电喷发动机燃油压力与燃油供给系统故障诊断

电喷发动机燃油供给系统的油压高低直接影响燃油喷射的精确性,从而影响发动机的工作性能,本文通过对燃油供给系统组成与结构分析,论述燃油压力异常对发动机工作性能的影响,采用测试燃油压力方法来判断燃油供给系统的故障。     

试析供电企业管理中的法律风险及防范措施

供电企业服务于公众事业,在营运过程中承担着较高的法律风险。文章首先分析了供电企业法律风险的各种表现形式,接着就法律风险的产生根源进行论述,最后提出全面防控法律风险的对策措施,以期为提升供电企业法律风险管理水平而抛砖引玉。     

需求扰动下闭环供应链收益共享契约协调仿真研究

以系统动力学为基本研究方法,运用收益共享契约对突发事件引起需求扰动的三级闭环供应链系统进行协调,通过对契约决策系统动力学模型仿真结果的定量分析,给出各节点企业协调应对需求扰动的最优契约策略。研究发现:收益共享契约可以很好地协调需求扰动下的闭环供应链,但在契约实施过程中,契约参数的设定尤为重要,可以为实际中闭环供应链的应急管理提供有益的指导。     

我国城市交通拥堵问题的供给与需求分析

随着经济的发展,城市公私车辆数量急剧增长,相对而言,由于土地的固定供给及诸多客观条件的限制,交通基础设施的增长异常缓慢。二者的矛盾不可避免地引发了城市拥堵问题,并且呈不断恶化的趋势。如何缓解交通拥堵问题已成为城市管理部门亟待解决的重要课题。     

Analytical hierarchy process and SCOR model to support supply chain re-design

A supply chain consists of different processes and when conducting supply chain re-design is necessary to identify the relevant processes and select a target for re-design. Through a literature review a solution is presented here to identify first the relevant processes using the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, then to use Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis for target process selection. AHP can aid in deciding which supply chain processes are better candidates to re-design in light of predefined criteria.     

Entrepreneurial opportunity and related specialization in economic ecosystems

Entrepreneurial ecosystems are most often defined as locally bounded networks of institutions and individuals that help entrepreneurs to identify and exploit market opportunities. However, a prerequisite of the ability to exploit an entrepreneurial opportunity is the existence of the opportunity to begin with. In this paper, we propose an approach to representing how entrepreneurial opportunities are embedded in a regional economy. The central methodological contribution of our paper is to introduce the concept of related specialization, which we define as the concentration of high interdependencies between specialized industries within a metropolitan region, relative to the national level of concentration. We find that related specialization is positively correlated with entrepreneurial outcomes across U.S. metropolitan areas. We use related specialization to make a first attempt at representing the trophic structure of an economic ecosystem. In a biological ecosystem, the trophic structure refers to energy-transfer relationships between different species. As introduced in this paper, we propose the analogy that, in an economic ecosystem, the trophic structure may be mapped in terms of the supply-chain relationships between industries within a region. We argue that these analytic tools can help policymakers more readily understand the opportunities that are imminently available to entrepreneurs in their local environments.     

A novel proof of useful work for a blockchain storing transportation transactions

Proof-of-Work (PoW) is a common mechanism used to validate peer-to-peer transactions and maintain highly secured immutability of the blockchain. However, this mechanism has been criticized due to its inefficient use of computing resources and its limited usefulness. In this paper, we propose the Proof-of-Useful-Work (PoUW) as an alternative mechanism for transaction validation that puts the squandered computing resources to beneficial use. The main premise is to replace the mathematical puzzle, which constitutes a fundamental part of the Proof-of-Work mechanism, with NP-hard optimization problems whose solutions benefit the participants of the blockchain. We demonstrate its usefulness in the context of transportation. Accordingly, PoUW-based blockchain not only tracks, manages and validates transactions, but also optimizes transportation requests profiting its ecosystem. We describe the framework of the proposed PoUW along with the associated optimization model and the miner’s reward mechanism.     

智慧城市建设视角下资源环境承载能力提升路径研究

基于熊彼特创新理论,论证了智慧城市建设对资源环境承载能力的影响机制,利用陕西省2015—2019年的面板数据,结合结构方程模型（SEM）与模糊集定性比较分析法(fsQCA),探索智慧城市建设各维度对资源环境承载能力的影响及多维度间“联合效应”与“互动关系”。研究发现：①智慧环境、智慧人力资本和智慧经济对资源环境承载能力有显著正向效应。②智慧经济在推动资源环境承载能力可载中起到了关键作用。③存在经济拉动型、环境治理型、绿色发展型和创新驱动型等四条智慧城市建设路径可以提升资源环境承载能力,具体可归纳为产业升级推动式和环境规制拉动式。④在一定情形下智慧经济与智慧治理、智慧环境之间具有替代关系。本研究深化了现有智慧城市建设效应理论研究,并为以提升资源环境承载能力为导向的智慧城市建设提供了差异化的方案。     

试论建立我国竞技体育的联合投资与供给机制

为了使竞技体育更好地走产业化、社会化之路,进一步优化和完善我国的竞技体育投资体系,研究通过文献资料和调查访谈,从分析竞技体育产品"公共性"和"私人性"着手,分析了影响我国竞技体育投资的若干问题,提出了采用合同制的竞技体育产品供给方式,并逐步推行竞技体育产品的民营化改革,以拓宽我国竞技体育的投融资渠道,推动竞技体育的可持续发展。     

农村公共产品供给:现实挑战与发展选择

农村公共产品是具有非竞争性和非排他性,用于满足农村公共需要的产品。公共产品从理论上分析应该由政府提供,但由于混合产品的存在也为其他主体参与农村公共产品的供给提供了理论支持。现阶段,我国农村公共产品供给不容乐观,存在供给总量不足、供给主体失衡等问题。本文结合我国农业产业化发展的趋势,提出通过引入多元化主体、推动城镇化建设、健全农村金融市场、深化税费改革等措施构建农村公共产品有效供给机制。