基于SIFT特征点精确匹配的图像拼接技术研究

为实现两幅或多幅图像的拼接需要提取两幅图像中的特征点,并对所提取的特征点进行精确匹配。本文在应用SIFT方法提取待匹配图像中的特征点并对提取的特征点进行粗匹配基础上,对基于距离约束的特征点的精确匹配方法进行了研究。消除误匹配点对共分两个步骤:1)在一幅图像中取一个特征点计算与该特征点欧式距离最小的两个特征点,并取欧式距离最小值;利用粗匹配点,在待拼接的另一幅图像中同样求相应点间欧式距离并取最小值;若两值中的较小值与较大值之比大于设定阈值,则初步得到精确匹配点对。2)在一幅图像中顺序取初步判定位误匹配的特征点,计算该特征点与精确匹配特征点间欧氏距离,并取距离最小的两个特征点;在待拼接的另一幅图像中同样求相应匹配点间欧式距离并取最小值,两值中的较小值与较大值之比与设定的阈值比较可得到精确匹配点对。实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

Advanced Math Course Taking: Effects on Math Achievement and College Enrollment

Using data from the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002–2006, the authors investigated the effects of advanced math course taking on math achievement and college enrollment and how such effects varied by socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. Results from propensity score matching and sensitivity analyses showed that advanced math course taking had positive effects on math achievement and college enrollment. Results also demonstrated that the effect of advanced math course taking on math achievement was greater for low socioeconomic status students than for high socioeconomic status students, but smaller for Black students than for White students. No interaction effects were found for college enrollment. Limitations, policy implications, and future research directions are discussed.     

Expert group formation using facility location analysis

In this paper, we propose an optimization framework to retrieve an optimal group of experts to perform a multi-aspect task. While a diverse set of skills are needed to perform a multi-aspect task, the group of assigned experts should be able to collectively cover all these required skills. We consider three types of multi-aspect expert group formation problems and propose a unified framework to solve these problems accurately and efficiently. The first problem is concerned with finding the top k experts for a given task, while the required skills of the task are implicitly described. In the second problem, the required skills of the tasks are explicitly described using some keywords but each expert has a limited capacity to perform these tasks and therefore should be assigned to a limited number of them. Finally, the third problem is the combination of the first and the second problems. Our proposed optimization framework is based on the Facility Location Analysis which is a well known branch of the Operation Research. In our experiments, we compare the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed framework with the state-of-the-art approaches for the group formation problems. The experiment results show the effectiveness of our proposed methods in comparison with state-of-the-art approaches.     

R&D人员绩效特征及考评方法权变选择研究

RD人员的绩效考评长期困扰着管理实践,对其分类考评逐渐成为共识,但这方面的实证研究还比较缺乏。通过问卷调查以及定量为主的分析表明:测量RD人员绩效特征的变量结构是六因子二阶模型;根据其绩效特征的异同,可以将RD人员分为两类;其中一类RD人员的特征是绩效行为可评价性低而绩效结果可评价性中等,另一类的特征是绩效行为可评价性中等而绩效结果可评价性高;前一类RD人员最认可结果考核与书面鉴定相平衡的考评方法,而结果考核为主行为考核为辅的考评方法却最适合后一类RD人员。这些研究结论对于RD人员的绩效考评具有指导价值。     

一种电子商务中买卖双方交易匹配的决策方法

针对电子商务中买卖双方交易匹配问题,文章将主体给出的多粒度语言评价信息转化成三角模糊数形式,运用逼近理想解法计算主体综合评价与理想评价的相对贴近度,并以其表示匹配主体的满意度。构建综合考虑匹配主体满意度一致性和最大化的优化模型,求解该模型获得匹配结果。通过实例说明所提方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于前景检测的视差优化算法

目前立体匹配算法分两类,传统的匹配算法通过计算两幅图的像素点相似程度,采用的是一种局部优先的方法。而当前的策略主要将问题转化为求解能量方程,进而对全局空间进行优化,提高匹配精度,获得更好的视差图。但是在实际应用过程中,由于光学失真和噪声,平滑表面的镜面反射,投影缩减,透视失真,低纹理和重复纹理等影响,导致误匹配或者找不到匹配点,从而得不到有效视差。然而在特定的场合,可以利用有限的有效视差,基于前景检测以及最小二乘法,优化得到较为完整的前景视差图。     

智能化能否提升企业全要素生产率和技术创新

数字化、网络化和智能化是“中国制造业2025”提出的产业转型的重要方针,而智能化技术作为一种通用技术进步,是否能够真的缩短劳动时间,提高企业全要素生产率和技术创新还值得商榷。本文基于中国工信部、国家发改委和科技部的智能化试点政策,使用 2009-2018年上市公司面板数据,采用倾向得分匹配和双重差分方法（PSM-DID）,研究智能化政策能否促进企业的全要素生产率和创新效率,并分析要素密集度、所有权结构和研发密度产生的异质性。研究结果发现：（1）智能化能够提高当期的企业全要素生产率,但对企业创新效率的影响不明显;（2）智能化对企业全要素生产率和技术创新的影响均存在滞后性和动态性,对全要素生产率的影响呈“U”型趋势,而对企业创新效率的作用从第二年才开始,并呈倒“U”型趋势;（3）考虑要素密集度、所有权结构和研发密度后,智能化对不同类型企业影响不同。简单来说,智能化对劳动和资源密集型企业全要素生产率的作用大于资本密集型,而创新效率相反。国有企业智能化对全要素生产率的作用大于非国有企业,并且创新效率的作用都不显著。研发密度越低的企业智能化对全要素生产率作用最大,但对所有类型企业当期创新效率的影响都不显著。     

家庭农场对绿色生产的影响 ——以江苏省三市水稻种植户为例

关注家庭农场这一新型经营主体的绿色生产行为,以江苏省三市共468户水稻种植者的调研数据,采用倾向得分匹配与中介效应模型,实证分析家庭农场对绿色生产行为的影响,以及农业培训在家庭农场与绿色生产行为之间的中介作用。结果表明：样本中超过45%的水稻种植户未采用绿色生产技术,化肥农药费用投入较高;家庭农场对绿色生产行为有促进作用,家庭农场经营者不仅会采取更多绿色生产技术,还会降低化肥农药的投入,而且家庭农场可以促进经营者参与农业培训,而农业培训在家庭农场与绿色生产行为之间起到中介作用。因此为促进农业绿色生产行为,应鼓励符合条件的生产者申请家庭农场,树立模范标杆,并通过多种途径的培训与宣传提倡规范生产、节能增效的绿色生产,不断推动农业的绿色生产发展。     

计算机辅助分析和设计在微波技术中的应用

本文首先分析了计算机辅助分析、辅助设计和微波分析、微波设计中遇到的问题的特点以及它们之间的关系,然后以传 输线阻抗匹配为例,证明了计算机辅助分析和设计在微波教学和科研中的重要意义。     

Time spent on the Internet by multicultural adolescents in Korea

This study analysed The 8th Online Survey of Adolescent Health and Behaviour in 2012, which is a government-approved statistical survey of Internet use and patterns in Korea. We conducted a propensity score matching (PSM) to control for economic status differences between monocultural and multicultural families and an ANOVA to estimate the effects of multicultural family status, adolescents’ gender, school grades, locality, and parents’ academic background on adolescents’ Internet use (for studying and entertainment). The study revealed the following: with regard to Internet use patterns, adolescents from both monocultural and multicultural families selected gaming as their first choice, followed by studying and data searching. Furthermore, main and interaction effects of independent variables on adolescents’ time spent on the Internet for studying were not significant. However, the interaction effects of multicultural family status and mothers’ academic background on adolescents’ time spent on the Internet for entertainment were statistically significant. Specifically, adolescents’ time spent on the Internet for entertainment was higher in multicultural families with mothers whose education level was lower than middle school. Finally, we suggested that the government should provide full support to less educated mothers in multicultural families for effectively and constructively controlling their children’s Internet use and teaching it to them.