企业技术创新悖论及其网络机制干预研究

随着市场环境的日趋复杂多变及竞争的日益激烈,技术创新成为提升企业竞争力、促进企业成长和效率非线性提高的重要途径。组织结构是影响企业技术创新能力的重要因素。企业技术创新管理面临着技术和组织上的两难悖论,即企业越是追求高新技术,就越是导致企业偏重内部结构并导致部门之间的隔离,从而越是阻碍了企业技术创新;高生产率、产品商业化创新和创新信息管理都需要一个严格等级分明的组织,而新技术发明和创意都要求比较灵活机动的、非等级制的组织形式。企业内外的合作网络机制是解决技术创新的两难悖论、提高创新绩效的关键。     

Mapping the importance of the real world: The validity of connectivity analysis of patent citations networks

Recent empirical findings have questioned the use of patent citations as a measure. This points to the need of validation of patent citations methodologies, which we address by testing a recent methodology for studying technological evolution, namely connectivity analysis of citation networks. We find connectivity analysis to be a valid tool to identify the reliable knowledge which opens the way to further technological evolution of a surgical prosthesis, the artificial spinal disc. We also illustrate how connectivity analysis represents how this reliable knowledge differs depending on the stage of technological evolution. The corroborated validity of connectivity analysis of patent citations may trigger a renaissance in the use of this kind of patent data.     

科技术语属性抽取方法研究*

使用共现分析的方法从术语定义抽取术语属性，然后使用对应分析的方法对科技术语和术语属性之间的关系进行分析，并使用图形作为表达方式。最后利用市场营销学科领域的科技文献进行实证研究，对市场营销的概念进行深入挖掘，发现市场营销领域学科研究重点和研究内容等有价值的信息。     

Corporate governance and technological dynamism of Chinese firms in mobile telecommunications: A quantitative study

This paper sets out two frameworks, one for measuring static and dynamic technological capability in developing countries, one for predicting the effects on this of finance and corporate governance characteristics, and applies them together to Chinese mobile telecommunications manufacturing. Hypotheses on the effect of access to finance, ownership type and other corporate governance factors on capability are generated and tested on survey data for this industry. It is found that ownership type matters, but government's influence over management selection, matters more. Semi-privatised firms with arms-length relationships to government are most dynamic.     

国产化作为技术学习过程：上海桑塔纳案例分析

本文通过对上海桑塔纳的案例分析，总结了汽车工业技术引进过程的特点，有助于理解技术学习的过程和本质，尤其是政府在技术学习过程中的地位     

Technological transitions as evolutionary reconfiguration processes: a multi-level perspective and a case-study

This paper addresses the question of how technological transitions (TT) come about? Are there particular patterns and mechanisms in transition processes? TT are defined as major, long-term technological changes in the way societal functions are fulfilled. TT do not only involve changes in technology, but also changes in user practices, regulation, industrial networks, infrastructure, and symbolic meaning or culture. This paper practices ‘appreciative theory’ [R.R. Nelson, S.G. Winter, An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change, Bellknap Press, Cambridge, MA, 1982] and brings together insights from evolutionary economics and technology studies. This results in a multi-level perspective on TT where two views of the evolution are combined: (i) evolution as a process of variation, selection and retention, (ii) evolution as a process of unfolding and reconfiguration. The perspective is empirically illustrated with a qualitative longitudinal case-study, the transition from sailing ships to steamships, 1780–1900. Three particular mechanisms in TT are described: niche-cumulation, technological add-on and hybridisation, riding along with market growth.     

对排球技术评定考试方法的研究

排球技术评定考试方法的改革，主要是针对减少技术评定的主观性研究。在查阅了大量相关的文献资料后，制定了技术考试评定方法的细则，研究了扣分的幅，通过对新方法与传统方法的现场和录像评分的数据统计分析，得出新方法比传统方法对成绩评定，更为例题。     

Close to you? Bias and precision in patent-based measures of technological proximity

Patent data have been widely used in research to characterize firms’ locations in technological or knowledge space, as well as the proximities among firms. Researchers have measured firms’ technological or knowledge proximities with a variety of measures based on patent data, including Euclidean distances (using the technological classifications listed on patents), and overlap in cited patents. Often research has employed only the first listed patent classification in measures of proximities. We explore the effects of using the first listed patent class as well as other methods to measure proximities. We point out that measures of proximity based on small numbers of patents are imprecisely measured random variables. Measures computed on samples with few patents or a single patent class generate both biased and imprecise measures of proximity. We discuss the implications of this for typical research questions employing measures of proximity, and explore the effects of larger sample sizes and coarser patent class breakdowns in mitigating these problems. Where possible, we suggest that researchers increase their sample sizes by aggregating years or using all of the listed patent classes on a patent, rather than just the first.     

赶超与收敛概念演化与内涵比较分析

赶超和收敛是思考发展中国家如何避免或脱离中等收入陷阱经常用到的两个重要概念,由赶超和收敛又衍生出经济赶超、技术赶超、经济收敛、技术收敛四个关系非常密切却又有不同的概念。本文回顾了这四个概念是如何伴随着增长理论、发展经济学和国家创新系统理论的发展而出现和演化的,并在此基础上对这个四个概念的内涵进行了比较。厘清这四个概念,对系统思考我国由投资驱动的经济增长转型为创新驱动的经济增长具有重要意义。     

应用TPI系统建设特色型数字图书馆

以某科技情报知识仓库为例介绍了如何应用TPI系统建设特色型的数字图书馆,为图书馆及科技情报界建设具有单位特色的数字图书馆提供了参考。