多重制度逻辑下企业技术创新合法性机制研究

企业所处的制度环境对企业的技术创新行为有着二元性,即可以同时促进和抑制技术创新行为的产生,因此合理的制度安排对于企业的技术创新是非常重要的。嵌入式代理理论认为行为者能够对社会产生能动的反作用,从而改变其所处制度环境中的制度安排。为了解决在多重制度影响下,企业如何通过制度来解决企业技术创新合法性困境,本文从微观制度视角出发,采用文献分析法,通过分析组织所处制度环境中的市场逻辑、专业逻辑、合作逻辑、社区逻辑、管制机构逻辑和家族逻辑,发现对企业技术创新合法性有着不同的影响和重要的促进作用,并在此基础上建构了多重制度逻辑下企业技术创新合法性机制模型。     

国内外生物制药产业技术创新管理模式比较研究

从比较管理的视角,通过对不同管理情境下国内外生物制药产业间技术创新管理模式的显著差异及其影响因素与形成机理进行比较,揭示不同国家或地区生物制药产业技术创新管理模式的基本特征、生成与演进机理,分析中国与美、日发达国家生物制药产业技术创新管理模式的具体差异,以期为我国生物制药产业在全球竞争中形成具有自身特色的技术创新管理模式与产业链、提高产业技术创新能力奠定一定理论基础,提供管理思路和对策。     

基于知识图谱的海洋科学领域技术机会分析

目前海洋经济成为世界经济增长的新亮点和必不可少的部分,海洋科学成为全球新一轮竞争的前沿领域。选取Web of Science核心合集和Derwent专利库中2011—2017年海洋科学领域的学术论文、专利文献,采用共词分析法和谓词树分析法在论文与专利之间以及专利之间进行对比分析,挖掘出海洋科学领域的技术机会。     

高层次科技人才多元评价指标体系构建研究

以冰山模型为基础,结合高层次科技人才的素质特征构建高层次科技人才评价指标体系。以人才类型、评价目的不同划分多元化的评价应用场景,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,确定简化应用评价体系。将高层次科技人才分为三类:基础研究型、工程技术型、创新创业型;评价目的分类为选拔引进和绩效评估。该研究综合考虑不同类型人才基于不同评价目的时素质特征需求的多样化,提出高层次科技人才的多元评价指标体系。     

中国风电和碳捕集技术发展路径与减排成本研究——基于技术学习曲线的分析

煤炭是我国能源的主体,煤电也是我国电力的主要构成。我国未来低碳发展将主要取决于低碳电力技术的选择及其推广,其中风电与碳捕集与碳封存(CCS)技术发展十分迅速但都处于发展初期,其未来不确定性较大。本文将基于风电和碳捕集的技术学习曲线,探讨这两类技术未来发展的主要问题,包括(实现市场竞争所需的)推广时间、减排潜力和减排成本等,以期为政策制定者提供参考。研究发现：在减排量与发展路径相同的前提下,风电技术成本较新建煤粉(PC)电厂碳捕集技术成本略高,后者若考虑了碳运输与碳封存成本在内,其减排成本将更高;另外,考虑了技术学习效应后,风电技术与CCS技术成本较相关研究结果都更低。到2025年风电技术发展将面临电网基础设施的瓶颈,在当前技术条件下将很难取得突破;碳捕集技术减排潜力更大,其新增投资主要表现在燃料成本与新增资本投资部分,当前主要工作应加快发展碳捕集示范项目、强化国际学习与合作,降低其不确定性,在2025年实现CCS与风电技术的对接。     

超厚涂层水基锆英粉涂料在大型铸钢件中的应用

通过合理的涂料西方研制出具有较好工艺性能的超厚涂层水基锆砂粉涂料,用于大型铸钢件生产取得了较好的经济效益和环保效果。     

Accounting for change in national systems of innovation: A friendly critique based on the U.S. case

This paper advances a friendly critique of the national systems of innovation approach and offers some suggestions for its future development. I argue that the approach has difficulty accounting for bounded change in national systems. I review three recent changes in the U.S. innovation system - the Internet boom and bust of the late 1990s and early 2000s, the response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the acceleration of productivity growth since the mid-1990s - in order to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the framework in this respect. Future research might be enriched, at least in the case of large national innovation systems, by absorbing concepts developed in other strands of institutionalist literature, such as “intercurrence” and “embeddedness”.     

Do ‘liberal market economies’ really innovate more radically than ‘coordinated market economies’?: Hall and Soskice reconsidered

In Varieties of Capitalism; The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage, Peter A. Hall and David Soskice (H&S) argue that technological specialization patterns are largely determined by the prevailing “variety of capitalism”. They hypothesize that “liberal market economies” (LMEs) specialize in radical innovation, while “coordinated market economies” (CMEs) focus more on incremental innovation. Mark Zachary Taylor [Taylor, M.Z., 2004. Empirical evidence against varieties of capitalism's theory of technological innovation. International Organization 58, 601-631.] convincingly argued that Hall and Soskice's empirical test is fundamentally flawed and proposed a more appropriate test of their conjecture. He rejected the varieties of capitalism explanation of innovation patterns. We extend and refine Taylor's analysis, using a broader set of radicality indicators and making industry-level comparisons. Our results indicate that Hall and Soskice's conjecture cannot be upheld as a general rule, but that it survives closer scrutiny for a substantial number of industries and an important dimension of radicality.     

The integration of old and new technological paradigms in low- and medium-tech sectors: The case of mechatronics

This article addresses the internal transformation of low- and medium-tech (LMT) sectors from a technological perspective, analysing the absorption of radical new technologies by low- and medium-technology (LMT) firms and their integration into frameworks dominated by older technologies. Through an empirical analysis of a cluster of mechatronic companies, the paper highlights some of the main features of the integration process and provides a preliminary assessment of whether the phenomenon is more likely to occur within or between companies, that is through the absorption of new technologies by each firm individually or by means of linkages between specialised mono-technology companies.