Student and Teacher Perspectives in Computer-Mediated Learning Environments in Teacher Education

Rapid advances in technology, particularly with the Internet, have led to the availability of numerous tools to support teaching and learning. This study involved the use of an Internet application, Connecting Communities of Learners (CCL), in courses for prospective teachers. Unlike earlier studies involving the use of the CCL, the context of this study related to full-time graduate students who used the CCL to augment weekly face-to-face instruction. An interpretive study was undertaken to ascertain student and teacher perceptions of the learning environments associated with the use of the CCL. Through the use of the CCL, students were able to be autonomous in regard to their own learning, co-participate with their peers and the instructor, and establish and maintain a community of learners in which participants could interact with others as co-teachers and co-learners. The CCL was perceived as a useful tool for building learning environments in which all participants can contribute written texts as evidence of what is known and as objects from which others can learn. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Exploring student hand-raising across two school subjects using mixed methods: An investigation of an everyday classroom behavior from a motivational perspective

Student hand-raising is an everyday behavior in classroom interactions with teachers. This research presents two studies that examine the variance in hand-raising and its relation to student motivation in two school subjects, Mathematics and Language Arts. Student hand-raising is introduced as an indicator of behavioral engagement. Study 1 investigated N = 397 high school students in 20 classrooms during a videotaped lesson in each subject. Multilevel regression analysis suggests that student motivation accounts for significant variance in hand-raising. The results show subject-specific differences: Student self-concept predicts hand-raising in Mathematics, while students' situational interest predicts their hand-raising in Language Arts. Students’ externally regulated motivation is predictive across both subjects. In Study 2, N = 14 high school students were interviewed about their hand-raising behavior. The results validate and extend the findings from Study 1. Finally, this research emphasizes the importance of fostering student hand-raising and discusses the implications for future research.     

喜马拉雅山区大气与环境综合观测研究支撑青藏高原地球系统科学发展

中国科学院珠穆朗玛大气与环境综合观测研究站（以下简称“珠峰站”）位于珠穆朗玛峰自然保护区核心区域,围绕我国青藏高原生态保护和生态文明高地建设及经济社会可持续发展的国家战略科技需求,致力于地球“第三极”复杂地形山地大气过程和环境变化研究。珠峰站以气候变化下青藏高原地-气相互作用过程研究为主线,开展了针对地表、大气、环境、冰川、生态和地球物理等过程的长期定位监测和野外科学观测试验;构建了珠峰地区多时空、多手段、高精度、多要素一体化地-气相互作用综合观测研究平台,显著提升了青藏高原特别是珠峰地区的气象观测能力。珠峰站是喜马拉雅山区地球系统科学研究的重要基地,为深入系统地开展青藏高原地球系统科学研究提供了基础数据,同时也为认识青藏高原在全球变化中的作用和对全球变化的响应提供了支撑平台。     

Are daily intergroup interactions distressing? An end-of-day diary study of associations between daily intergroup interaction proportion and psychological distress/well-being

Laboratory-based studies show that intercultural interactions often cause people to feel stressed and anxious. However, we know fairly little about how intercultural interactions unfold outside of the laboratory. The present study examined associations between the proportion of daily intercultural interactions among 97 university students and their daily distress as well as daily well-being, using a 21-day end-of-day diary design. Overall, on days where participants had a larger proportion of intercultural interactions compared to their habitual level, they reported more psychological distress, with a small effect size. This association was similar for participants with majority status and for those with minority status. Daily proportion of intercultural interaction was unrelated to daily psychological well-being. We also observed no associations between daily intercultural interaction proportion and distress/well-being across days (using lagged analyses). This work extends laboratory-based findings that intercultural interactions are taxing to unstructured naturalistic settings.     

主体风险态度对校企联盟知识转移模式的影响

指出校企联盟不同于其他同类型组织组成的联盟,有着主体知识异质性、主体属性异质性和主体非竞争性特点,结合对主体风险态度与收益关系的博弈分析以及联盟知识转移特性的分析,说明主体风险态度及其不同组合如何影响校企联盟的知识转移模式,对企业与大学科研机构选择合适的联盟模式具有指导意义。     

交互关系视角下项目组合风险系统架构及其复杂性

研究从来源、产生范式和功能特征等三个维度扩展项目间交互关系分类体系,分析交互关系视角下项目组合风险的产生和变化,在此基础上构建基于逻辑维和认识维的项目组合风险系统架构模型,并对其系统复杂性展开讨论。     

一种新设计的技术媒介远程教学模式理论分析框架

本文尝试建立一种新设计的技术媒介远程教学模式理论分析框架。首先指出教育技术学和教育传播学对研究技术媒介的远程教学的理论指导意义。在分析比较人际面授教学与技术媒介教学的基础上,进一步将技术媒介教学划分成技术环境中的面授教学和技术媒介的远程教学两类,随后集中论述技术媒介的远程教学的各种模式：教学信息传输模式、远程教学交互模式、远程学习模式,以及远程教学与远程学习的时空分离模式。最后,提出并讨论新设计的技术媒介远程教学模式的理论分析框架。     

边界约束下旋量场及其相互作用的量子化

首先利用Fadeev-Jakiw方法对存在边界约束的旋量场进行量子化,计算电子-电子相互作用二级近似的散射矩阵,发现边界条件将引起波矢的重新分布。因而当旋量粒子存在相互作用时,作用引起的量子跃迁有的模式被限制了。     

Implementation fidelity of MyTeachingPartner literacy and language activities: Association with preschoolers’ language and literacy growth

There is surprisingly little empirical research examining issues of fidelity of implementation within the early childhood education literature. In the MyTeachingPartner project, 154 teachers were provided with materials to implement a supplemental classroom curriculum addressing six aspects of literacy and language development. The present study examines the degree of variability in three aspects of implementation fidelity – dosage, adherence, and quality of delivery – and whether these components of fidelity were associated with children's growth in language and literacy skills across the preschool year. Findings indicate that teachers reported using the curriculum fairly often (dosage) and that they were observed to generally follow curricular lesson plans (adherence). In contrast, the quality of delivery, defined as the use of evidence-based teacher–child interactions for teaching literacy and language, was much lower. Children in classrooms in which activities were observed to last for longer (dosage) and in which teachers exhibited higher quality of delivery of literacy lessons made significantly greater gains in early literacy skills across the preschool year. Also, teachers’ use of higher quality language interactions was associated with gains for children who did not speak English at home. Results have implications for teacher professional development and the supports provided to ensure that curricula are delivered most effectively.     

The interplay of cognitive and relational social capital dimensions in university-industry collaboration: Overcoming the experience barrier

The use of university-industry collaboration in the innovation process is viewed as a major driver of firm competitiveness. The organizational dynamics underlying successful external relationships, however, remain poorly understood. Using longitudinal case studies of 15 innovation projects, we examine how firms with varying degrees of experience in collaborating with universities and public research organizations rely on different social capital dimensions to achieve successful collaborations. We find that experienced firms establish external collaborations on the basis of cognitive social capital, but this basis is reinforced by relational social capital over time. Conversely, less experienced firms initially base their university collaborations on relational social capital, which is reinforced by cognitive social capital over time. Based on these findings, we theorize on the interplay of different dimensions of social capital in university-industry collaborations over time. Our study has important implications for the management of collaborative innovation projects. In particular, it provides guidance to enable less experienced firms to develop successful collaborations with university partners.