对话教学视域下的教师课堂反馈

有效的教师课堂反馈是对话教学顺利实施的重要保障。从根本而言,对话教学视域下的教师课堂反馈是一种新的提问,这是由对话教学的问题优先性与循环性所决定的。对话教学视域下的教师课堂反馈具有平等性、循环性、开放性以及情境性等特征。并从课堂反馈的目的、课堂话语环境、教师的倾听、教师的提问以及课堂反馈形式等五个方面提出了促进对话的教师课堂反馈策略。     

春秋战国时期楚国的社会流动及评价

春秋战国时期楚国的社会流动主要体现为楚王族集团的变动和士阶层的流动,其中既有旧贵族的衰落和新贵族的兴起,也有楚人才的外流和异族人的流入。相对而言,战国时期楚国社会的流动性比春秋时期要强,但没有形成合理的流动机制,封君制成为社会流动的一大障碍。     

Hide and Seek: Neoliberalizing the State and “Stating” the Neoliberal in the Italian Media System

The author claims that neoliberal discourse plays “hide and seek” with the state, which appears at the same time absent and present, negated, and necessitated. In order to test its limits, the paper historicizes such discourse by engaging with the Italian case. More specifically, this study examines the most representative figure of Italian neoliberalism, former prime minister and media tycoon, Silvio Berlusconi, and his ambiguous relationship with the state. Drawing on Marx and Gramsci's conceptualization of the state, the paper sheds light on the Italian context as well as the more general characteristics of the neoliberal state.     

Can constrained relevance feedback and display strategies help users retrieve items on mobile devices?

Searching online information resources using mobile devices is affected by small screens which can display only a fraction of ranked search results. In this paper we investigate whether the search effort can be reduced by means of a simple user feedback: for a screenful of search results the user is encouraged to indicate a single most relevant document. In our approach we exploit the fact that, for small display sizes and limited user actions, we can construct a user decision tree representing all possible outcomes of the user interaction with the system. Examining the trees we can compute an upper limit on relevance feedback performance. In this study we consider three standard feedback algorithms: Rocchio, Robertson/Sparck-Jones (RSJ) and a Bayesian algorithm. We evaluate them in conjunction with two strategies for presenting search results: a document ranking that attempts to maximize information gain from the user’s choices and the top-D ranked documents. Experimental results indicate that for RSJ feedback which involves an explicit feature selection policy, the greedy top-D display is more appropriate. For the other two algorithms, the exploratory display that maximizes information gain produces better results. We conducted a user study to compare the performance of the relevance feedback methods with real users and compare the results with the findings from the tree analysis. This comparison between the simulations and real user behaviour indicates that the Bayesian algorithm, coupled with the sampled display, is the most effective. Extended version of “Evaluating Relevance Feedback Algorithms for Searching on Small Displays, ” Vishwa Vinay, Ingemar J. Cox, Natasa Milic-Frayling, Ken Wood published in the proceedings of ECIR 2005, David E. Losada, Juan M. Fernández-Luna (Eds.), Springer 2005, ISBN 3-540-25295-9     

《模拟电子技术》课程中“反馈”的教学设计

介绍了放大电路中反馈的分类及各种反馈类型的判断方法,举例说明根据电路的要求选择合适的反馈类型及判断电路能否产生振荡．     

念动训练在太极拳教学中的研究分析

在武术教学中不仅需要运动技术的实际操作,心理训练也是一种重要的教学手段。念动训练法是通过技术表象在大脑中的反复描述,从而加速正确的动力定型。本文通过太极拳教学实践的总结,对念动训练法提高教学质量、加快教学进度的积极有效作用进行了论证。     

反馈与控制法在体育游戏教学中的运用研究

通过在体育游戏教学中运用反馈与控制方法的实验研究，论证了采用此方法对于学习体育游戏的动作技术、提高其教学质量的可行性和实效性。     

Population differences in constructive memory

An experiment was conducted to evaluate constructive memory in fourth-grade low-SES black and middle-SES white children. The children were read nine short passages; each passage was composed of two premise statements and a filler sentence. The children were tested by a recognition procedure. Thirty-six test sentences were presented randomly. Four sentences were associated with each passage (true premise, false premise, true inference, and false inference). Subjects were asked to make yes/no recognition decisions based on whether the test sentence was identical to a sentence presented at study. Middle-SES white children made few errors, except to true inference test sentences. This pattern of performance is consistent with the constructive view of memory. Low-SES black children also had a high error rate to true inference items. However, this outcome may not reflect constructive memory because they also had a high error rate to some of the other types of test sentences.     

科技文稿的审稿结果应予反馈

科技期刊的稿件处理结果是否实行反馈进行了长期的探索和研究，分析了实现反馈的可能性，指出了稿件处理意见实行反馈的积极意义，得出了在目前科技高速发展的情况下，科技期刊的稿件处理该实行反馈的结论。最后简要介绍了实施反馈的一些做法。