Qualitative Differences Between Learning Environments Using Videos in Small Groups and Whole Class Discussions: A Preliminary Study in Physics

Interactivity, group learning and student engagement are accepted as key features of social constructivist learning theories. The challenge is to understand the interplay between such features in different learning environments. This study focused on the qualitative differences between two interventions—small-groups and whole-class discussions. In both interventions, three short video slices on the abstract topic ‘the physics of superconductivity’ were interspersed with the different discussion styles. The video slices are based on the Bruner stages. Twenty-nine first year university physics students completed a pre-test, underwent the intervention and completed a post-test. The remainder of the data were collected from student drawings, video recordings, observer notes and facilitator feedback. Results indicate that the use of the video slices in both interventions were successful in changing students’ understandings of superconductivity. However, the small groups treatment tended to facilitate questioning, meaning-making and subsequent changes of ideas more so than the whole class discussions. Implications for research and practice are discussed.     

《古田会议决议》中的民主集中制思想

认为《古田会议决议》本身就是民主集中制的产物;《古田会议决议》处处闪烁着民主集中制的光辉思想;新形势下要进一步发扬民主集中制的思想;以增强党组织凝聚力为着力点推进高校党内民主建设。     

中国禁毒先驱唐国安

1909年在上海召开的万国禁烟会,是世界近代史上第一次国际性的禁烟会议,它首次确认了鸦片等毒品必须在世界范围内禁止,会议决议的内容多被以后的海牙禁烟公约所采纳,成为国际社会反毒禁毒的普遍原则.唐国安,这位留学生才俊,是廷选中参加上海万国禁烟会的中国代表之一.在会前,他积极筹备会议事务,在选择会址、核查各地禁烟实况等问题上费尽心思;会上,他以中国各地已取得的禁烟成绩为依据,与其他国家与会代表展开辩论,发表精彩演讲,获得大会好评;会后,他仍不遗余力地投身于禁烟事业中,将禁烟思想发扬光大,进一步推进中国禁烟运动的发展与壮大,是流芳千古的中国禁毒先驱.     

对侦查讯问同步录音录像制度的反思

讯问同步录音录像制度对于遏制刑讯逼供、保护犯罪嫌疑人等都具有重要作用。任何制度的建立和运作都有赖于一系列相关制度作保障,我国在相关保障机制尚未建立健全的情况下就推行这一制度,不仅可能无法发挥该制度预期的作用,反而会造成相反的结果。解决问题的关键在于加强对侦查讯问过程的外部监督和制约,使得该制度得以真正发挥作用。     

网络教学视频素材应用研究

文章针对高校多媒体教学发展过程中主要瓶颈之一——教学视频素材的应用问题,以网络视频素材的应用过程为线索,从视频素材的来源、下载、格式转换、加工以及合理设计等多个方面入手,探索了一整套适合教学视频素材应用的方案和方法,为视频素材的应用及提高课堂教学效率提供了一种较好的模式。     

《古田会议决议》80年历史回顾及启示

《古田会议决议》距今已过去了近80个春秋,回顾80年来党和军队建设的曲折历程和取得的丰功伟绩,无不闪耀着《决议》的光芒,实践有力证明《决议》在我党我军建设史这个"坐标系"中有着尤为重要的地位和作用,是毛泽东军队政治工作思想的重要组成部分和光辉典范,重温《决议》对新世纪、新阶段坚持从思想上建党、坚持党对军队绝对领导和熔铸当代革命军人核心价值观有着深刻启示意义。     

Video Enhanced Reflective Practice (VERP): supporting the development of trainee educational psychologists’ consultation and peer supervision skills

This article aims to seek trainee educational psychologists’ (TEPs) views about their experiences of using Video Enhanced Reflective Practice (VERP) to support their professional development, with a particular focus on consultation and peer supervision skills for the VERP guider. Participants engaged in three cycles of VERP, reflecting upon their practice using video clips of themselves. An action research design was implemented and views from trainee EPs and the Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) supervisor were sought, using semi-structured interviews. Hybrid Thematic Analysis was used in order to analyse the data. Findings suggest that VERP was generally a positive experience for trainees and their experiences highlighted the impact of observing themselves in practice, as opposed to retrospective reflection. Trainee EPs selected factors to consider within a ‘shared review’ and reflected on their experiences of being filmed, the strengths and the challenges of which are considered.     

Affordances of video-based professional development for supporting physics teachers' judgments about evidence of student thinking

This study explores the affordances of a video-based professional development workshop for supporting physics teachers' content-specific judgments about evidence of student thinking. We rated both the quality of teachers' discussions and the judgments that resulted as they discussed video clips highlighting student thinking. We found that teachers' judgments were related to the quality of their discussions. Quantitative and qualitative analyses suggest that elaborated focus questions and interactions with colleagues may support teachers with relatively little physics teaching experience in using their collective wisdom to engage in a situation-specific skill necessary for responsive teaching.     

Biology instruction using a generic framework of scientific reasoning and argumentation

We investigated biology instruction—using a generic framework of scientific reasoning and argumentation (SRA) with eight epistemic activities—on how to foster student learning in biological literacy which had not been clarified in previous studies. Our analysis of videotaped biology lessons and student achievement showed varying frequencies in using these activities and their effects on achievement. Those students taught with more epistemic activities had higher achievement. We believe that the SRA framework can be a worthwhile methodical tool for teaching biology to foster student learning. Therefore, we draw practically orientated implications for educational research, practitioners, teacher educators, and curriculum developers.     

Kinematics of cycling in relation to anterior knee pain and patellar tendinitis

The coronal and sagittal plane leg movements of 24 experienced male cyclists were assessed using video analysis while cycling on a Kingcycle windload simulator. The cyclists were grouped into those with a history of injury and an asymptomatic group on the basis of self-reported injury status. The ages, cycling experience, competition distances and competition speeds of the two groups were compared using Student's t-test. No significant differences (P?<0.05) were found for any of these variables. The maximum and minimum shank adduction, shank adduction velocities, knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion values were also compared using Student's t-test. Significant differences were found at the point of maximum adduction (1.9°; P?=?0.019) and minimum dorsiflexion (4.9°; P?=?0.014). These differences indicated more dorsiflexion and greater abduction on the part of the symptomatic cyclists, supporting previous research that found that cyclists with a history of injury differ from those without a history of injury in the coronal plane leg movement patterns they adopt. Also, the most extreme medial position of the knee relative to the ankle occurred during knee extension. This supports the potential injury mechanism proposed by Francis (1986), which had previously only been examined using coronal plane kinematics.