对水位、炉膛空气、电动机电源进行控制,并对锅炉缺水,超压、超温进行字符,语音提示,实现多级控制的智能锅炉控制系统.     

When access to drugs meets catch-up: Insights from the use of CL threats to improve access to ARV drugs in Brazil

Access to affordable lifesaving medicines is considered a human right. This leads to a question largely understudied in the catch-up literature on accumulation of industrial capabilities. Can the need to improve access to an essential commodity impact the sectoral catch-up trajectory of the corresponding industry? In 1996, Brazil initiated a policy of universal and free access to highly-active ARV therapy, which put an enormous pressure on the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH). In order to ensure an adequate supply of ARVs in the public healthcare system with a limited budget, MoH started negotiating price reductions for high-cost patented drugs, often deploying the threat of using compulsory licensing. Through a scoping review of the literature and construction of the Brazilian case study, the paper explores how the need to access is impacted by prior catch-up in the pharmaceutical sector and triggers in turn future sectoral catch-up. It shows that price negotiations may or may not impact both catch-up and access positively. Catch-up can provide bargaining strength in price negotiations and have a positive inter-temporal impact on both future catch-up and access. However, results suggest that only successful catch-up can lead to long term access, as the capabilities accumulated in aborted catch-up are not sufficient for large scale production of low cost essential medicines. Thus, industrial policy and health policy can impact one another and twining between catch-up and access can be helpful.     

On the value of foreign PhDs in the developing world: Training versus selection effects in the case of South Africa

When seeking to improve science in emerging economies, uncertainty exists whether PhD training in an emerging economy can yield comparable results to PhD training in the developed world. Scientific achievements may vary because of excellent training at good universities, but also because excellent students select (and are selected by) good universities. This paper compares the career effects of overseas and domestic PhD training for scholars working in an emerging economy, South Africa. We differentiate between and examine both selection and training effects for PhDs from three tiers of South African and two tiers of foreign universities. South African academics with PhDs from universities in industrialised countries generally achieve greater career success than those with local PhDs, but training by universities in industrialised countries is not necessarily better than local training. Our results suggest that the perceived superiority of foreign PhD training stems from selection rather than do training effects, and pure selection effects in fact explain career outcomes better than training effects. Focusing on training rather than selection, PhDs from top South African universities produce a similar quantity and quality research output to those trained by the leading universities in the developed world. From the perspective of an emerging economy with limited resources wishing to advance science, the development of local universities should thus be stressed, although it is clear that individuals who are able to study for a PhD abroad gain personally when they return.     

公交智能控制器的研究

在STC89C52的基础上系统由ISD1420语音芯片、LED数码管、矩阵式键盘、DS18B20温度传感器、CYBER8EN湿度传感器等部分组成.利用STC89C52单片机作为CPU来进行总体控制,通过语音芯片ISDl420组成的语音控制电路能够建立多段语音库信息,并且可以对这些段的语音信息进行自由的组合,形成变化多样的语音提示信息,同时使用LED数码管及矩阵式键盘电路,能够实现公交车的语音报站及站牌显示.在CPU控制模式下,LED数码管显示及矩阵式键盘电路由HD7279A进行管理,可以实现对数码管的动态扫描及对键盘的消抖,并通过软件来实现键号所对应键的功能,同时STC89C52内部产生的1s中断可对温度及湿度进行采样.因此当汽车到达某站时通过键盘来控制系统进行工作,通过语音输出电路进行语音报站和提示,通过LED数码管可以对温度、湿度及站牌进行显示.     

基于单片机的交通控制系统设计

本设计由单片机系统、键盘、数码管显示、交通灯演示系统组成。系统包括人行道、左转、右转以及基本的交通灯的功能。     

基于AT89LV52和CC1000的无线测温系统的设计

本文阐述了一种无线测温系统的功能和设计方法,给出了硬件框图和程序流程图.介绍了以AT89LV52为核心的控制模块,CC1000无线发射模块的设计思路,重点介绍温度采集的方法和使用的通信协议.本系统不仅具有很高的可靠性,与国内外目前的主流无线温度测量系统相比,本系统在测温精度上也达到了较高的水平.     

多功能电力参数测试仪

介绍了一种基于89C52单片机电力参数测试系统的组成和检测原理。系统利用双保持器解决了电压电流的同步测量。利用倍频锁相环路防止了被测信号的失真。同时解决了无法进行在线测试的难题,使得低压供电系统对电力的分配与调度更加合理,更加快捷。