Nineteenth century chrome yellow and chrome deep from Winsor & NewtonTM

The Winsor & Newton^TM (W&N) nineteenth century archive database includes digitised images of hand-written instructions and workshop notes for the manufacture of their artists’ materials. For the first time, all 183 production records for yellow lead chromate pigments were studied and evaluated. They revealed that W&N produced essentially three pigment types: lemon/pale based on mixed crystals of lead chromate and lead sulphate [Pb(Cr,S)O₄]; middle on pure monoclinic lead chromate [PbCrO₄]; and deep that contains the latter admixed with basic lead chromate [Pb₂CrO₅]; accounting for 53, 22, and 21% of the production, respectively. Production records for primrose (4%) were also included since the formulation results in mixed crystals with a high percentage of lead sulphate, which, according to the literature, leaves it more prone to degradation. Each pigment type is characterised by only one or two main synthetic pathways; process variations reveal a systematic and thorough search for a high-quality durable product. A comparison of the chemical composition of pigment reconstructions with early W&N oil paint tubes showed that their records entitled ‘pale’ and ‘lemon’ correlated with the pigment in their tube labelled chrome yellow and, ‘middle’ and ‘deep’ with the label chrome deep. Lemon and middle pigment formulations were made into oil paints to assess their relative photo-stability. The degradation process was followed by colorimetry and was studied by synchrotron radiation-based techniques. Based on the X-ray absorption spectroscopy data, the possibility for creating a stability index for chrome yellows is discussed.     

Preparation and adsorption behaviors of Cu(II) ion-imprinted polymers

Imprinted polymers were prepared for selective removal of Cu（Ⅱ） ions from metal solutions. Three ion-imprinted polymers were synthesized with methacrylic acid （MAA）, acrylamide （AA） and N,N＇-methylenebisacrylamide （MBAA） respectively as the functional monomers, ethleneglycoldimethacrylate （EGDMA） as the cross-linking agent, 2,2＇- azobisisobutyronitrile （AIBN） as the initiator and Cu （Ⅱ） ion as the imprint ion. The template Cu （Ⅱ） ion was removed from the polymer by leaching with a liquid of a 1：1 volumetric ratio of HCl to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA）. The capacity and selectivity of Cu（Ⅱ） ion adsorption were investigated with the three imprinted polymers and their non-imprinted counterparts. The polymers have a maximum adsorption capacity at pH 7.0. The isotherm of their batch adsorption of Cu（Ⅱ） ions shows a Langmuir adsorption pattern. Imprinted polymers all have a much higher capacity and higher selectivity of Cu（Ⅱ） adsorption than nonimprinted ones. MAA polymer benefits the most from imprinting. Imprinted MAA polymer has the highest selectivity when used to rebind Cu （Ⅱ） ion from an aqueous solution in the presence of other metal ions. Ion imprinting can be a promising technique of preparing selective adsorbents to separate and preconcentrate metal in a medium of multiple competitive metal ions through solid phase extraction （SPE）.     

杭白菊与黄山贡菊中微量元素的测定

用原子吸收光谱法对杭白菊（Chrysanchemum morifolitm Ramat）及黄山贡菊（Dendranthemamor folium）的Zn,Mn,Cu,Mg和Ph等微量元素进行了测定分析．该方法的标准曲线相关系数为0．99554～0．99986,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于2％．结果表明：杭白菊与黄山贡菊中Fe,Ca,Mg的含量均较高,黄山贡菊Ca,Zn,Cu,Mn含量较高,尤其是Mn．测定水洗后菊花和未水洗菊花中的微量元素含量可为人们日常饮用菊花的方式提供依据．     

吸收历史优良传统,促进廉政文化建设

新世纪的廉政建设任重而道远，制度上固然需要保证，而文化上同时也要有保证。廉政文化是通过文化的自身规律和渠道、文化传媒的方式和魅力影响着社会，因此在吸取中国传统道德精华的基础上大力推动廉政文化建设既势在必行，又意义深远。     

矿化垃圾吸附亚甲基蓝实验研究

采用矿化垃圾筛对亚甲基蓝溶液进行了吸附实验研究,考察了矿化垃圾用量、pH值、初始亚甲基蓝浓度、吸附时间等因素对其吸附效果的影响。实验结果表明,矿化垃圾能对染料模拟废水亚甲基蓝溶液有较为理想的脱色效果。该技术投资运行成本低,且原料在国内存在数量多,具有充足的资源与开发利用前景。     

考虑管间液滴形成和下落过程的吸收器模拟及分析

针对以溴化锂水溶液为工质的水平管吸收器，考虑管底部液滴形成和管间下落过程，建立了描述管间滴状形成和下落吸收过程传热传质耦合数学模型。根据数值计算结果，分析了溶液温度、浓度和吸收速率沿管排不同位置和水平管管间的变化，分析了管间距对吸收器整体传热传质性能的影响。结果表明，滴状吸收过程约占总吸收量的30%。与实验数据的对比说明提出的数学模型是合理的。     

Study on arsenic level in ground water of Delhi using hydride generator accessory coupled with atomic absorption spectrophotometer

Surveillance of drinking water is essentially a health measure intended to protect the public from water borne diseases. Hydride generator accessory coupled with atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to analyze arsenic level in 49 ground water samples collected from different areas of Delhi. Arsenic level in ground water samples was in the range of 0.0170 to 0.100 ppm (Mean-0.0431, Standard Deviation-0.0136, Std. error of Mean-0.00194) with minimum concentration at Raney Well No. 7 (0.0170 ppm) and maximum at Kotla Mubarak Pur (0.100 ppm). Arsenic containing sediments and percolation of chemicals into soil as the result of dumping of garbage rich in chemicals into open landfills could be the possible source of arsenic in ground water of Delhi. Extensive survey and continuous monitoring is required to be made to assess the magnitude of problem and earlier intervention.     

电镀工业氮氧化物废气治理技术

本介绍了氮氧化物废气的来源、危害以及电镀工业氮氧化物排放特点，着重介绍了治理氮氧化物废气的几种方法，并对吸收液和吸收塔进行了深入的探讨和研究。结果表明，使用碱性溶液作为作为吸收液．使用旋流板塔作为吸收设备是治理电镀工业氮氧化物废气的一种较为成熟、可靠的技术。     

树型蕨类桫椤生物学特征初探

植物要长成大树需要支持能力、水分供给能力和生物积累量.桫椤茎的下端着生大量不定根形成的＂根被＂和茎共同维持它的支持能力和水分供给能力,而它的大型树冠产生的生物积累量也使桫椤长成大树成为可能.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定云冈石窟风化岩石中的铁

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了云冈石窟石雕风化物中Fe的含量．样品采用HF—HNO3-HClO4消化，用HCl溶解盐类．用标准曲线法测定，浓度在0—10μg／mL范围内与吸光度有良好的线性关系，线性回归方程为A=0．0851c＋0．003，相关系数R=0．9996．相对标准偏差为1．43％，加标回收率为95．6％-109．47％，方法简单、快速、结果满意．