Creating value in ecosystems: Crossing the chasm between knowledge and business ecosystems

Policy makers take initiatives to stimulate knowledge ecosystems in technology hotspots. It is implicitly assumed that these ecosystems will lead to value networks through which the participating companies can realize a competitive advantage. Value networks refer to business ecosystems where the value proposition is offered by a group of companies which are mutually complementary. The strategy literature suggests that business ecosystems lead to competitive advantages for each of the partners in the ecosystem. Based on a unique hand-collected database of 138 innovative start-ups in the region of Flanders, we analyze the knowledge and business ecosystem and the financial support network. We find that the knowledge ecosystem is well structured and concentrated around a number of central actors while the business ecosystem is almost non-existent at the local level. Further, we find that the financial support network is almost 100% publicly backed and fails to bridge the knowledge and business ecosystem. The implications for policy makers who tend to focus on the development of local ecosystems are discussed.     

Co-ownership of intellectual property: Exploring the value-appropriation and value-creation implications of co-patenting with different partners

Combining both interview data and empirical analyses at the patent and firm levels, we explore the value-appropriation and value-creation implications of R&D collaboration resulting in the co-ownership of intellectual property (i.e. co-patents). We make an explicit distinction between three different types of co-patenting partners: intra-industry partners, inter-industry partners, and universities. Our findings indicate that the value-appropriation challenges of IP sharing are clearly evident with intra-industry co-patenting, where partners are more likely to encounter overlapping exploitation domains. Co-patenting with universities is associated with higher market value, since appropriation challenges are unlikely to play a role and collaboration may signal novel technological opportunities. Although we find some evidence that co-patenting corresponds to higher (patent) value, patents co-owned with firms are significantly less likely to receive self-citations, indicating constraints on the future exploitation and development of co-owned technologies.     

Evaluating innovative processes in french firms: Methodological proposition for firm innovation capacity evaluation

Measuring innovation processes is a major concern for academics and firm managers. This study proposes an innovation capacity (IC) measure framework based on a set of 15 innovation management practices. Every practice is subdivided into multiple criteria which are directly observable phenomena or facts. The statistical method of value test and a multi-criteria approach are adopted to propose a typology of four groups of innovative firms (proactive, preactive, reactive, passive). The features observed on these groups of firms allow the determination of the firms’ innovation capacity and are useful for providing recommendations and practical actions for them, with a view to reinforcing it. Data from a sample group of 39 small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing industry in Lorraine, France were collected via a field survey and were fed into the model to determine the innovation capacity of the companies.     

No inventor is an island: Social connectedness and the geography of knowledge flows in the US

Do informal social ties connecting inventors across distant places promote knowledge flows between them? To measure informal ties, we use a new and direct index of social connectedness of regions based on aggregate Facebook friendships. We use a well-established identification strategy that relies on matching inventor citations with citations from examiners. Moreover, we isolate the specific effect of informal connections, above and beyond formal professional ties (co-inventor networks) and geographic proximity. We identify a significant and robust effect of informal ties on patent citations. Further, we find that the effect of geographic proximity on knowledge flows is entirely explained by informal social ties and professional networks. We also show that the effect of informal social ties on knowledge flows is greater for new entrepreneurs or ‘garage inventors’, for older or ‘forgotten’ patents, and for flows across distant technology fields. It has also become increasingly important over the last two decades.     

能源区块链下的光-储-用价值链增值效应仿真分析

在碳中和碳达峰背景下,探讨光伏价值链系统的价值增值机制及其影响因素作用。结合储能技术与区块链技术构建能源区块链下的“光-储-用”价值链,并设计相应的能源区块链平台,利用系统动力学模型对价值链价值增值效应进行仿真研究。结果表明：区块链技术的应用能够有效提高能源区块链中交易双方的互信水平,光伏发电商、储能商以及用户都将取得较高的收益并且实现价值的增值;此外,不同装机容量与发电商平台投资系数对价值链系统价值增值水平呈现正相关关系。最后为我国区块链技术的应用和光伏产业的发展提出大力发展“光-储-用”的光伏利用模式,推动储能行业积极参与清洁能源价值链建设,加快能源区块链建设,以及健全相应的清洁能源市场体制机制等对策建议。     

语言Q值与小语种语言存亡边界——基于语言经济学的模型

基于语言的人力资本性质,引入语言"Q值"量化其经济价值,并以此修正Grin模型分析小语种语言存在的必要性。分析结果表明:(1)语言的Q值越大时,也即这种语言的生命力越强时,人们投入这种语言的时间就会越多;(2)基于文化和政治上的原因,在小语种语言有必要保护的前提下,刻画出小语种语言存亡边界、改变小语种语言的语言态度以及小语种语言的使用人数,可以使小语种语言从死亡区进入生存区;(3)在对小语种语言保护的制度安排中,持久增加使用小语种语言的人数十分重要。     

杏花村文学遗产研究

杏花村文学相关文学作品的作者虽然均为历代文士政客,但大多数是生活于民俗境界中的地方文人和地方官员,因此其文学特性表现出更多的民俗性。杏花村文学遗产可以分为两大块,一是历代文学作品中杏花村文学意象的传承,二是历代文人对地理杏花村所在地的吟咏成果及相关民间传说。地理杏花村文学遗产集中在贵池杏花村一地,清代初年至民国初年,先后有两部村志记录了贵池杏花村丰富的文学史料。杏花村文学作品主题集中,来源复杂,作者众多。作品既有传统的诗文,也有流传于杏花村周边的民间传说。这些文学遗产的主要价值体现在文献、认识、传播、美学、民俗等几个方面。     

舍宾对女性形体训练的独特价值

舍宾是一种源自前苏联的形体美化系统,已在我国许多城市形成颇具规模的连锁俱乐部,其科学全面的人体测评体系和丰富的内容值得研究借鉴,本文从审美标准、评价体系等方面探讨舍宾蕴含的体育、社会、经济等领域的多元价值。     

The impact of electric overhead radiant heating on the indoor environment of historic churches

The impact of electric overhead radiant heaters on the microclimate, air flows, transport and deposition of suspended particulate matter (SPM) was monitored between March 2004 and March 2005 in the historic churches of Saint Michael Archangel in Szalowa and Saint Catherine in Cracow (Poland). The measurements show that although irradiation at the floor level increases temperature and reduces relative humidity in the interior of the church, the effect out of the heated zone and for the surfaces sheltered from irradiation is very limited, i.e. their extent is comparable with natural fluctuations inherent to the local climate of the church. The radiant heaters proved to generate little convectional flow of the air. Therefore, the heating system was not found to increase the concentration of SPM indoors; in particular, no re-suspension of particles already present in the church was observed. This work has demonstrated that the overhead radiant heaters are capable of providing localised heat to the areas where people congregate without adversely affecting painted walls and the works of arts displayed in churches. Care, however, should be taken that sensitive works of art are not exposed to the direct infrared radiation.     

试论研究性学习评价的价值取向

研究性学习的提出与实施，适应了21世纪对于人的全面发展的要求。而研究性学习评价的价值取向则要定位于学生人格的和谐发展、多元化发展，关注学习过程的体验和学生人文精神的张扬，使学生具有自我发展的能力，实现评价主体与客体的统一。