教育学的坏理论研究之一:教育学的核心概念体系

任何理论都离不开概念,否则无法超越常识和直观经验。但在理论世界中,并非所有的名词都是概念。概念既要有内涵、又要有外延。一个名词是否是概念只在于它的界定是否指明了独特内涵,而与它所采用的句法格式无关。凡是只罗列外延的,都不是概念;凡是利用已有术语或概念进行构词法组合就能说明含义的或陈述文本等效于构词法解释的,也都不是概念。据说教育学已经获得了独立的学科地位,标志就是拥有了独立的核心概念体系。核心概念体系是支撑教育学理论的基本骨架,其质量是教育学理论质量的关键。然而通过阅读和分析教育学文献发现,教育学糟糕的核心概念体系存在四个方面的缺陷:用术语冒充概念、在科学的语境下构造伪概念、习惯于概念泛化以及构造虚假的概念分类体系。我们不能苛求一门发展中的学科理论所使用的术语必须全是概念,但是如果最基本术语都不是概念的话,那就是大问题了。可以肯定,教育学对绝大多数概念都处于熟知而非真知的状态,教育学中的"概念"体系只是一种理论幻象,教育、教育目的、教学结构、教学方式等几个概念支撑不了教育学。     

浅议中国高考破格录取

高考录取关系到千家百户的命运,也是彰显教育公平的重要尺度。高考破格录取适应时代发展的潮流,是历史发展的必然趋势,然而高考破格录取在现实中还存在很多问题。针对诸多问题,进行必要的高考破格录取改革迫在眉睫。     

基于向量空间模型的文献相关性数据库的研究与实现*

探讨“相关性”的概念,简述文献相关性数据库的研究现状,提出基于词表和特征项提取的向量空间模型,并在此基础上设计、构建中国生物医学工程文献相关性数据库及其检索系统。     

Continual Improvement of Online and Blended Teaching Using Relative Proximity Theory

This article applies Deming's Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act (PDSA) cycle of continual improvement to a course taught with both blended and online sections. It uses Relative Proximity Theory, an extension of the Theory of Transactional Distance, to measure the quality of online/blended learning as a function of the obstacles to a student's full engagement with a course. These obstacles can arise because of the student's transactions with fellow students, with the instructor, with the course content, or from the instructional technology used in the course. Using stepwise multiple regression, the most significant obstacles can be identified. Once the obstacles are known, strategies to reduce them are planned and implemented. Logistic regression is used to determine if the realized reductions are statistically significant and for setting the stage for further improvements.     

基于TValue融合领域度的术语抽取法

提出 ATValue(Advanced TValue and Fieldhood Integration) 术语抽取法。为提高术语抽取质量,在 TValue 五属性的基础上,提出领域度。通过相关性分析获得六属性组合值 AValue,最后识别AValue 高于术语可信度的词串来选择候选术语。能源行业的实验结果表明：ATValue 术语抽取法的F值约比 TValue 术语抽取法高出 2 个百分点,原因在于 ATValue 的领域度测算了词串中各种单词对领域的贡献。     

An improved TF-IDF approach for text classification

This paper presents a new improved term frequency/inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) approach which uses confidence, support and characteristic words to enhance the recall and precision of text classification. Synonyms defined by a lexicon are processed in the improved TF-IDF approach. We detailedly discuss and analyze the relationship among confidence, recall and precision. The experiments based on science and technology gave promising results that the new TF-IDF approach improves …     

汉语科技词系统在文献自动赋词标引中的应用研究

文章首先介绍了汉语科技词系统的体系结构和功能,其次设计了自动赋词标引研究的整体思路,完成了自动赋词标引的系统功能实现,包括标引知识库的格式转换、算法实现和系统实现,并收集语料进行测试。最后对自动赋词标引的结果进行了分析,并且总结了该自动赋词标引研究的特点和不足,介绍了未来的工作设想。     

推进短学期制度改革，提升地方师范院校教胄质量-以乐山师范学院为例

在高等教育转型的过程中,短学期制已经成为高校教学管理制度改革的一种重要的制度形式。乐山师范学院自2011年暑期开始推行短学期制度改革。本文结合学校教学管理改革实践,从课程与教学、师资配置和教学管理等方面就如何完善地方本科师范院校短学期实践教学作出几点思考。     

Mining a Persian–English comparable corpus for cross-language information retrieval

Knowledge acquisition and bilingual terminology extraction from multilingual corpora are challenging tasks for cross-language information retrieval. In this study, we propose a novel method for mining high quality translation knowledge from our constructed Persian–English comparable corpus, University of Tehran Persian–English Comparable Corpus (UTPECC). We extract translation knowledge based on Term Association Network (TAN) constructed from term co-occurrences in same language as well as term associations in different languages. We further propose a post-processing step to do term translation validity check by detecting the mistranslated terms as outliers. Evaluation results on two different data sets show that translating queries using UTPECC and using the proposed methods significantly outperform simple dictionary-based methods. Moreover, the experimental results show that our methods are especially effective in translating Out-Of-Vocabulary terms and also expanding query words based on their associated terms.