美能否成为民族国家自由生活的价值律法

美的理想或美的原则,如果要成为民族国家社会生活的自由价值律法,那么,必须得到政治、经济和法律的支持,因为公民权利的保证、经济生活的富足、法律对环境与自由的保护,是美成为普遍律法的基础。只有在法律的约束下,个体生活的自由才会以审美为目的,才会真正保护环境与生态,与自然和谐共处。个体生活的美丽与民族国家的美丽有着最为直接的联系,美应该而且可以成为民族国家自由生活的价值律法。     

复调叙事和叙事解构：《酒国》里的虚实

《酒国》在莫言的长篇小说序列里是一个独特的存在,小说采用三线并进的复调叙事策略,使用多种文体参与故事的结撰,并进行了独特的小说中套小说、人物参与叙事、作家进入故事成为人物的文本叙事试验,营造了虚实相生的叙事效果,这种叙事策略具有典型的＂元小说＂、文体杂糅和狂欢化叙事的文本特征,其叙事实验的独特价值及其巨大的文化隐喻所具有的文化、精神批判价值,具有文学史意义。     

Effects of periodic carbohydrate ingestion on endurance and cognitive performances during a 40-km cycling time-trial under normobaric hypoxia in well-trained triathletes

The purpose of this study was to examine CHO ingestion on a cognitive task using a field-simulated time-trial (TT) under hypoxia in well-trained triathletes. Ten male triathletes (age: 22.1 ± 1.1 years; VO₂max: 59.4 ± 1.4 ml/kg/min) participated in this double-blind/crossover/counter-balanced design study. Participants completed 3 TT trials: 1) normoxic placebo (NPLA; FiO₂ = 20.9%), 2) hypoxic placebo (HPLA; FiO₂ = 16.3%), and 3) hypoxic CHO (HCHO; 6% CHO provided as 2 ml/kg/15 min; FiO₂ = 16.3%). During the TT, physiological responses (SpO₂, HR, RPE, and blood glucose/lactate), cognitive performance, and cerebral haemodynamics were measured. Hypoxia reduced TT performance by ~3.5–4% (p < 0.05), but CHO did not affect TT performance under hypoxia. For the cognitive task, CHO slightly preserved exercise-induced cognitive reaction speed but did not affect response accuracy during hypoxic exercise. However, CHO did not preserve the decreased Hb-Diff (cerebral blood flow, CBF) and increased HHb in the prefrontal lobe (p < 0.05) during hypoxic exercise, and CHO failed to preserve hypoxia-suppressed prefrontal CBF and tissue oxygen saturation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CHO is effective in sustaining reaction speed for a cognitive task but not promoting TT performance during hypoxic exercise, which would be important for strategy-/decision-making when athletes compete at moderate high-altitude.     

路基土的击实试验研究

路基施工的质量以压实度为主要控制指标，它与干密度有重要的关系，通过对路基土的击实试验研究，提出经济、合理的压实功能，对提高道路工程施工质量有极其重要的意义。     

Full time adult credential students’ instructional preferences at California State University,Long Beach: pedagogy or andragogy?

This study investigated the instructional preferences of full time adult credential students after they took a live course called Principles of Adult Education at California State University, Long Beach, (CSULB) in the fall semester of 2002. These full time adult credential students had been working on their adult teaching credentials to meet the competencies specified by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing. The course introduced students to Andragogy developed by Malcolm Knowles out of the andragogical model, developed by Lindeman (1926). The study used Principles of Adult Learning Scales (PALS), advanced by Gary Conti in 1983 to measure instructional preferences. Data were collected from 30 (100% of 30) full time adult credential students enrolled in a live course to, determine their instructional preferences of helping adults learn. The results of the study showed in most cases these adult learning professionals taught adult students andragogically: in some cases they taught adult students pedagogically.     

中山国都城灵寿的市场管理

战国时期,中山国都城灵寿市场繁荣,且有着严格的管理。在市场的规划布局方面,灵寿城市场内店铺密集、排列整齐,道路交通便利。在管理机构设置方面,根据陶文推测,中山国设有"市"这一市场管理机构,考古中发现的市场建筑设施应该就是市场管理机构的官署建筑。中山国已经有了一定的度量衡管理制度。     

赵国置县考——以赵国兵器铭文和玺印考古资料为主

传统文献记载赵国县邑资料很少,难以窥见其全貌。但战国时赵国的文物中涉及赵县邑的资料不少,这为研究战国赵县邑提供了传世文献所不能见的重要史料。本文就是利用战国赵文物中兵器铭文和玺印有关资料,结合文献,考证战国时期赵国所置县邑,以补史书之缺佚。     

探索中国教育技术学专业研究生培养之路——佛罗里达州立大学和印第安纳大学的专业办学启示

印第安纳大学和佛罗里达州立大学是美国教育技术学专业的名牌学校,文章通过两所大学的相关文献、网络资源和利用电子邮件与印第安纳大学和佛罗里达州立大学的教育技术学博士研究生进行交流,获得这两所大学的专业办学和人才培养情况的相关信息;通过元分析,反思获得启示,以期望对国内的教育技术学专业研究生的培养起到抛砖引玉的作用.     

试论国家主权的适应性让渡

国家主权对于一个主权国家来说具有十分重要的意义,“国家主权神圣不可侵犯”;然而在国际关系发展的新形势下,为了国家的整体利益,在自愿、独立决策的前提下,适应性地让渡出一部分主权是合理的,这与其说是让渡,不如说是一种积极的调整。     

Digital redesign tracker for cascaded analog systems with state saturation and external loads

This paper presents a newly developed digital redesign control scheme with a weighted switching strategy and output-reference tracking, for a cascaded analog system with state saturation and external loads. The proposed method improves the generally poor transition response and output deviation caused by state-saturation constraint and external loads. It replaces an existing or theoretically well-designed analog controller with state saturation, by a digital controller with almost identical performance.