Stress,coping strategies and academic achievement in teacher education students

University students experience stress, and how they cope with this stress affects their academic achievement. This study examined stress in teacher education students and had three objectives: to describe different degrees of stress and coping styles; to study the relationship between stress, coping strategies and academic achievement; and to examine whether increased age can moderate the effects of stress on academic achievement in 334 university-students. There were three main findings: many students experienced stress and used avoidance coping strategies; the students who were under less stress and engaged less in cognitive avoidance and more in problem-focused coping were also the students who made more academic achievement; and students under more stress performed worse, but with age stress affected performance less. In teacher education students, it is important to recognize and address the harmful effects of stress on well-being and academic achievement, to avoid long-term problems in professional and personal life.     

有氧训练及热应激对运动大鼠肾脏组织NO、NOS及自由基代谢的影响

目的：探讨有氧耐力训练对运动热应激大鼠肾脏组织NO、NOS及自由基代谢的影响。方法：对大鼠进行为期6w的递增负荷运动训练,并在运动末次施加热应激,测定大鼠肾脏组织NO、NOS、MDA和SOD含量或活性。结果：（1）运动加热应激使大鼠肾脏组织NO、NOS、iNOS和MDA显著高于安静组和急性运动组,SOD和SOD／MDA显著低于安静组和急性运动组;（2）训练安静组与安静对照组相比,MDA均显著下降,NO、NOS均显著上升;（3）训练后运动热应激大鼠肾脏组织NO、NOS、iNOS、MDA显著下降,SOD显著上升。结论：（1）在热环境下运动,机体NO、NOS和自由基代谢增加,抗氧化酶活性下降;（2）在常温下进行有氧耐力训练练,可以适当提高机体的耐热性,降低运动热应激对机体的损伤。     

Mindfulness meditation for future early childhood teachers in Japan

To prevent future burnout and turnover among early childhood education students, mindfulness training may hold promise as a measure. A lab-based pilot and classroom-based feasibility study was designed to investigate an effective way to introduce mindfulness meditation. Results suggested that two types of audio-guided mindfulness meditation, a sitting meditation and a compassion meditation reduced stress level, and that the compassion meditation was perceived as more comfortable than the sitting meditation. As a tentative conclusion, the compassion meditation may be introduced first before the sitting meditation. Additional studies should examine the effects of longer-term meditation practice on teaching career development.     

Finite element model for linear-elastic mixed mode loading using adaptive mesh strategy

An adaptive mesh finite element model has been developed to predict the crack propagation direction as well as to calculate the stress intensity factors （SIFs）, under linear-elastic assumption for mixed mode loading application. The finite element mesh is generated using the advancing front method. In order to suit the requirements of the fracture analysis, the generation of the background mesh and the construction of singular elements have been added to the developed program. The adaptive remeshing process is carried out based on the posteriori stress error norm scheme to obtain an optimal mesh. Previous works of the authors have proposed techniques for adaptive mesh generation of 2D cracked models. Facilitated by the singular elements, the displacement extrapolation technique is employed to calculate the SIK The fracture is modeled by the splitting node approach and the trajectory follows the successive linear extensions of each crack increment. The SlFs values for two different case studies were estimated and validated by direct comparisons with other researchers work.     

Disparate plasma cortisol concentrations in sexually abused female children from Johannesburg,South Africa

A growing body of research indicates that a bidirectional response to a stressor may occur in maltreated children and may be associated with later life psychopathology. However, few studies have investigated stress reactivity in children when they first present to a sexual abuse clinic. Thus, in order to evaluate whether HPA axis dysregulation would be evident at first presentation to a sexual abuse clinic in young girls (n = 26), between the ages of 6–12 years old, blood samples were obtained immediately following examination at a forensic sexual abuse clinic and from the matched control group of children (n = 14; 10.1 ± 0.8) immediately following a bone density scan. Stratification of the sexually abused group into those children who were reportedly abused by a stranger and had no other family stressors (n = 15, 10.4 ± 1.8) and those children whose parents reported abuse of the child by a stranger and other family stressors (n = 11; 9.5 ± 1.8) revealed differences in stress reactivity. Plasma concentrations, of the children from the forensic clinic, were significantly increased in children who reported abuse by a stranger only (322.3 ± 117.4 nmol/l) and significantly decreased in children whose histories indicated sexual abuse by a stranger and other family stressors (149.6 ± 39.7 nmol/l) when compared to the control group (225.5 ± 47.5 nmol/l). In conclusion, following sexual abuse and a secondary stressor, the forensic examination, there is evidence of divergent cortisol responses in the stratified clinical group of children.     

植物多胺与几种逆境胁迫的关系

研究表明,多胺具有刺激生长,延缓衰老的作用,并与植物的抗逆性关系密切.本文介绍了植物在干旱渗透、水分、盐和温度胁迫等几种逆境中与多胺的含量关系.在逆境胁迫下,植物细胞内多胺含量及合成酶的活性显著上升.了解多胺与植物抗逆性的关系对指导农业生产具有一定的理论意义.     

An adaptive finite element procedure for crack propagation analysis

INTRODUCTION The finite element method (FEM) has proved to be very well suited for the study of fracture mechanics. Nevertheless, modelling the propagation of a crack through a finite element mesh turns out to be difficult because of the modification of the mesh topology. Use of crack propagation laws based on stress inten-sity factor range is the most successful engineering application of fracture mechanics. The stress intensity factors are a very important parameter in fracture analys…     

高职教师的职业压力对职业倦怠的预测性研究

文章以281名高职院校教师为调查对象,采用问卷法调查高职教师的职业压力与职业倦怠的关系,结果表明：高职教师职业压力水平与职业倦怠之间呈显著正相关,影响高职教师职业倦怠的显著性因素是一般自我效能感和应对方式。     

从构件本体强度失效看其强度计算

构件强度失效 (破坏 )的形式 (流动或断裂 )与材料的力学性质、应力状态有关 .在构件的失效 (破坏 )形式 (或强度计算 )中 ,把材料分为塑性材料和脆性材料应理解为材料处于塑性状态和脆性状态 .为此 ,按照可能发生的失效 (破坏 )形式来选择适宜的强度理论进行计算 .     

Species-diversified plant cover enhances orchard ecosystem resistance to climatic stress and soil erosion in subtropical hillside

Naturally occurring plants in agroecosystem evidently play an important role in ecosystem stability. Field studies on the ecological effects of native plants conserved in orchard and their resistance to adverse climatic stress, and soil erosion were conducted from 1998 to 2001 in a newly developed Changshan-huyou (Citrus changshan-huyou Y.B. Chang) orchard. The experimental area covered 150 ha in typical red soil hilly region in southeastern China. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with six combinations of twelve plant species with four replications. All species used were native in the orchard. Plots were 15×8 m2 and separated by 2 m buffer strips. Precipitation, soil erosion in rainstorm days and aboveground biomass of plant community when rainstorm days ended, soil temperature and moisture under various plant covers during seasonal megathermal drought period, antiscourability of soil with different root density under various simulated rainfalls were measured. Plant cover signifi