Decision-Making Groups Attenuate the Discussion Bias in Favor of Shared Information: A Meta-Analysis

Groups often focus their discussions on information that all members know at the outset. To test how robust the sampling advantage for shared information is, a meta-analysis was conducted. The analysis integrated findings from 20 publications (45 independent effects), in which information sharedness was manipulated. Groups discussed more shared than unshared information overall. However, the observed sampling advantage was smaller than expected. Groups attenuated the discussion bias in particular when they had to choose among a small number of decision alternatives and when they had less than 30 minutes discussion time. Moreover, groups performing a hidden-profile task tended to display a smaller discussion bias than groups performing tasks with equally attractive alternatives.     

青海湖北沙柳河镇土壤水与土壤水库研究

根据土壤含水量和粒度测定,对青海湖北侧沙柳河镇附近土壤含水量与土壤水库进行了研究。结果表明：青海湖北侧土壤含水量随着深度的增加而减少,在0.6m深度以下土壤含水量严重不足;该区土壤水库蓄水性非常特殊,上部蓄水量多,下部蓄水量少。该区土壤厚度小,土壤水库容量小,蓄水能力小,干旱年易于发生草原退化。沙柳河镇土壤水集中分布在土壤的上部,初步认为这是该区土层冻结期较长和低温导致蒸发作用较弱决定的,这对该区根系较浅的草原植被的生长发育是非常有利的。在近年降水增多条件下,该区土壤水分能够满足草原植被的生长。该区不适于发展乔灌木植被,适合发展根系短、耗水较少的草原植被。     

水膨体类调剖剂堵调机理实验研究

目前,我国大多数注水开发的油田已进入高含水开发阶段,堵水调剖技术得到了广泛应用。本文论述了通过物模试验,开展水膨体类调剖剂对孔隙的封堵能力、封堵强度等研究,探索水膨体类调剖剂在地层中的封堵机理,对高含水油田合理应用水膨体类调剖剂提供参考。     

密度泛函理论研究1,1’-二吡咯的结构和振动光谱

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法研究了1,1’-二吡咯的结构和振动光谱.通过对分子势能面扫描确定了当两个吡咯环在相互垂直的两个平面上时具有最低的能量,比平面构型分子的能量低33.09 kJ/mol,是势能面上的稳定构型,这与实验结果一致.同时,对优化所得的稳定构型在相同水平上分析了1,1’-二吡咯的振动光谱,并对光谱进行了指认.     

基于GEM2.0的教育元数据应用纲要

本文论述了一个适用于高等教育环境的基于GEM2.0的教育元数据应用纲要。文章介绍了它的元数据表、受控词表／编码标准、标引指南和标引界面。元数据表由19个元素和多个扩展字段组成,在GEM2.0的基础上,它补充了课程名称、专业、研究小组、信息类型四个元素和课程教学资料类型、文献类型、工具书类型三个字段,这些元素与字段覆盖了高等教育环境下的教育资源,并可以与主题元素结合帮助用户快速而准确地获取信息。自建的课程教学资料类型、文献类型、工具书类型和信息类型四个受控词表有一定的参考价值。标引指南对元素、字段含义、标引原则和著录方式作了详尽说明。标引界面和工作流程的设计则兼合考虑了普通用户的需求和标引质量的保证。     

Thyroid disorders in women of Puducherry

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Free Thyroxine (FT₄) and Free Triiodothyronine (FT₃) were assayed in 505 women of this region. 60 women had previous history of thyroid disease. The remaining 445 women formed the “Disease free group”. A “Reference group” was obtained by excluding women with previous and present history of thyroid dysfunction. Of the total 505 women examined 15.8% had thyroid dysfunction and 84.2% were euthyroid. 11.5% were hypothyroid (9.5% sub-clinical) and 1.8% hyperthyroid (1.2% clinical). The geometric mean TSH for the total population was 2.65 μIU/ml. It was significantly (p=0.025) lower in the reference population 2.17 μIU/ml. There was no significant difference in the FT₃ and FT₄ values between groups. 19% of women over 60 years had elevated TSH above 4.5 μIU/ml. The 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles of the reference population was 1.1–5.2 μIU/ml. 6.1% of women in the reference group had TSH levels above the reference intervals. Hypothyroidism particularly sub-clinical hypothyroidism is predominantly present amongst women in this iodine sufficient region. Evaluation of thyroid status could help in early detection and treatment.     

基于模型驱动的测试架构

如何在确保软件质量的前提下有效缩短上市周期的问题日益显得重要.笔者基于MDT的思路研究出了一种基于模型驱动的自动化测试架构.该架构通过算法直接将UML系统设计模型转换成U2TP测试设计模型,然后由测试设计模型根据测试策略和测试工程方法自动生成测试用例,实现了测试资源重利用和测试活动的前移,从而有效缩短了测试周期.     

Diagnostic strategies for subclinical hypothyroidism

The aim of this study is to delineate laboratory diagnostic strategies for subclinical hypothyroidism in patients who are clinically symptomatic but may have a normal thyroid profile. Tri — iodothyronine (T₃), thyroxine (T₄), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and anti thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO) were estimated on fasting blood samples from 99 patients using electrochemiluminescence methods on ELECSYS 1010 (Roche). 74% of study subjects had elevated anti-TPO levels.61% patients had subclinical hypothyroidism. 45 of the 61 subclinical hypothyroid patients had elevated anti-TPO levels (73%). This is an important finding suggesting an autoimmune etiology for subclinical thyroid dysfunction with a higher risk of developing overt hypothyroidism.     

被遮蔽的知识分子群像--论《红旗谱》中的知识分子形象

<红旗谱>中被遮蔽的知识分子群像,不仅关涉到十七年主流话语对工农兵话语的激励和对知识分子的话语压抑这一写作规范,也包含了作家创作理想、审美意识与主流规范的冲突和化解,在更深层次上则反映了十七年语境下知识分子独立人格的缺失.     

Impact of iodine deficiency on thyroid function in pregnant African women — A possible factor in the genesis of ‘small for dates’ babies

The effect of iodine deficiency (ID) on thyroid function in African women during pregnancy and postnatal period was examined, for which very limited information is available. Serum T₄, T₃, TSH, TBG, thyroxine binding capacity (TBK), free thyroxine index (FT₄I=T₄/TBK) and T₄/TBG were determined by ELISA technique in 32 pregnant women (resident of Plateau state, Nigeria- an ID zone) through pregnancy upto term delivery, and in 5 women up to 6 weeks post delivery. Urinary iodide level was measured at delivery to determine the degree of iodine deficiency. Results were matched with a non pregnant control comprising 44 subjects. 5555 birth weights (BW) of term babies in the region were analysed to determine the prevalence of ‘small for dates’ (SFD) babies in the population. Results show that the level of serum FT₄I was elevated very significantly at late gestation (P<.001) but the women were not hyperthyroid, suggesting a marked disturbance in binding of T₄ with TBG during pregnancy. Five women with SFD babies were found in ‘compensated hypothyroid state’ and showed a significant depression (p<.01) in serum T₄/TBG, T₄, FT₄I and T₃ levels to a low normal range, with a concurrent significant rise (p.<.001) in TSH level (above normal range) throughout pregnancy. Incidence of SFD babies was higher (p.<.001) in ID zone (Bassa 15.2%) compared to control zone (Jos 9.8%). It is concluded that a state of maternal ‘subclinical (compensated) hypothyroidism’ during pregnancy possibly plays an important role in the aetiopathogenesis of SFD babies in Africans. A normal reference range for thyroid parameters at various stages of pregnancy in healthy African women is established for the first time.