马克思的实践观：从《1844年经济学哲学手稿》到《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》

＂实践＂是马克思唯物主义形成的理论起点,《1844年经济学哲学手稿》是马克思主义实践观的开端,《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》使马克思科学的实践观予以正式确立,两者的实践观是一脉相承的。     

Cataloging Matters for Digital Preservation

A serials cataloger reflects on the challenges posed by digital preservation and the availability of bibliographic metadata outside of the traditional library catalog.     

Digital Transformation Challenges for Universities: Ensuring Information Consistency Across Digital Services

Abstract

Universities struggle to offer complete, up-to-date and consistent information about their key assets to their numerous users across various digital services and communication channels. Key assets include people, papers, books, dissertations, patents, courses, and research projects. The main difficulty stands in the intrinsic data fragmentation and data diversity: data about the key assets is scattered across multiple information silos, data is often duplicated and difficult to correlate due to the diversity in the format, metadata, conventions, and terminology used. We illustrate how this difficulty can be tackled and describe the work carried out at the University of Trento in Italy.     

Purpose-driven Assessment of Cataloging and Metadata Services: Transforming Broken Links into Linked Data

Abstract

In response to the impact of emerging technologies, this article examines the relationship between strategic planning and the assessment methodologies of cataloging and metadata services and explores (or “suggests” if appropriate) how to assess cataloging and metadata activities more effectively and relevantly. Besides literature review, the author conducted surveys for more than seventy librarians and follow-up interviews with three library administrators. The results indicate the gap between strategic planning and assessment for cataloging and metadata services, and identify the significance of impact and users’ needs in strategic planning for the assessment of cataloging and metadata services. These elements are critical in transforming the broken links in the current cataloging assessment into a purpose-driven assessment corresponding to users’ needs and evolving technologies.     

Video Preservation and Digital Reformatting: Pain and Possibility

SUMMARY

The digital library community is increasingly concerned with long-term preservation of digital materials. This concern presents an opportunity for strategic alliances between digital library units and preservation departments confronting the difficulties inherent in preservation reformatting of moving image materials. However, successful collaboration between digital library and preservation departments may require adjustments to the work practices of each group, including their creation and management of metadata and their definition of acceptable practice with respect to preservation reformatting.     

Metadata for Geographic Information

Abstract

Users of geographic data may not be able to afford to purchase and implement a dataset that does not finally meet their needs. Therefore, metadata has a very important role in the information supply environment of geographic data. The development of national/local spatial data infrastructures recognizes the importance of metadata, as do the digital libraries providing spatial data.

The new ISO 19115:2003 standard of metadata for geographic information is introduced briefly. In particular, geographic information can be made available as digital maps (or images) that are meant for visual use, or as datasets meant for computational use. Metadata for digital maps is closely related to the metadata elements for conventional maps and can be enhanced by providing a sample map with the data. The case of computational use of geographic data is more complex. There are several details that may appear crucial when determining the fitness of data for an intended use. Understanding the importance of the crucial factors in each use case requires professional skills from the users of metadata.     

Metadata Quality Control in Digital Repositories and Collections: Criteria,Semantics, and Mechanisms

This article evaluates practices on metadata quality control in digital repositories and collections using an online survey of cataloging and metadata professionals in the United States. The study examines (1) the perceived importance of metadata quality, (2) metadata quality evaluation criteria and issues, and (3) mechanisms for building quality assurance into the metadata creation process. The survey finds wide recognition of the essential role of metadata quality assurance. Accuracy and consistency are prioritized as the main criteria for metadata quality evaluation. Metadata semantics greatly affects consistent and accurate metadata application. Strong awareness of metadata quality correlates with the widespread adoption of various quality control mechanisms, such as staff training, manual review, metadata guidelines, and metadata generation tools. And yet, metadata guidelines are used less frequently as a quality assurance mechanism in digital collections involving multiple institutions.     

Free Books: Loading Brief MARC Records for Open-Access Books in an Academic Library Catalog

Mbooks are open-access, digitized books freely available on the Internet. This article describes the Auraria Library's experience of loading brief MARC records for Mbooks into its online public access catalog and looks at some of the issues that arose from the record-loading project. Despite the low quality of the records, librarians in Auraria Library thought that loading them into the catalog was advantageous because of the rich content in the collection and because many of the records could be improved using the global update functionality in the catalog. Making the records available through the catalog, as opposed to merely linking to the entire collection from the Library's Web page, was considered to be valuable because of the aggregation a catalog provides and because the Mbooks collection helped fill gaps in the Library's physical collections. As more open-access, digitized books become available, libraries will need to plan and manage how best to provide access to them.     

Cataloging the Congressional Serial Set

ABSTRACT

Many librarians question the usefulness of the traditional cataloging of difficult historic sets in a time when more and more information moves either to the Internet or is digitized outright. One of the most challenging sets to catalog is the United States Congressional Serial Set, a 14,000+ (and growing) mega serial comprised of five monographic sub-series. The Congressional Serial Set is an anomaly since it is both monographic and serial in nature. This article examines the intricacies in cataloging government publications in an electronic atmosphere using one House document in the Serial Set as a guide and examines the two commercial digitization projects currently underway.¹