大学英语听力及阅读能力在元认知理论下的指导策略

对于英语作为第二语言的中国学生来说,与母语是英语的外国人交流的机会十分有限。作为一名大学英语教师,如何通过学习策略来提高他们的英语学习能力和成绩就显得十分紧迫了。本文通过相关的调查研究指出了元认知策略的总体使用频率,并认为作为教师,要将元认知策略融入教学之中,使学生明确监控和评估自己学习的重要性,让学生形成使用元认知策略的意识和习惯,这对于任何学习都是十分重要的。     

探究图式听力理论对英专学生听力成绩的影响及教学应用策略——一项基于图式理论的实证研究

图式理论不仅广泛适用于英语阅读理解教学,更应在英语听力教学中发挥作用。本文通过对图式、图式理论以及图式听力理论的概述,在实证研究的基础上证实背景知识水平与听力理解水平的相关性,揭示图式听力理论对英专学生听力成绩的影响,并探讨其在英语听力教学领域的启示。     

图书馆学理论与实践的阻隔归因及其矫纠策略

长期以来造成图书馆学理论与实践相互阻隔的原因主要有二：必然的合理性阻隔和实然的非合理性阻隔。为实现图书馆学理论与实践的贯通，须制定若干矫纠策略并加强其实施。     

Is small actually big? The chaos of technological change

In this paper, we develop themes from complexity and chaos theory that help to explain the technological change process. We apply two quantifiers, correlation dimensions and Lyapunov exponents, to examine the signs and degrees of chaotic technological dynamics. To illustrate our ideas, we study the development of electronic displays from 1976 to 2010, using patent data. The results of the chaos model are matched against the profiles of patent citations. Our analysis contributes to the development of a chaotic model of technological change.     

浅谈中职畜牧兽医专业教育教学的优化措施

中职畜牧兽医专业实施教育教学优化,是针对中职畜牧兽医专业教育教学存在的一些现实问题提出的有效措施,具有很强的针对性。根据中职畜牧兽医专业实践性较强的特点,对畜牧兽医理论教学和实践教学采取优化措施,可以有效整合教学资源,提高管理效果,对培养学生专业技能有重要意义。     

县域经济发展战略理论的系统框架

本文认为区域比较优势理论、区域结构优化理论和区域市场运作理论能够形成一个比较统一的县域经济发展战略的理论框架，该框架可以简要地概括为：比较优势理论是县域经济的定位理论，结构优化理论是县域经济的定向理论，市场运作理论是县域经济的实施理论。文章进而分析了县域市场运作中的四种类型。     

A probabilistic model of information retrieval: development and comparative experiments: Part 2

The paper combines a comprehensive account of the probabilistic model of retrieval with new systematic experiments on TREC Programme material. It presents the model from its foundations through its logical development to cover more aspects of retrieval data and a wider range of system functions. Each step in the argument is matched by comparative retrieval tests, to provide a single coherent account of a major line of research. The experiments demonstrate, for a large test collection, that the probabilistic model is effective and robust, and that it responds appropriately, with major improvements in performance, to key features of retrieval situations.Part 1 covers the foundations and the model development for document collection and relevance data, along with the test apparatus. Part 2 covers the further development and elaboration of the model, with extensive testing, and briefly considers other environment conditions and tasks, model training, concluding with comparisons with other approaches and an overall assessment.Data and results tables for both parts are given in Part 1. Key results are summarised in Part 2.     

Computer systems: Moral entities but not moral agents

After discussing the distinction between artifacts and natural entities, and the distinction between artifacts and technology, the conditions of the traditional account of moral agency are identified. While computer system behavior meets four of the five conditions, it does not and cannot meet a key condition. Computer systems do not have mental states, and even if they could be construed as having mental states, they do not have intendings to act, which arise from an agent’s freedom. On the other hand, computer systems have intentionality, and because of this, they should not be dismissed from the realm of morality in the same way that natural objects are dismissed. Natural objects behave from necessity; computer systems and other artifacts behave from necessity after they are created and deployed, but, unlike natural objects, they are intentionally created and deployed. Failure to recognize the intentionality of computer systems and their connection to human intentionality and action hides the moral character of computer systems. Computer systems are components in human moral action. When humans act with artifacts, their actions are constituted by the intentionality and efficacy of the artifact which, in turn, has been constituted by the intentionality and efficacy of the artifact designer. All three components – artifact designer, artifact, and artifact user – are at work when there is an action and all three should be the focus of moral evaluation.     

基于分形理论的土地利用空间行为特征——以江西东江源流域为例

为增进对土地利用空间行为变化的理解,以分形理论为指导,在RS和GIS技术支持下,建立了东江源流域土地利用空间数据库,运用分形模型和提取数据对江西东江源流域土地利用空间格局的变化进行了研究。获得了1985年和2000年两个时期各个土地利用类型的分形维数和不稳定性指数,并且参照了常用的景观指数,包括斑块密度指数、景观斑块形状破碎化指数和景观类型分离度指数,对土地利用空间行为变化进行了定量分析,研究结果显示,景观斑块破碎度指数由0. 945变为0. 936,呈下降趋势;其他林地和有林地等土地利用类型的稳定性呈上升趋势,而高覆盖度草地、水域、灌木林地、旱地、水田等土地利用类型的稳定性明显降低,说明近期应当对它们进行适当保护;对其他林地和有林地而言,分形维数降低的程度,一方面说明了土地斑块形态规整化改善的程度,另一方面也说明了人们改善土地形态的行为强度,如植树造林、退耕还林。     

私营企业诚信问题博弈分析

由于私营企业自身存在的一些问题以及我国法律法规和制度的不健全,造成我国私营企业诚信缺失问题严重。利用博弈分析方法,概括了私营企业诚信缺失的原因,并提出提高私营企业诚信的相关对策。