黑龙江省五大城市科技人员健身行为调查及对策研究

对黑龙江省五大城市科技人员的身体健康状况、生活方式、经济收入、体育消费、锻炼场所、锻炼形式、锻炼项目、体育活动动机等方面进行调查与分析,提出改善五大城市科技人员健身环境及其健康水平的对策性建议。     

社会网络视角下的技术范式转换预见探讨

在当今技术变革加速的时代,一些企业尽管拥有强大的研发实力和主流市场的领导者地位,然而由于对技术发展趋势判断错误或者忽视新技术的市场潜力,一再错失重要发展机遇的情况时有发生。在此背景下,企业如能预见新的技术范式并识别、培育出突破性技术,则能成为新范式的掌舵者、行业的领导者。目前,已有的、基于线性思维的技术预测/预见方法尚难以解决包含高不确定性、复杂性的技术范式转换问题。文章认为,社会网络从一个网络的规模、密度、资源等角度,通过数据挖掘等工具和实证研究方法刻画范式转换的特征和演化路径,从而可能寻找到技术范式转换预见的途径。     

本土市场规模对技术创新能力的影响及其地区差异

本文用2003—2012年中国制造业省级面板数据,研究本土市场规模对技术创新能力的影响及其地区差异。结果显示,在控制了科技人员投入、科技经费投入和制度创新等条件下,本土市场规模显著促进技术创新,这为我国借助巨大的本土市场规模来推动技术创新,进而促进创新驱动发展战略的实施提供了理论支持;分地区比较分析表明,本土市场规模对技术创新能力的影响存在地区差异:本土市场规模越大,其对技术创新能力的促进作用也越大。结合当前东部地区本土市场规模和技术创新能力明显高于中西部地区的事实,推导出地区间技术创新能力的差异将进一步扩大。     

基于MVC模式的科技档案管理系统的设计与实现

对科技档案管理系统进行了功能需求上的分析;在基于MVC模式和.NET框架下,给出了一种科技档案管理系统的设计和实现方案。通过实际使用,能够大力提高工作效率。     

园林解说系统的技术创新探讨

革除空泛"说教",提升"说服"力度,成为我国当前和未来园林解说系统发展的必然选择。本文基于技术创新的时代背景以及园林解说系统的发展现状,以南昌天香园为案例实证分析园林解说系统的有效性,并在此基础上,构建园林解说系统的技术创新模式,提出园林解说系统的技术创新策略。     

The role of technological catch up and domestic market growth in the genesis of emerging country based multinationals

The paper presents a model that evaluates how upgraded technological capabilities of emerging country based multinationals (EMNCs) and an increase in the domestic market size of large emerging countries affect value chain location choices and the competitiveness of emerging country based firms versus advanced country based ones. The model shows that, even without possessing a competitive advantage in terms of technology and/or brands, EMNCs from large or rapidly technologically advancing countries can become dominant players in the global system. The model highlights the central role of firm level technological intensity and product differentiation in determining the location of value chain activities as well as defining organisational boundaries. Empirical analysis of the location choices of the world's top multinationals from large advanced and emerging countries in 2010 supports the model's predictions.     

Is small actually big? The chaos of technological change

In this paper, we develop themes from complexity and chaos theory that help to explain the technological change process. We apply two quantifiers, correlation dimensions and Lyapunov exponents, to examine the signs and degrees of chaotic technological dynamics. To illustrate our ideas, we study the development of electronic displays from 1976 to 2010, using patent data. The results of the chaos model are matched against the profiles of patent citations. Our analysis contributes to the development of a chaotic model of technological change.     

Technological change in U.S. jet fighter aircraft

This paper quantitatively measures technological change in U.S. jet fighter aircraft from 1944 to the present day using the hedonic pricing approach. The technical and performance characteristics of jet fighters have changed dramatically between the time they were first developed at the beginning of the 1940s and the present. Parallel to this technological change there has been a sharp escalation in costs regarding the new generations of jet fighter aircraft. We estimate a measure of price for the performance and technical characteristics of these aircraft. Embodied technological change in jet fighter airframes is measured using quality-adjusted prices. Although the flyaway cost of jet fighter aircraft has soared, on average, by about 12.63% per year, the quality-adjusted aircraft cost has only risen by about 2.6% per year, a figure lower than the average observed general inflation rate for the period (around 4%). This represents an impressive average technological progress ratio of around 10% per year. A revealed preferences argument shows that the characteristic most valued by the government is stealth capability, followed by advanced avionics.     

Light emitting diodes and the lighting revolution: The emergence of a solid-state lighting industry

Emergence of new industries from evolving technologies is critical to the global economy, yet has been relatively understudied due to the paucity of available data. This study draws lessons on industry emergence, by analyzing how a solid-state lighting (SSL) industry grew out of light emitting diode (LED) technologies that evolved for half a century, with participation by tens of thousands of researchers in universities, national laboratories, and firms. Using data on publications, patents, and firms combined with business history we trace the evolution of SSL through a succession of market niches. At times a few researchers with unorthodox research approaches made breakthroughs that greatly advanced particular technology trajectories and pushed LED research in unexpected directions. A succession of LED market niches advanced the technology and provided profits to incentivize continuing research while reducing cost and improving efficacy of LEDs. Innovating firms developed a thicket of patents and captured substantial profit, but were embroiled in extensive litigation that was ultimately resolved through cross-licensing. A major new generation of lighting products is now disrupting the traditional lighting industry. Although the leading incumbent lighting firms all invested early and heavily in SSL, the industry's future leadership is uncertain.     

广东基础研究竞争力探究：基础研究产出视角

高水平科研论文是体现基础研究成果的主要载体。为科学把握广东在国内的科技竞争力地位,利用Access、CiteSpace等工具和波士顿矩阵分析方法,从论文产出、卓越论文、国际合作论文和学科优势等维度对2010—2019年广东SCI论文情况进行定量定性分析。结果发现：广东SCI论文数量全国排名第四、增幅居全国首位,论文被引用强度明显提升;但广东在SCI论文数量和质量,以及基础研究产出和学科建设方面,与北京、上海等地存在一定差距,发展仍较为滞后。广东建设更高水平的科技创新强省,要进一步加强对基础研究的重视、引入和培育优秀科技人员、再创学科新优势和打造高水平科技期刊等学术交流平台。