Sensitive educational research in small states and territories: the case of Macau

This paper explores the sensitivities of conducting educational research in small states and territories, where the very act of conducting research, aside from its purposes or focuses, is itself a sensitive matter. The paper takes a ‘critical case study’ of Macau and examines cultural, educational, political, micro‐political, interpersonal and practical issues, overlaid by characteristics of Chinese culture, that must be factored into the planning and conduct of research in the territory. It suggests that compromises and trade‐offs have to be made in educational research in small states and territories, and argues that researchers must anticipate a range of problems in advance, and, through ingenuity, networking and sensitivity, overcome them. The magnification of sensitivities in small states and territories contributes to their special educational ecology; investigating these is frequently an interpersonal as well as a research matter.     

Assay of tubercular antibody, circulating free and immune complexed antigen in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis

Analysis of tubercular antibody, circulating free and immune complexed antigen (CIC-Ag) was done in confimed pulmonary tuberculosis sera by ELISA, using ES-31 antigen and affinity purified anti ES-31 antibody. Twenty three of 25 (92%) tuberculosis sera were positive for IgG antibody to ES-31 antigen. Using anti ES-31 antibody, free tubercular antigen could be detected in 20 of 25 (80%) cases whereas circulating immune complexed antigen (CIC-Ag) in 18 of 25 (72%) cases by sandwich ELISA. Of the two sera showing absence of antibody, one showed presence of free and CIC-Ag whereas the other showed the presence of free antigen. Thus antigen assay may be used as an adjunct tool for confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis.     

Development and evaluation of immunoassay for zeranol in bovine urine

A high affinity polyclonal antibody-based enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was developed for the quantification of zeranol in bovine urine. On the basis of urine matrix studies, the optimized dilution factors producing insignificant matrix interference were selected as 1：5 in pretreatment. In the improved ELISA, the linear response range was between 0.02 and 1 μg/ml, and the detection limit was 0.02 μg/ml for the assay. The overall recoveries and the coefficients of variation （CVs） were in the range of 82%-127% and 3.5%-8.8%, respectively. Thirty-six bovine urine samples spiked with zeranol （ranging from 0.2 to 10 μg/ml） were detected by the ELISA and liquid chromatography （LC） method, and good correlations were obtained between the two methods （R^2=0.9643）. We conclude that this improved ELISA is suitable tool for a mass zeranol screening and can be an altemative for the conventional LC method for zeranol in bovine urine.     

六盘山自然保护区不同类型植被对人类旅游干扰的响应

从人类旅游干扰与生态系统响应互作的双重视角,选择保护区3个核心景区的不同植被类型,在初春植物萌芽敏感期(旅游“五一”黄金周期间),分别进行0～500次的践踏处理,并在2周、3个月后跟踪调查植被与土壤的响应情况。研究结果表明：①旅游践踏强度与植物生长负效应呈显著相关,各种类型植被都表现为高度降低,盖度下降,种群发生变异,土壤硬度增加等负面效应,即使经过2周和3个月恢复,践踏对植被生长负面影响并没有消失,仍在持续; ②不同植被类型对人类旅游践踏干扰响应差别较大。小南川景区对旅游践踏响应最大,梁殿峡次之,野荷谷最小; ③结合旅游者对景区土壤裸露度的可接受改变限度(Limits of Acceptable Change,LAC)测定,小南川景区在处理前后,均超过了LAC阈值;梁殿峡景区仅在500次践踏强度处理下,2周后LAC超过阈值,3个月后,恢复到LAC阈值以内;野河谷景区在75～500次践踏处理后,2周内都超过LAC阈值, 3个月后250次和500次处理仍超过阈值水平。可见,瞬间饱和践踏很容易对植被带来重大破坏,这些后续变化已影响到旅游者游憩体验。3种地表植被类型中,除野荷谷景区外,小南川和梁殿峡景区植被长期管理问题十分突出。因此,在目前保护区缺乏系统规划建设前提下,采取相关措施已十分必要。     

芜湖地区猪“高热病”血清流行病学分析

用ELISA法对芜湖地区猪场和散养户的猪"高热病"进行猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒、猪圆环病毒2-型、猪瘟等血清抗体分析研究,结果显示本地区猪高热病主要为猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征和圆环病毒的混合感染,通过试验结果,分析了此类疫病在芜湖地区的流行情况,提出科学有效的防控措施。     

Prevalence of +405G>C,−1154G>A Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Polymorphism in Breast Cancer

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in the development of Breast Cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of polymorphisms in the VEGF gene on prognosis of Breast Cancer patients. This study comprised 200 patients with histologically confirmed cases of Breast cancer and 200 controls. Genotyping of the VEGF gene polymorphisms at +405G>C,−1154G>A, were performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. Preoperative plasma VEGF levels were determined by ELISA. Amongst both cases and controls, the genotypic distribution of the individual SNPs were all in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Mean VEGF level was significantly elevated in cases compared to controls (t = 8.248; P < 0.001). No significant association was found between +405G>C,−1154G>A VEGF polymorphism and Breast Cancer. Logistic regression analysis revealed that 405GG & 1154GG were associated with higher levels of VEGF.     

室内暴力智能监控系统设计

介绍了一种基于视频的室内暴力监控系统。主要通过图像敏感色检测、图像帧序列的运动检测两个方面进行暴力事件监控识别,再利用计算机对监控信息进行分析处理,把计算机分析的结果传送到监控者手中。     

Importance of Serum Copper and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF-A) Levels in Postmenopausal Bleeding

The main aim of this study is association of serum copper and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) in postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) patients. Blood samples were collected from female patients suffering with postmenopausal bleeding (n = 50) as well as healthy females as controls (n = 50). Serum copper levels were estimated by spectrophotometric method and serum VEGF-A by ELISA technique and compared with ultrasonographic measurement of endometrial thickness in both patients and controls. A significant increase in serum copper levels and an almost twofold increase in serum VEGF-A was observed in DUB patients when compared with controls. Correlation (r) between serum VEGF-A levels and endometrial thickness was 0.96. Odds ratio for copper, VEGF-A and combination of copper and VEGF-A was 0.0426, 0.0947 and 0.0313 respectively, in all these cases odds ratio was <1. The abnormal angiogenesis in PMB could be due to increased serum copper levels,which in turn stimulates factors like VEGF-A, thereby causing an increase in endometrial growth.     

TNF-α与中医阴虚证相关性的研究

[目的]探讨肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)与阴虚证的相关性,以验证TNF-α细胞因子在阴虚证的发生发展过程中的重要作用.[方法]采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对39例阴虚证患者血清标本进行TNF-α水平检测,并与正常健康组作对照.[结果]阴虚证患者血清TNF-α水平明显升高,于正常对照组比较有显著性差异(p<0.05).[结论]本文结果表明,血清TNF-α水平升高可能参与阴虚证的发生发展和免疫功能紊乱过程.