实验室自制胆红素的光谱检测及其效用

胆红素是分析化学和生化研究的重要试剂,是国内外紧缺的医药原料.本文阐述了运用大型仪器,以生物光学显擞镜、傅立叶红外光谱法、紫外分光光度法、荧光激发光谱法对实验室自制的胆红素的品位和含量进行了相互认证式测定,且注意了测试条件.此外,从胆红素的生理功能和药理作用,介绍它在医药、食品、保健品和化妆品中的功效和应用.     

复方中草药添加剂对鸡蛋胆固醇含量和血清生化指标的影响

选择产蛋率和体重相近的39周龄罗曼褐壳蛋鸡300只,随机分成5组,每组设4个重复,每个重复15只鸡。试验期8周。基础日粮作为空白对照组,试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ分别在基础日粮中添加1%的复方中草药添加剂,研究复方中草药对鸡蛋胆固醇含量的影响。结果表明,复方中草药添加剂Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ都能显著降低血清甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、胆固醇水平和提高高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量,以及降低鸡蛋胆固醇含量(P<0.05),但以复方中草药添加剂Ⅱ效果最佳;与空白对照组相比,添加复方中草药添加剂Ⅱ蛋黄胆固醇浓度降低了21.03%(P<0.05),鸡蛋胆固醇含量降低了20.34%(P<0.05)。     

Serum lipids and malondialdehyde levels in primiparous patients with pregnancy induced hypertension

Background  Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) contributes to 15.6% maternal mortality in India. In Behrampur, Orissa, maternal deaths due to PIH was 32%, which is twice the national incidence. Hence in this population, some factors associated with severity of PIH were studied. Serum lipid concentrations and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were correlated with severity of PIH and birth weight of the neonate. Patients & Methods  70 primiparous PIH patients and 20 healthy controls were studied. Serum lipids and MDA were estimated. Maternal blood pressures and birth weights of the neonate were recorded. Results and Conclusion  Serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL and MDA were significantly elevated in primiparous PIH patients when compared to control subjects. Average birth weight of babies born to mothers with PIH was less than those born to control subjects. The most significant factor was that in this geographical area, 26% of the primiparous patients with PIH were below 20 years of age while only 15% of the controls were less than 20 years, indicating that younger maternal age was a contributing factor to PIH.     

Correlation between chemical components of billary calculi and bile & sera and bile of gallstone patients

Total cholesterol, total bilirubin, calcium, oxalate, inorganic phosphate, magnesium, iron, copper, sodium and potassium were analyzed quantitatively in gallstones, bile of gall bladder and sera of 200 patients of cholelithiasis (52 cholesterol, 76 mixed and 72 pigment stone patients) and their contents were correlated between calculi and bile and sera and bile in these three type of stone patients. A significant positive correlation was observed between total cholesterol, total bilirubin of calculi and bile, copper of bile and sera of cholesterol stone patients, copper of calculi and bile, total bilirubin, oxalate, magnesium, potassium of sera and bile of pigment stone patients and oxalate and iron of stone and bile, total bilirubin, oxalate, sodium of sera and bile of mixed stone patients. A significant negative correlation was found between magnesium of serum and bile of cholesterol stone patients, oxalate of calculi and bile of pigment stone patients and magnesium of serum and bile of mixed stone patients.     

Determination of immunoreactivity of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Plasmodium falciparum</Emphasis> antigens,serum dilutions and biomaterials

Immunoreactivity properties of serum dilutions andPlasmodium falciparum malaria antigens were measured and compared by ELISA technique using different ELISA plates to evaluate the role of antigens and serum dilutions for optimum binding. Also effort has been made to see the effect of reaction surface and material i.e. ELISA plates for binding capacity. Serological properties were estimated by ELISA methods for detection of malaria and determination of immunological characteristics. Three Pf antigens (PfAg) i.e. ring infected erythrocyte surface antigen: AR-1 (RESA), histidine-rich protein 2 antigen (HRP-2) and glycophospholipid antigen (grown and developed Pf antigen from PSJ-M strain): GPL1 have been used for serological testing of human blood samples by Enzyme Link Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA). 1∶100, 1∶1000 and 1∶10000 dilutions of Pf positive and negative serum (50 samples in each group) and 1∶1000 dilution of Pf antigens were used to measure immunoreactive properties by ELISA method. Result of PfAg-serum immunoreactivity study showed that GPL1 has the highest degree of immuno binding reactivity compared to other Pf antigens. HRP-2 and RESA antigens showed no significant difference to each other. Study also found that Costar and Fastec ELISA plates have a better Ag−Ab binding capability compared to immulon and Falcon plates at all dilutions of serum. Serum dilution of 1∶100 showed best binding and reactivity with Pf antigens followed by 1∶1000 and 1∶10000 showed lowest reactivity.     

Study on the serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＳｉｎｃｅｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕｌｉｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆＨ .ｐｙ ｌｏｒｉｉｎ 1 982 ,Ｈ .ｐｙｌｏｒｉｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｆｏｕｎｄｔｏｂｅａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｖａｒｉｏｕｓｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｇａｓｔｒｉｔｉｓ,ｐｅｐｔｉｃｕｌｃｅｒｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ(Ｄｏｏｌｅｙｅｔａｌ.,1 989;Ｇｒａｈａｍｅｔａｌ.,1 992 ) ,ａｎｄｇａｓｔｒｉｃｎｅｏｐｌａｓｍｓ(Ｂａｙｅｒｄｏｒｆｆｅｒｅｔａｌ.,1 995) .Ｉｔｗａｓｓｕｇｇｅｓｔ…     

Role of bilirubin, vitamin C and ceruloplasmin as antioxidants in coronary artery disease [CAD]

A study has been carried out on 250 CAD patients to see how the serum levels of three antioxidants i.e., Vitamin C, Bilirubin and Ceruloplasmin are related to the CAD risk factors and characteristics in these patients. The number of severe category CAD patients declined by 7–18% with increasing serum levels of the three antioxidants and, triple vessel disease declined by 14–20%. A decline of 39% in Myocardial Infarction (MI) occurred with increasing serum Ceruloplasmin. Serum Ceruloplasmin was significantly lower in the MI group compared to the non MI group CAD patients. There was a steady and a significant decline in the mean values of serum levels of cholesterol, Triglyceride, VLDL cholesterol along with BMI with increasing serum level. The study indicates that with increasing serum levels of the three antioxidants studied, the % MI along with % Triple vessel disease and severity of CAD goes down suggesting that the modifiable risk factors have to be suitably modified in order to maintain a reasonably high level of these antioxidants, as the risk factors are inversely related to the serum antioxidant levels.     

Predictive value of serum thyroglobulin in treated patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma

An in-house radioimmuno assay for serum thyroglobulin was developed in our laboratory and compared its relative sensitivity with that of whole body scan in the detection of residual tumour or metastases and evaluated the predictive value of serum thyroglobulin in the clinical course of the disease. Ninety six patients after thyroidectomy were followed up for a maximum period of five years in this study. The sensitivity and specificity of serum thyroglobulin were found to be close to that of whole body scan (85% and 94% respectively). According to this study, a serum thyroglobulin >40 ng/ml can differentiate between patients with metastases and those in remission. Serum thyroglobulin can replace whole body scan during the subsequent follow-up if the patient had concordant whole body scan and serum thyroglobulin during initial assessment.     

Development of a highly sensitive direct microtiter plate ELISA for human serum testosterone

A simple, highly sensitive, direct, competitive ELISA for human serum testosterone has been indigenously developed. Specific antisera against testosterone were raised in rabbits using testosterone—3carboxymethyl oxime (CMO)—bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the antigen. For the enzyme conjugate, testoterone—3CMO was coupled with horse raddish peroxidase by the active ester method. The standard curve covered a wide range from 3.9 pg/ml to 500 pg/ml. The inter and intra-assay variation were found to be low and within the acceptable limits. Specificity and accuracy for the assay was established by having negligible crossreactivity with the related steroids and an excellent parallelism between the sample and standard dilution curve. Samples measured by RIA and ELISA showed very high degree of correlation (r=0.991).