对我国信息资源共建共享可持续发展的思考和启示

在对我国目前开展信息资源共建共享工作中涉及到的主要方面进行调研和分析的基础上,从运作机制、标准规范建设、共享资源建设、技术创新、服务绩效、法律法规保障以及人力资源建设等7个方面,对我国信息资源共建共享可持续发展进行了前瞻性的思考,提出了需要重点考虑的若干建议。     

Sustainability transitions: A political coalition perspective

In the case of technology transitions to low-carbon sources of energy, there is growing evidence that even in countries with a strong political consensus in favor of a transition, the pace has been slow in comparison with the need to reduce greenhouse gases. One factor that affects the slowness of the transition is political resistance from the incumbent industrial regime. Using data on the mobilization of resistance from the fossil-fuel industry in the United States, the study builds on the growing literature on the political dimensions of sustainability transitions by drawing attention to the role of incumbent regime coalitions, grassroots coalitions in support of green transition policies, and countervailing industrial power. Case studies of political coalitions for ballot propositions in the U.S. are used to show how countervailing industrial power, especially from the technology and financial sector, can tip the balance of electoral spending in favor of grassroots organizations.     

北京奥运对我国经济发展的可持续性研究

奥运与经济结缘,是一个历史发展的过程,在这个过程中,产生了一个历史发展的必然结果--奥运经济.北京申奥成功,是世界对中国改革开放取得成就的肯定,发展奥运经济成为了我国借以推动社会与经济发展,提高国际地位、改善国际形象的重要手段.     

Making educational development and change sustainable: Insights from complexity theory

This article considers the challenge of sustainable change and development in education from the perspective of complexity theory. Complexity theory’s concept of emergence implies that, given a significant degree of complexity in a particular environment, new properties and behaviours emerge that are not necessarily contained in the essence of the constituent elements, or easily able to be predicted from a knowledge of initial conditions. These concepts of emergent phenomena from a critical mass, associated with notions of lock-in, path dependence, and inertial momentum, contribute to a perspective on continuity and change that indicates what conditions might need to be in place for the emergence of sustainable, positive, system-wide change and development in education.     

Towards a typology of intermediaries in sustainability transitions: A systematic review and a research agenda

Intermediary actors have been proposed as key catalysts that speed up change towards more sustainable socio-technical systems. Research on this topic has gradually gained traction since 2009, but has been complicated by the inconsistency regarding what intermediaries are in the context of such transitions and which activities they focus on, or should focus on. We briefly elaborate on the conceptual foundations of the studies of intermediaries in transitions, and how intermediaries have been connected to different transition theories. This shows the divergence – and sometimes a lack – of conceptual foundations in this research. In terms of transitions theories, many studies connect to the multi-level perspective and strategic niche management, while intermediaries in technological innovation systems and transition management have been much less explored. We aim to bring more clarity to the topic of intermediaries in transitions by providing a definition of transition intermediaries and a typology of five intermediary types that is sensitive to the emergence, neutrality and goals of intermediary actors as well as their context and level of action. Some intermediaries are specifically set up to facilitate transitions, while others grow into the role during the process of socio-technical change. Based on the study, as an important consideration for future innovation governance, we argue that systemic and niche intermediaries are the most crucial forms of intermediary actors in transitions, but they need to be complemented by a full ecology of intermediaries, including regime-based transition intermediaries, process intermediaries and user intermediaries.     

企业道德与企业经营业绩

企业是经济人和道德人的统一体，其经营行为可以从经济和道德角度来评价。关于企业道德与企业经营业绩的关系有以下四种观点：双赢的观点、许可经营的观点、适度利润的观点和综合的观点。现代社会对企业的要求越来越高，企业必须提高其道德水平。因此，综合的观点是企业应该择优采纳的观点。     

基于建设用地增长边际效应的土地利用规划可持续性评价

采用1996年-2008年相关统计资料,引入边际效应理论,构建了基于建设用地增长的经济、社会和环境边际效应的土地利用总体规划可持续性评价指标体系,并从土地利用总体规划可持续度、经济社会环境协调度、区域差异度3个方面,对江苏省土地利用总体规划（2006年-2020年）的可持续性进行了分析,结果表明：①2010年-2020年规划方案和零方案下,苏锡常、宁镇扬泰、通盐连、徐宿淮4个评价单元可持续度均有所下降,但规划方案可持续度分值高于零方案;②至2020年,规划方案与零方案相比,江苏省及各评价单元内部经济、社会     

The sustainable analysis of Zhangzhou＇ s competition sports blance development

漳州竞技体育六十几年来的发展,取得了不错的成就,但其中存在着某些项目落后和不平衡发展的情况。本文从研究漳州竞技体育发展情况出发,分析了本市竞技体育不平衡发展的成因,对此作出了论述,并提出了解决问题的建议。     

Ontologies, socio-technical transitions (to sustainability), and the multi-level perspective

Using recent criticisms and suggestions regarding the multi-level perspective as stepping stones, the article aims to enhance the reflexivity in transition debates regarding social theories. To that end, the article discusses seven social science ontologies (rational choice, evolution theory, structuralism, interpretivism, functionalism, conflict and power struggle, relationism), their assumptions on agency and causal mechanisms, and their views on socio-technical transitions and environmental sustainability. The second goal is to position the multi-level perspective on transitions with regard to these ontologies and to identify directions for theoretical extensions. The MLP is characterized not as a grand or unifying theory, but as a middle range theory that makes crossovers to some ontologies and not to others.