Mining user interests over active topics on social networks

Inferring users’ interests from their activities on social networks has been an emerging research topic in the recent years. Most existing approaches heavily rely on the explicit contributions (posts) of a user and overlook users’ implicit interests, i.e., those potential user interests that the user did not explicitly mention but might have interest in. Given a set of active topics present in a social network in a specified time interval, our goal is to build an interest profile for a user over these topics by considering both explicit and implicit interests of the user. The reason for this is that the interests of free-riders and cold start users who constitute a large majority of social network users, cannot be directly identified from their explicit contributions to the social network. Specifically, to infer users’ implicit interests, we propose a graph-based link prediction schema that operates over a representation model consisting of three types of information: user explicit contributions to topics, relationships between users, and the relatedness between topics. Through extensive experiments on different variants of our representation model and considering both homogeneous and heterogeneous link prediction, we investigate how topic relatedness and users’ homophily relation impact the quality of inferring users’ implicit interests. Comparison with state-of-the-art baselines on a real-world Twitter dataset demonstrates the effectiveness of our model in inferring users’ interests in terms of perplexity and in the context of retweet prediction application. Moreover, we further show that the impact of our work is especially meaningful when considered in case of free-riders and cold start users.     

影响英语繁荣的科技因素

随着英国和美国科技以及经济的快速发展,英语遍及全球,在几百年的时间里迅速成长为世界共同语。在整个英语的扩张过程中,科技以及由科技带来的经济繁荣对英语的世界地位的确立奠定了坚实的基础,因而本文通过对英语繁荣的科技因素的探索,发掘未来英语发展的长远动力。     

论环境观照下的技术创新

由于技术创新概念在本体论意义上对于环境生态意识的付之阙如、技术创新的过度张扬而导致工具理性的膨胀与价值理性的缺失和环境生态理念对于技术创新的相对滞后等原因,致使技术创新引发环境生态等问题。解铃还需系铃人,环境生态问题的解决还必须依赖环境观照调适下的技术创新。     

浅谈中介语理论对高职高专公共英语教学的启示

中介语理论是二语习得理论中的一个重要组成部分，本文通过对中介语特征和其不同发展阶段的探索分析，结合高职高专公共英语教学的实际情况，寻求中介语理论对高职高专英语教学的启示，以促进高职高专英语教学的改革提高。     

浅析外商直接投资的技术溢出效应及对策

我国的招商引资策略,使得外资企业不断增加.透过一些机制和渠道,外商直接投资的技术溢出效应成为当地企业先进生产技术和管理经验的重要来源,有助于企业实现产业升级和提高自主创新能力.然而,当前我国存在着很多限制技术溢出效应的主客观因素.因此,应采取必要措施,减轻或者消除这些抑制因素,扩大外商直接投资的技术溢出效应,提高本国企业的自主创新能力.     

The structure of invention

This paper explores the process by which radically novel technologies - ones such as radar, the turbojet, or the polymerase chain reaction - come into being. It shows that this process - “invention” - has a certain logical structure common to all cases. Invention is a process of linking some purpose or need with an effect that can be exploited to satisfy it. It may begin with a purpose or need for which existing methods are not satisfactory; this forces the seeking of a new principle (the idea of an effect in action). Or it may begin with a phenomenon or effect itself - usually a freshly discovered one - for which some associated principle of use suggests itself. Either way, translating this base principle into physical reality requires the creation of suitable working parts and supporting technologies. These raise their own challenges or problems, the solution of which may raise further challenges. As a result, invention is a recursive process: it repeats until each challenge or problem (and subproblem, and sub-subproblem) resolves itself into one that can be physically dealt with. It is challenging, usually lengthy, part-conceptual, and part-experimental.     

高层次科技人才多元评价指标体系构建研究

以冰山模型为基础,结合高层次科技人才的素质特征构建高层次科技人才评价指标体系。以人才类型、评价目的不同划分多元化的评价应用场景,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,确定简化应用评价体系。将高层次科技人才分为三类:基础研究型、工程技术型、创新创业型;评价目的分类为选拔引进和绩效评估。该研究综合考虑不同类型人才基于不同评价目的时素质特征需求的多样化,提出高层次科技人才的多元评价指标体系。     

New wine in old bottles: Technological diffusion in developed economies

As new and old technologies generally co-exist in the complex production methods that characterise major sectors of modern developed economies, it is important for policy makers to analyse them together in order to take full advantage of complementarities and optimise outcomes for entire economies rather than for individual industries. In this article, we look at the interrelationships between technologies of different vintages from three perspectives. Firstly, we develop a short theoretical model to demonstrate the reciprocal connections between industries that are generally described as being ‘high technology’ with the other sectors that rely more heavily on ‘non-high tech’ methods. Through the use of input-output and patent data, we then show that long-established industries that are not generally thought of as being high tech often employ cutting-edge knowledge in their own research and development and, by extension, in their other activities. Finally, we use sectoral case studies to show how so-called high tech knowledge is used in specific long-established industries. Our conclusion is that relationships between high tech and non-high tech sectors are highly symbiotic and that the health of high tech firms and industries depends heavily on their ability to sell their outputs to other sectors in developed economies.     

基于知识图谱的国际技术创新研究现状、热点和趋势

借助知识图谱的最新可视化技术,基于共引分析理论和寻径网络算法,把科学计量学与数学、计算机图形学结合,对Web of Science中2011年～2015年有关技术创新的11997篇文献为研究对象,利用可视化软件CiteSpace III,对核心期刊、重要作者,重要文献、研究热点做了分析,绘制出近五年国际技术创新领域的知识图谱,总结展示了国际技术创新领域近五年的发展态势和研究热点。通过探索分析,总结了当今国际技术创新研究的5大热点领域：“知识搜索”、“绿色技术”、“一般创新研究”、“市场前景”和“新技术的产生”,最后,对研究结果进行了讨论总结和展望。     

技术创新发展中医药业

中医药业是带有我国显著民族特色的传统产业之一,同时也是占据独特国际优势的产业,但是近年来发达国家不断加大中医药研究力度的背景下,严重削弱了我国中医药产业的市场竞争优势。文章认为技术创新是改善中医药业发展格局,增强核心竞争力的有效手段,在阐述我国中医药业创新发展现状基础上,分析其中存在的问题,并结合我国实际情况尝试提出一些具有针对性的整改措施。